{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:14:20Z","timestamp":1792066460020,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81302314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81302314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Projects","award":["2012YQ160203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012YQ160203"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emerging evidence supports the pivotal roles of cancer-associated cachexia in breast cancer progression. However, the mediators and mechanisms that mediate cancer-induced cachexia remain unclear. Here, we show that breast cancer-derived exosomes alter adipocytes and muscle cells in terms of increased catabolism characterized by the release of metabolites. Likewise, tumour cells cocultivated with mature adipocytes or C2C12 exhibit an aggressive phenotype through inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, we show that cancer cell-secreted miR-155 promotes beige\/brown differentiation and remodel metabolism in resident adipocytes by downregulating the PPAR\u03b3 expression, but does not significantly affect biological conversion in C2C12. In vitro the use of propranolol ameliorates tumour exosomes-associated cachectic wasting through upregulating the PPAR\u03b3 expression. These results demonstrate that cancer-derived exosomes reprogram systemic energy metabolism and accelerate cancer-associated cachexia to facilitate tumour progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T07:51:18Z","timestamp":1540453878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["RETRACTED ARTICLE: Tumour-originated exosomal miR-155 triggers cancer-associated cachexia to promote tumour progression"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengrong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"899_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.06.011","volume":"16","author":"KC Fearon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fearon KC, Glass DJ, Guttridge DC. Cancer cachexia: mediators, signaling, and metabolic pathways. Cell Metab. 2012;16:153\u201366.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"899_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.09.008","volume":"36","author":"AAL Vigano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vigano AAL, Morais JA, Ciutto L, Rosenthall L, di Tomasso J, Khan S, Olders H, Borod M, Kilgour RD. Use of routinely available clinical, nutritional, and functional criteria to classify cachexia in advanced cancer patients. Clin Nutr. 2017;36:1378\u201390.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"899_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.043","volume":"164","author":"M Tkach","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tkach M, Thery C. Communication by extracellular vesicles: where we are and where we need to go. 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Cancer Res. 2011;71:2455\u201365.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"899_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2492","volume":"17","author":"KM Nieman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nieman KM, Kenny HA, Penicka CV, Ladanyi A, Buell-Gutbrod R, Zillhardt MR, Romero IL, Carey MS, Mills GB, Hotamisligil GS, et al. Adipocytes promote ovarian cancer metastasis and provide energy for rapid tumor growth. Nat Med. 2011;17:1498\u2013503.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"899_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.87489","volume":"2","author":"YY Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang YY, Attane C, Milhas D, Dirat B, Dauvillier S, Guerard A, Gilhodes J, Lazar I, Alet N, Laurent V, et al. Mammary adipocytes stimulate breast cancer invasion through metabolic remodeling of tumor cells. JCI Insight. 2017;2:e87489.","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"899_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0083-6","volume":"20","author":"W Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan W, Wu X, Zhou W, Fong MY, Cao M, Liu J, Liu X, Chen CH, Fadare O, Pizzo DP, et al. Cancer-cell-secreted exosomal miR-105 promotes tumour growth through the MYC-dependent metabolic reprogramming of stromal cells. Nat Cell Biol. 2018;20:597\u2013609.","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"899_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23978","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23978","volume":"6","author":"MA Rider","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rider MA, Hurwitz SN, Meckes DG Jr. ExtraPEG: A Polyethylene Glycol-Based Method for Enrichment of Extracellular Vesicles. Sci Rep. 2016;6:23978.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"record-id":"42427"},{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000}}],"container-title":["Molecular Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T14:05:07Z","timestamp":1678457107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0899-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2023","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 February 2023","order":8,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":9,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:","order":10,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-023-01728-8","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Human samples were obtained from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. All patients included in the study provided written informed consent, and the study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. Patients did not receive financial compensation. All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and local regulations<b>.<\/b>","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have consented to publish this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"155"}}