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A total of 9049 patients (aged \u226518\u2009years) receiving LLT for \u22653\u2009months and who had had their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) value measured on stable LLT in the previous 12\u2009months were enrolled between August 2015 and August 2016. Patients who had received a proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9 inhibitor in the previous 6\u2009months were excluded. Patients were stratified by cardiovascular risk level using the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation chart for high-risk countries.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The proportion of patients at their LDL-C goal was 32.1% for very-high risk patients compared with 55.7 and 51.9% for patients at moderate and high cardiovascular risk, respectively. Overall, 20.1% of patients had \u22651 reported hospitalization in the previous 12\u2009months (7.9% for cardiovascular reasons), 35.2% had \u22651 intensive care unit stay and 13.8% visited the emergency room. Avoidable healthcare resource consumption was reported for 18.7% patients overall, and in 27.8, 7.7, 7.7 and 13.2% of patients at very-high, high, moderate and low risk, respectively. Across all risk groups 22.4% of patients not at LDL-C goal and 16.6% of patients at LDL-C goal had avoidable healthcare resource consumption.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Being at very-high cardiovascular risk, having cardiovascular risk factors (including hypertension and smoking), and having factors indicating that the patient may be difficult to treat (including statin intolerance, comorbidities and chronic medication), were independent risk factors for avoidable healthcare resource consumption (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Healthcare resource consumption associated with adverse clinical outcomes was observed in patients on stable LLT in countries outside Western Europe and North America, particularly those at very-high cardiovascular risk and those who were difficult to treat.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-020-01235-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T12:03:58Z","timestamp":1586261038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Healthcare resource utilization in patients on lipid-lowering therapies outside Western Europe and North America: findings of the cross-sectional observational International ChoLesterol management Practice Study (ICLPS)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lieven","family":"Annemans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Azuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Al-Rasadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Al-Zakwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Daclin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Danchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1235_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr158","volume":"32","author":"Z Reiner","year":"2011","unstructured":"European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, Reiner Z, Catapano AL, De Backer G, Graham I, Taskinen MR, Wiklund O, Agewall S, Alegria E, Chapman MJ, et al. 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Patients provided written informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"LA reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study; and personal fees from Sanofi, Amgen and Merck outside the submitted work. JA reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study; and personal fees from Pfizer and non-financial support from Janssen Pharmaceuticals outside the submitted work. KA-R reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study. IA-Z reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study. VD reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study; and other support from Sanofi outside the submitted work. FM reports grants from Sanofi and other support from Stat Process during the conduct of the study. ND reports non-financial support from Sanofi during the conduct of the study; and grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Amgen, AstraZeneca and Bristol-Myers Squibb, grants and personal fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp Dohme, Pfizer and Sanofi, and personal fees from Intercept, Novo Nordisk and Servier outside the submitted work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"64"}}