{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:58:17Z","timestamp":1782997097153,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lipids Health Dis"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T07:43:30Z","timestamp":1749282210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring the association between healthy lifestyle score and atherogenic indices in a general population of Iranian adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8383-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Amani-Beni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5269-0061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahar","family":"Darouei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1776-1060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noushin","family":"Mohammadifard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1930-0340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Awat","family":"Feizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motahare","family":"Bateni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Haghighatdoost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Boshtam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6828-2169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nizal","family":"Sarrafzadegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2631_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20230418","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20230418","volume":"120","author":"YB Ara\u00fajo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo YB, Almeida ABR, Viana MFM, Meneguz-Moreno RA. Use of atherogenic indices as assessment methods of clinical atherosclerotic diseases. Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia. 2023;120:e20230418.","journal-title":"Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia"},{"key":"2631_CR2","first-page":"66","volume":"38","author":"JIR Manent","year":"2023","unstructured":"Manent JIR, Gil PT, Villalonga JLC, Lliteras PM, Gonz\u00e1lez \u00c1AL, Oliveira HJP. Relationship between atherogenic dyslipidemia and lipid triad with scales that assess Non alcoholic liver disease in 418,343 Spanish workers. Acad J Health Sciences: Med Balear. 2023;38:66\u201373.","journal-title":"Acad J Health Sciences: Med Balear"},{"key":"2631_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4103\/1596-3519.194280","volume":"15","author":"MA Olamoyegun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Olamoyegun MA, Oluyombo R, Asaolu SO. Evaluation of dyslipidemia, lipid ratios, and atherogenic index as cardiovascular risk factors among semi-urban dwellers in Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2016;15:194\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Afr Med"},{"key":"2631_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-017-0066-x","volume":"72","author":"MK Edwards","year":"2018","unstructured":"Edwards MK, Loprinzi PD. Physical activity and diet on atherogenic index of plasma among adults in the united states: mediation considerations by central adiposity. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018;72:826\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2022.01.036","volume":"32","author":"C Chairistanidou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chairistanidou C, Karatzi K, Karaglani E, Usheva N, Liatis S, Chakarova N, Mateo-Gallego R, Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Rad\u00f3 S, Antal E. Diet quality in association to lipidaemic profile in adults of families at high-risk for type 2 diabetes in europe: the Feel4Diabetes study. Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;32:1175\u201385.","journal-title":"Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2631_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alemam H, Mustafa A, Shebani A, Attayeb M, Akarem A, Elzagheid A, Eltaib F. Assessment of Atherogenic Risk indices and Dyslipidemia in Libyan Smokers. 2024.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5270494\/v1"},{"key":"2631_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s12571-023-01366-4","volume":"15","author":"I Maia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maia I, Oliveira A, Santos AC. Food insecurity is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle score in middle-and older-aged adults: findings from the EPIPorto cohort. Food Secur. 2023;15:661\u201371.","journal-title":"Food Secur"},{"key":"2631_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01270-0","volume":"23","author":"M Vajdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vajdi M, Karimi A, Farhangi MA, Ardekani AM. The association between healthy lifestyle score and risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disorders. 2023;23:16.","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disorders"},{"key":"2631_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003469","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2023-003469","volume":"11","author":"C Baechle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baechle C, Lang A, Strassburger K, Kuss O, Burkart V, Szendroedi J, M\u00fcssig K, Weber KS, Schrauwen-Hinderling V, Herder C. Association of a lifestyle score with cardiometabolic markers among individuals with diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2023;11:e003469.","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"2631_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-018-0126-2","volume":"33","author":"N Sarrafzadegan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sarrafzadegan N, Hassannejad R, Roohafza H, Sadeghi M, Talaei M, Oveisgharan S, Mansourian M. A 10-year Isfahan cohort on cardiovascular disease as a master plan for a multi-generation non-communicable disease longitudinal study: methodology and challenges. J Hum Hypertens. 2019;33:807\u201316.","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"2631_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"H Roohafza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roohafza H, Feizi A, Gharipour M, Khani A, Dianatkhah M, Sarrafzadegan N, Sadeghi M. Development and validation of a socioeconomic status short-form questionnaire (SES-SQ). ARYA Atheroscler. 2021;17:1\u20139.","journal-title":"ARYA Atheroscler"},{"key":"2631_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2005898","volume":"9","author":"M Hagstr\u00f6mer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hagstr\u00f6mer M, Oja P, Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m M. The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9:755\u201362.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00961-4","volume":"22","author":"H Farhadnejad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farhadnejad H, Teymoori F, Asghari G, Mokhtari E, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. The higher adherence to a healthy lifestyle score is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in Iranian adults. BMC Endocr Disorders. 2022;22:42.","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disorders"},{"key":"2631_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12666","volume":"78","author":"N Mohammadifard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohammadifard N, Haghighatdust F, Kelishadi R, Bahonar A, Dianatkhah M, Heidari H, Maghroun M, Dehghan M. Validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for Iranian adults. Nutr Dietetics. 2021;78:305\u201314.","journal-title":"Nutr Dietetics"},{"key":"2631_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.157222","volume":"142","author":"SE Chiuve","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chiuve SE, Fung TT, Rimm EB, Hu FB, McCullough ML, Wang M, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. Alternative dietary indices both strongly predict risk of chronic disease. J Nutr. 2012;142:1009\u201318.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-04000-6","volume":"23","author":"E Karimi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karimi E, Haghighatdoost F, Mohammadifard N, Najafi F, Farshidi H, Kazemi T, Solati K, Shahdadian F, Arab A, Sarrafzadegan N, Mansourian M. The influential role of parents\u2019 socioeconomic status and diet quality on their children\u2019s dietary behavior: results from the LIPOKAP study among the Iranian population. BMC Pediatr. 2023;23:188.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"2631_CR17","first-page":"64","volume":"52","author":"M Dobiasova","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dobiasova M. AIP\u2013atherogenic index of plasma as a significant predictor of cardiovascular risk: from research to practice. Vnitr Lek. 2006;52:64\u201371.","journal-title":"Vnitr Lek"},{"key":"2631_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.103065","volume":"55","author":"K Toprak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Toprak K, Kaplang\u00f6ray M, Karata\u015f M, Dursun A, Ar\u011fa Y, Tascanov MB, Bi\u00e7er A, Demirba\u011f R. Atherogenic combined index: validation of a coronary artery disease predictive biomarker. Arch Med Res. 2024;55:103065.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"2631_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/1973798X241289333","volume":"17","author":"E Efrida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Efrida E, Rofinda ZD, Lipoeto NI, Bakma I. The correlation of adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and adiponectin\/crp ratio to Castelli risk Index-II in cardiovascular disease associated with vitamin-D deficiency in laboratory workers at M. Djamil public hospital, West Sumatra. Mediterranean J Nutr Metabolism. 2024;17:357\u201367.","journal-title":"Mediterranean J Nutr Metabolism"},{"key":"2631_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2337\/diaclin.26.1.3","volume":"26","author":"AL Peters","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peters AL. Clinical relevance of non-HDL cholesterol in patients with diabetes. Clin Diabetes. 2008;26:3\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes"},{"key":"2631_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S462181","volume":"17","author":"J Qiu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiu J, Huang X, Kuang M, Yang R, Li J, Sheng G, Zou Y. Lipoprotein combine index as a better marker for NAFLD identification than traditional lipid parameters. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024;17:2583\u201395.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"2631_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01554-0","volume":"21","author":"X Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu X, Liu Q, Guo X, Wang W, Yu B, Liang B, Zhou Y, Dong H, Lin J. The role of remnant cholesterol beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022;21:117.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2631_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14212388","volume":"14","author":"T Sastre-Alzamora","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sastre-Alzamora T, T\u00e1rraga L\u00f3pez PJ, L\u00f3pez-Gonz\u00e1lez \u00c1A, Vallejos D, Paublini H, Ram\u00edrez Manent JI. Usefulness of atherogenic indices for predicting high values of avoidable lost life years heart age in 139,634 Spanish workers. Diagnostics. 2024;14:2388.","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"2631_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beazer J, Freeman D. Estradiol and HDL function in Women\u2013 A partnership for life. J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism 2021, 107.","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab811"},{"key":"2631_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.10.999","volume":"167","author":"S Kodama","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kodama S, Tanaka S, Saito K, Shu M, Sone Y, Onitake F, Suzuki E, Shimano H, Yamamoto S, Kondo K, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise training on serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:999\u20131008.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2631_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-7435(03)00110-5","volume":"37","author":"K Maeda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maeda K, Noguchi Y, Fukui T. The effects of cessation from cigarette smoking on the lipid and lipoprotein profiles: a meta-analysis. Prev Med. 2003;37:283\u201390.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2631_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.059","volume":"77","author":"S Raposeiras-Roubin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Raposeiras-Roubin S, Rossell\u00f3 X, Oliva B, Fern\u00e1ndez-Friera L, Mendiguren Jos\u00e9 M, Andr\u00e9s V, Bueno H, Sanz J, de Mart\u00ednez V, Abu-Assi E, et al. Triglycerides and residual atherosclerotic risk. JACC. 2021;77:3031\u201341.","journal-title":"JACC"},{"key":"2631_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-015-0353-9","volume":"6","author":"JD Brown","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brown JD, Buscemi J, Milsom V, Malcolm R, O\u2019Neil PM. Effects on cardiovascular risk factors of weight losses limited to 5\u201310. Transl Behav Med. 2016;6:339\u201346.","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"key":"2631_CR29","unstructured":"Organization WH. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organization; 2023."},{"key":"2631_CR30","first-page":"359","volume":"3","author":"S Bhardwaj","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhardwaj S, Bhattacharjee J, Bhatnagar M, Tyagi S, Delhi N. Atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli risk index and atherogenic coefficient-new parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk. Int J Pharm Biol Sci. 2013;3:359\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Biol Sci"},{"key":"2631_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02582-2","volume":"24","author":"R Assempoor","year":"2025","unstructured":"Assempoor R, Daneshvar MS, Taghvaei A, Abroy AS, Azimi A, Nelson JR, Hosseini K. Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025;24:35.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2631_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raaj I, Thalamati M, Gowda V, Rao A. The role of the atherogenic index of plasma and the Castelli risk index I and II in cardiovascular disease. Cureus 2024, 16.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.74644"},{"key":"2631_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Detection, NCEPEPo. Adults tohbci: third report of the National cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult treatment panel III). The Program; 2002.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.19.2486"},{"key":"2631_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-20","volume":"10","author":"MP Hermans","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hermans MP, Sacks FM, Ahn SA, Rousseau MF. Non-HDL-cholesterol as valid surrogate to Apolipoprotein B 100 measurement in diabetes: discriminant ratio and unbiased equivalence. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2011;10:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2631_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22848","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022848","volume":"99","author":"H-C Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen H-C, Lee W-C, Fang H-Y, Fang C-Y, Chen C-J, Yang C-H, Wu C-J. Impact of high triglyceride\/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (insulin resistance) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Medicine. 2020;99:e22848.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2631_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.09.023","volume":"161","author":"AD Gepner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gepner AD, Piper ME, Johnson HM, Fiore MC, Baker TB, Stein JH. Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on lipids and lipoproteins: outcomes from a randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J. 2011;161:145\u201351.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2631_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2023.03.001","volume":"10","author":"A van der Plas","year":"2023","unstructured":"van der Plas A, Antunes M, Pouly S, de La Bourdonnaye G, Hankins M, Heremans A. Meta-analysis of the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on triglyceride levels. Toxicol Rep. 2023;10:367\u201375.","journal-title":"Toxicol Rep"},{"key":"2631_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13996","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13996","volume":"53","author":"ML Colsoul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Colsoul ML, Goderniaux N, Onorati S, Dupuis S, Jamart J, Vanpee D, Berlin I, Galanti L. Changes in biomarkers of endothelial function, oxidative stress, inflammation and lipids after smoking cessation: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Invest. 2023;53:e13996.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2631_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.56397\/SSSPE.2024.09.03","volume":"2","author":"SP Mladenovic","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mladenovic SP. The buffering role of physical activity in the impact of sedentary behavior on lipid metabolism. Stud Sports Sci Phys Educ. 2024;2:25\u201333.","journal-title":"Stud Sports Sci Phys Educ"},{"key":"2631_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-017-0515-5","volume":"16","author":"Y Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xu D. Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins. Lipids Health Dis. 2017;16:132.","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"2631_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.12.013","volume":"55","author":"TV Rohm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rohm TV, Meier DT, Olefsky JM, Donath MY. Inflammation in obesity, diabetes, and related disorders. Immunity. 2022;55:31\u201355.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2631_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-021-00898-w","volume":"20","author":"S Mirashrafi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mirashrafi S, Kafeshani M, Hassanzadeh A, Entezari MH. Is any association between alternate healthy eating index (AHEI) with lipid profile and liver enzymes? A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders. 2021;20:1537\u201344.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders"},{"key":"2631_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.1.163","volume":"82","author":"TT Fung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fung TT, McCullough ML, Newby P, Manson JE, Meigs JB, Rifai N, Willett WC, Hu FB. Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:163\u201373.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2015.12.004","volume":"26","author":"M Sotos-Prieto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sotos-Prieto M, Bhupathiraju S, Falcon L, Gao X, Tucker K, Mattei J. Association between a healthy lifestyle score and inflammatory markers among Puerto Rican adults. Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis. 2016;26:178\u201384.","journal-title":"Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2631_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201010","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1201010","volume":"10","author":"M Zeinalabedini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zeinalabedini M, Nasli-Esfahani E, Esmaillzadeh A, Azadbakht L. How is healthy eating index-2015 related to risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1201010.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR46","first-page":"247","volume":"8","author":"PM Ranjit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ranjit PM, Pothineni RB, Guntuku G. Estimation of lipid profile and assessment of cardiovascular risk in smokers by using new atherogenic indices. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2015;8:247\u201350.","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Clin Res"},{"key":"2631_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.4103\/ed.ed_5_18","volume":"3","author":"A Agbecha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agbecha A, Ameh AE. Atherogenic indices and smoking habits in cigarette smokers. Environ Disease. 2018;3:38\u201344.","journal-title":"Environ Disease"},{"key":"2631_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2478\/enr-2024-0022","volume":"58","author":"C Devantier-Du Plessis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Devantier-Du Plessis C, Saric N, Devantier-Du Plessis B, Zaciragic A. Assessment of correlation between lipid ratios and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Endocr Regul. 2024;58:187\u201394.","journal-title":"Endocr Regul"},{"key":"2631_CR49","first-page":"519","volume":"4","author":"D Kattula","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kattula D, Nimmanapalli HD. Association between anthropometric indices, lipid accumulation product and atherogenic indices in adolescents. Int J. 2021;4:519.","journal-title":"Int J"},{"key":"2631_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.10.014","volume":"11","author":"MK Edwards","year":"2017","unstructured":"Edwards MK, Blaha MJ, Loprinzi PD. Influence of sedentary behavior, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness on the atherogenic index of plasma. J Clin Lipidol. 2017;11:119\u201325.","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2631_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.04.015","volume":"61","author":"M Venoj\u00e4rvi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Venoj\u00e4rvi M, Korkmaz A, Wasenius N, Manderoos S, Heinonen OJ, Lindholm H, Aunola S, Eriksson JG, Atalay M. 12 weeks\u2019 aerobic and resistance training without dietary intervention did not influence oxidative stress but aerobic training decreased atherogenic index in middle-aged men with impaired glucose regulation. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;61:127\u201335.","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"2631_CR52","first-page":"337","volume":"31","author":"AO Ezeukwu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ezeukwu AO, Agwubike EO, Uadia PO. Differential effects of continuous and interval exercise training on the atherogenic index of plasma in the non-obese young male. Acta Cardiol Sinica. 2015;31:337.","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol Sinica"},{"key":"2631_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.206391","volume":"145","author":"M Sotos-Prieto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sotos-Prieto M, Bhupathiraju SN, Falc\u00f3n LM, Gao X, Tucker KL, Mattei J. A healthy lifestyle score is associated with cardiometabolic and neuroendocrine risk factors among Puerto Rican adults. J Nutr. 2015;145:1531\u201340.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707529","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.707529","volume":"8","author":"K Malekmohammad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malekmohammad K, Bezsonov EE, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Role of lipid accumulation and inflammation in atherosclerosis: focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:707529.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2631_CR55","first-page":"1566","volume":"170","author":"RR Wing","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wing RR. Long-term effects of a lifestyle intervention on weight and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: four-year results of the look AHEAD trial. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170:1566\u201375.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2631_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2019.05.005","volume":"102","author":"R Dudum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dudum R, Juraschek SP, Appel LJ. Dose-dependent effects of lifestyle interventions on blood lipid levels: results from the PREMIER trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2019;102:1882\u201391.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"2631_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2023.05.024","volume":"33","author":"M Khalafi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khalafi M, Sakhaei MH, Kazeminasab F, Rosenkranz SK, Symonds ME. Exercise training, dietary intervention, or combined interventions and their effects on lipid profiles in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis. 2023;33:1662\u201383.","journal-title":"Nutr Metabolism Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2631_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu L, Ding K-w, Yang G-d, Han X-x, Cong X, Wang R-h, Liu X-r, Li N, Xu C-p. Association Between Life\u2019s Essential 8 and Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Adults: Insights from NHANES 2007\u20132018. 2024.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.09.16.24313778"},{"key":"2631_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15816-3","volume":"23","author":"MK Jahromi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jahromi MK, Daftari G, Farhadnejad H, Tehrani AN, Teymoori F, Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Mirmiran P. The association of healthy lifestyle score and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Public Health. 2023;23:973.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2631_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13101027","volume":"13","author":"Y Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang Y, Li Y, Guo X, Dai D, Sun Y. The association of ideal cardiovascular health and atherogenic index of plasma in rural population: a cross-sectional study from Northeast China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13:1027.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2631_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17203","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17203","volume":"12","author":"T Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong T, Zhou Q, Lin W, Wang C, Sun M, Li Y, Liu X, Lin G, Liu H, Zhang C. Association of healthy lifestyle score with control of hypertension among treated and untreated hypertensive patients: a large cross-sectional study. PeerJ. 2024;12:e17203.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"2631_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1605086","volume":"375","author":"AV Khera","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khera AV, Emdin CA, Drake I, Natarajan P, Bick AG, Cook NR, Chasman DI, Baber U, Mehran R, Rader DJ. Genetic risk, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:2349\u201358.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2631_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/nbu.12537","volume":"47","author":"P Mirmiran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mirmiran P, Farhadnejad H, Teymoori F, Parastouei K, Azizi F. The higher adherence to healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a decreased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults. Nutr Bull. 2022;47:57\u201367.","journal-title":"Nutr Bull"},{"key":"2631_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4462","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214462","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Yang H, Liang S, Zhang H, Mo Y, Rao S, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wang W, Yang W. Higher adherence to healthy lifestyle score is associated with lower odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients. 2022;14:4462.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2631_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.11.003","volume":"37","author":"YR Patel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patel YR, Gadiraju TV, Gaziano JM, Djouss\u00e9 L. Adherence to healthy lifestyle factors and risk of death in men with diabetes mellitus: the physicians\u2019 health study. Clin Nutr. 2018;37:139\u201343.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02024-2","volume":"19","author":"C Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun C, Li K, Xu H, Wang X, Qin P, Wang S, Liang B, Xu L. Association of healthy lifestyle score with all-cause mortality and life expectancy: a city-wide prospective cohort study of cancer survivors. BMC Med. 2021;19:1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2631_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980023002598","volume":"27","author":"F Petermann-Rocha","year":"2024","unstructured":"Petermann-Rocha F, Diaz-Toro F, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Mart\u00ednez-Sanguinetti MA, Leiva-Ordo\u00f1ez AM, Nazar G, Concha-Cisternas Y, Mart\u00ednez XD, Lanuza F, Carrasco-Mar\u00edn F. Association between a lifestyle score and all-cause mortality: a prospective analysis of the Chilean National health survey 2009\u20132010. Public Health Nutr. 2024;27:e9.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534458","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1534458","volume":"12","author":"H-Q Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao H-Q, Lv J-L, Gao Y-Z, Hu B, Du Z-D, Wang Y, Wang M-L, Hou M-D, Li F, Xing X. Association between inflammatory score, healthy lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease: a National cohort study. Front Nutr. 2025;12:1534458.","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2631_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang B, Mei Z, Li Y, Dai H, Meng X, An G. Association between nontraditional lipid parameters and cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective study. 2024.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3853184\/v1"},{"key":"2631_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0819-z","volume":"18","author":"Z Qin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qin Z, Zhou K, Li Y-p, Wang J-l, Cheng W-j, Hu C-p, Shi C, He H, Zhou Y. -j: remnant lipoproteins play an important role of in-stent restenosis in type 2 diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a single-centre observational cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2019;18:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2631_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61350-5","volume":"376","author":"CT Trialists","year":"2010","unstructured":"Trialists CT. Efficacy and safety of more intensive Lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet. 2010;376:1670\u201381.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2631_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02198-y","volume":"23","author":"M Rabiee Rad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rabiee Rad M, Ghasempour Dabaghi G, Darouei B, Amani-Beni R. The association of atherogenic index of plasma with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024;23:119.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2631_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.030","volume":"78","author":"F \u00c5berg","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u00c5berg F, Byrne CD, Pirola CJ, M\u00e4nnist\u00f6 V, Sookoian S. Alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome: clinical and epidemiological impact on liver disease. J Hepatol. 2023;78:191\u2013206.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Lipids in Health and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T20:03:49Z","timestamp":1749326629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/lipidworld.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2631"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12944-025-02631-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-511X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-511X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study protocol received ethical clearance from the Research Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR.ARI.MUI.REC.1403.037). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their enrollment.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"206"}}