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The objective of this study was to estimate rates of AP and CV events for adults with (and without) sHTG\/eHTG in US clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective design and data from the MarketScan Research Databases were employed. Study population comprised adults with\u2009\u2265\u20091 TG value and was stratified by index TG (&lt;\u2009150, 150\u2013499, 500\u2013879,\u2009\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL;\u2009&lt;\u20091.69, 1.69\u20135.64, 5.65\u20139.93,\u2009\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L). AP\/CV events (per 1,000 person-years [PY]) were ascertained from index TG through end of study period, and were estimated for TG-specific subgroups and selected subsets defined therein.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Study population totaled 1.8\u00a0M adults (TG\u2009&lt;\u2009150\u00a0mg\/dL [&lt;\u20091.69\u00a0mmol\/L]:\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.3\u00a0M; TG 150\u2013499\u00a0mg\/dL [1.69\u20135.64\u00a0mmol\/L]:\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009449\u00a0K; TG 500\u2013879\u00a0mg\/dL [5.65\u20139.93\u00a0mmol\/L]:\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200912,050; TG\u2009\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL [\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L]:\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093,944). AP rates (per 1,000 PY) increased from lowest to highest TG value (0.6 [&lt;\u2009150\u00a0mg\/dL;\u2009&lt;\u20091.69\u00a0mmol\/L]) to 9.9 [\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL;\u2009\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L]); rates were highest for adults with TG\u2009\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL (\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L) and history of AP (193.0), pre-existing diabetes (13.9), or history of LLT (13.9). CV event rates (per 1,000 PY) also increased from lowest to highest TG value (3.3 [&lt;\u2009150\u00a0mg\/dL;\u2009&lt;\u20091.69\u00a0mmol\/L]) to 10.3 [\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL;\u2009\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L]); rates were highest for adults with TG\u2009\u2265\u2009880\u00a0mg\/dL (\u2265\u20099.94\u00a0mmol\/L) and history of CV events (116.5), pre-existing diabetes (18.1), or history of LLT (14.5).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rates of AP\/CV events are substantially higher among adults with elevated TG values, and are especially high among adults with sHTG or eHTG, in particular those with these conditions and other risk factors. Understanding the magnitude of disease risk among sHTG\/eHTG patients, with increasing TG levels as well as within important subgroups, is critical to improving patient care and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-025-02658-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T11:50:48Z","timestamp":1753703448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Rates of acute pancreatitis and cardiovascular events among adults with severe or extreme hypertriglyceridemia in US clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9417-6637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asia","family":"Sikora Kessler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth J.","family":"Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Kutrieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Vera Llonch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Lonshteyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5405-2215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Weycker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Soffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"47","key":"2658_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4791","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab551","volume":"42","author":"HN Ginsberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ginsberg HN, Packard CJ, Chapman MJ, et al. 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Use of the study data sources for health services research was fully compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule and federal guidance on Public Welfare and the Protection of Human Subjects (45 CFR 46 \u00a746.101); accordingly, Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agree to publish this article in the Journal of Lipids in Health and Disease.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Alex Lonshteyn and Derek Weycker are employed by Avalere Health. Emily Kutrieb was employed by Avalere Health during the design and conduct of this study. Daniel E. Soffer is employed by the University of Pennsylvania Health System, and Seth J. Baum is employed by Flourish Research. Asia Sikora Kessler and Montserrat Vera Llonch are employed by Ionis Pharmaceuticals. Daniel E. Soffer reports the following relationships with Industry - Consultant\/Advisor: Amgen Inc, Amryt, Endless Health, GenInCode, Heartflow, Ionis, New Amsterdam, PHAR, Regeneron; and receives institutional support as sub-investigator in clinical trials with: Akcea, Amgen, Amryt, Arrowhead, Ionis, Lilly, Novartis, PCORI, NIH, Heartflow.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"252"}}