{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:51:22Z","timestamp":1787169082311,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Freiburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Mol Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anaphylaxis occurs in up to 3.5% of hymenoptera stings and can be a life-threatening emergency. Venom immunotherapy (VIT) provides excellent protection from further episodes of anaphylaxis and is well tolerated. In this study the frequency of anaphylactic reactions in pediatric patients undergoing rush bee venom immunotherapy was assessed as well as possible risk factors and modified up-dosing schemes are reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>19 consecutive pediatric patients, who had previously experienced an anaphylactic reaction following a bee sting and showed IgE-mediated sensitization to bee venom, underwent inpatient rush immunotherapy with bee venom extract. We retrospectively compared serological findings (total IgE, serum tryptase level, sensitization to Api m1, Api m3 and Api m10 bee venom allergens) and possible risk factors between patients who experienced an anaphylactic reaction during immunotherapy and patients who did not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three of the included 19 patients (15.8%) developed anaphylactic reactions to rush bee venom immunotherapy, all of them between administration of 40 and 80\u00a0\u00b5g of bee venom extract. However, all three patients reached the standard maintenance dose of 100\u00a0\u00b5g of bee venom following a modified VIT schedule without any further complications. Total serum IgE levels as well as Api m3 sensitization levels were significantly higher in patients showing an adverse reaction to bee VIT compared to those who did not experience any complications. There were no statistically significant differences concerning age, pre-existing conditions, type and severity of the initial reaction and Api m1, Api m10 and serum tryptase levels between the two subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Even if anaphylactic reactions occur during the build-up phase of VIT for bee venom in children and adolescents, venom immunotherapy can and should be continued in most cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T06:04:22Z","timestamp":1651212262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Anaphylactic reactions in the build-up phase of rush immunotherapy for bee venom allergy in pediatric patients: a single-center experience"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Antonia","family":"Glaeser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7217-3312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"170_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.09.043","volume":"122","author":"WW Decker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Decker WW, Campbell RL, Manivannan V, Luke A, St Sauver JL, Weaver A, Bellolio MF, Bergstralh EJ, Stead LG, Li JT. 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Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2017;3(10):2482\u20139.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccines Immunother"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Molecular Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T06:17:08Z","timestamp":1651213028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12948-022-00170-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-7961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-7961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 April 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The need for ethics approval was waived by the ethics committee, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. All patients and their guardians gave oral and written consent for VIT and participation in the study. VIT was carried out according to national guidelines and anaphylaxis was treated according to national guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All patients and their guardians gave oral and written informed consent for VIT and publication of the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to report.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"4"}}