{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:16:13Z","timestamp":1782386173238,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01GM84702-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01GM84702-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nanobiotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T09:31:32Z","timestamp":1510219892000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Quantifying engineered nanomaterial toxicity: comparison of common cytotoxicity and gene expression measurements"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Donald H.","family":"Atha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Steinbr\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison M.","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Hollingsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Dua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashi","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryant C.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"312_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-3-11","volume":"3","author":"PJ Borm","year":"2006","unstructured":"Borm PJ, Robbins D, Haubold S, Kuhlbusch T, Fissan H, Donaldson K, Schins R, Stone V, Kreyling W, Lademann J, Krutmann J, Warheit D, Oberdorster E. The potential risks of nanomaterials: a review carried out for ECETOC. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2006;3:1\u201335.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"312_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1021\/nl203620f","volume":"12","author":"BN Pal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pal BN, Ghosh Y, Brovelli S, Laocharoensuk R, Klimov VI, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H. Giant CdSe\/CdS core\/shell nanocrystal quantum dots as efficient electroluminescent materials: strong influence of shell thickness on light-emitting diode performance. Nano Lett. 2012;12:331\u20136.","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"312_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02695","volume":"430","author":"DJ Milliron","year":"2004","unstructured":"Milliron DJ, Hughes SM, Cui Y, Manna L, Li J, Wang L-W, Paul Alivisatos A. Colloidal nanocrystal heterostructures with linear and branched topology. Nature. 2004;430:190\u20135.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"312_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1196321","volume":"332","author":"D Mocatta","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mocatta D, Cohen G, Schattner J, Millo O, Rabani E, Banin U. Heavily doped semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots. Science. 2011;332:77\u201381.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"312_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1021\/nn901404h","volume":"4","author":"M Hu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hu M, Yan J, He Y, Lu H, Weng L, Song S, Fan C, Wang L. Ultrasensitive, multiplexed detection of cancer biomarkers directly in serum by using a quantum dot-based microfluidic protein chip. ACS Nano. 2010;4:488\u201394.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"312_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-1958","volume":"14","author":"P Diagaradjane","year":"2008","unstructured":"Diagaradjane P, Orenstein-Cardona JM, Col\u00f3n-Casasnovas N, Deorukhkar A, Shentu S, Kuno N, Schwartz DL, Gelovani JG, Krishnan S. Imaging epidermal growth factor receptor expression in vivo: pharmacokinetic and biodistribution characterization of a bioconjugated quantum dot nanoprobe. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:731\u201341.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"312_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31592","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031592","volume":"7","author":"K-AD Walker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walker K-AD, Morgan C, Doak SH, Dunstan PR. Quantum dots for multiplexed detection and characterisation of prostate cancer cells using a scanning near-field optical microscope. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e31592.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"312_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1021\/nl071546n","volume":"7","author":"V Bagalkot","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bagalkot V, Zhang L, Levy-Nissenbaum E, Jon S, Kantoff PW, Langer R, Farokhzad OC. Quantum dot-aptamer conjugates for synchronous cancer imaging, therapy, and sensing of drug delivery based on bi-fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Nano Letters. 2007;7:3065\u201370.","journal-title":"Nano Letters."},{"key":"312_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.01.036","volume":"33","author":"MS Muthu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muthu MS, Kulkarni SA, Raju A, Feng S-S. Theranostic liposomes of TPGS coating for targeted co-delivery of docetaxel and quantum dots. Biomaterials. 2012;33:3494\u2013501.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"312_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4748","DOI":"10.1021\/nn204886b","volume":"6","author":"A Nagy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nagy A, Steinbr\u00fcck A, Gao J, Doggett N, Hollingsworth JA, Iyer R. Comprehensive analysis of the effects of CdSe Quantum dot size, surface charge, and functionalization on primary human lung cells. ACS Nano. 2012;6:4748\u201362.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"312_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8397","DOI":"10.1021\/nn305532k","volume":"7","author":"A Nagy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nagy A, Hollingsworth JA, Hu B, Steinbruck A, Stark PC, Valdez CR, Vuyisich M, Stewart MH, Atha DH, Nelson BC, Iyer R. Functionalization-dependent cellular survival pathways by CdSe quantum dots in primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells. ACS Nano. 2013;7:8397\u2013411.","journal-title":"ACS Nano."},{"key":"312_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.08.038","volume":"34","author":"L Peng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peng L, He M, Chen B, Wu Q, Zhang Z, Pang D, Zhu Y, Hu B. Cellular uptake, elimination and toxicity of CdSe\/ZnS quantum dots in HepG2 cells. Biomaterials. 2013;34:9545\u201358.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"312_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfn137","volume":"106","author":"ST Stern","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stern ST, Zolnik BS, McLeland CB, Clogston J, Zheng J, McNeil SE. Induction of autophagy in porcine kidney cells by quantum dots: a common cellular response to nanomaterials? Toxicol Sci. 2008;106:140\u201352.","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"312_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2013.09.041","volume":"10","author":"SJ Soenen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Soenen SJ, Montenegro J-M, Abdelmonem A, Manshian BB, Doak SH, Parak WJ, DeSmedt SC, Braeckmans K. The effect of nanoparticle degradation on poly(methacrylic acid)-coatedquantum dot toxicity assessment in toxicology: the importance of particle functionality assessment in toxicology. Acta Biomater. 2014;10:732\u201341.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"312_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1021\/bc4001917","volume":"24","author":"CE Bradburne","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bradburne CE, Delehanty JB, Gemmill KB, Mei BC, Mattoussi H, Susumu K, Blanco-Canosa JB, Dawson PE, Medintz IL. Cytotoxicity of quantum dots used for in vitro cellular labeling: role of QD surface ligand, delivery modality, cell type, and direct comparison to organic fluorophores. Bioconjug Chem. 2013;24:1570\u201383.","journal-title":"Bioconjug Chem"},{"key":"312_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(12)60015-1","volume":"25","author":"K Pathakoti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pathakoti K, Hwang H-M, Xu H, Aguilar ZP, Wang A. In vitro cytotoxicity of CdSe\/ZnS quantum dots with different surface coatings to human keratinocytes HaCaT cells. J Environ Sci (China). 2013;25:163\u201371.","journal-title":"J Environ Sci (China)."},{"key":"312_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1039\/C2NR33024E","volume":"5","author":"V Brunetti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brunetti V, Chibli H, Fiammengo R, Galeone A, Malvindi MA, Vecchio G, Cingolani R, Nadeau JL, Pompa PP. InP\/ZnS as a safer alternative to CdSe\/ZnS core\/shell quantum dots: in vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment. Nanoscale. 2013;5:307.","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"312_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/1439-7641(20010518)2:5<331::AID-CPHC331>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"2","author":"S Haubold","year":"2001","unstructured":"Haubold S, Haase M, Kornowski A, Weller H. Strongly luminescent InP\/ZnS core-shell nanoparticles. ChemPhysChem. 2001;2:331\u20134.","journal-title":"ChemPhysChem"},{"key":"312_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1021\/ja057676k","volume":"128","author":"S Xu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xu S, Kumar S, Nann T. Rapid synthesis of high quality InP nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc. 2006;128:1054\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"312_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15432","DOI":"10.1021\/ja076363h","volume":"129","author":"R Xie","year":"2007","unstructured":"Xie R, Battaglia D, Peng X. Colloidal InP nanocrystals as efficient emitters covering blue to near infrared. J Am Chem Soc. 2007;129:15432\u20133.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"312_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11588","DOI":"10.1021\/ja803687e","volume":"130","author":"L Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li L, Reiss P. One-pot synthesis of highly luminescent InP\/ZnS nanocrystals without precurser injection. J Am Chem Soc. 2008;130:11588\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"312_CR22","first-page":"3838","volume":"118","author":"A Thomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas A, Nair PV, Thomas KG. InP quantum dots: an environmentally friendly material with resonance energy transfer requisites. J Phys Chem. 2014;118:3838.","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"},{"key":"312_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.200600307","volume":"7","author":"T Laaksonen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Laaksonen T, Ahonen P, Johans C, Kontturi K. Stability and electrostatics of mercaptoundecanoic acid-capped gold nanoparticles with varying counterion size. ChemPhysChem. 2006;7:2143\u20139.","journal-title":"ChemPhysChem"},{"key":"312_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3181\/0708-RM-220","volume":"233","author":"RS Shih","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shih RS, Wong SH, Schoene NW, Lei KY. Suppression of Gadd45 alleviates the G2\/M blockage and the enhanced phosphorylation of p53 and p38 in zinc supplemented normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2008;233:317\u201327.","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"312_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2009.06.020","volume":"23","author":"KG Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li KG, Chen JT, Bai SS, Wen X, Song SY, Yu Q, Li J, Wang YQ. Intracellular oxidative stress and cadmium ions release induce cytotoxicity of unmodified cadmium sulfide quantum dots. Toxicol In Vitro. 2009;23:1007\u201313.","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"312_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2005.09.008","volume":"12","author":"J Lovri\u0107","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lovri\u0107 J, Cho SJ, Winnik FM, Maysinger D. Unmodified cadmium telluride quantum dots induce reactive oxygen species formation leading to multiple organelle damage and cell death. Chem Biol. 2005;12:1227.","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"312_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2011.01.015","volume":"282","author":"M Yan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yan M, Zhang Y, Xu K, Fu T, Qin H, Zheng X. An in vitro study of vascular endothelial toxicity of CdTe quantum dots. Toxicology. 2011;282:94\u2013103.","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"312_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2012.711862","volume":"7","author":"E Chau","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chau E, Galloway JF, Nelson A, Breysse PN, Wirtz D, Searson PC, Sidhaye VK. Effect of modifying quantum dot surface charge on airway epithelial cell uptake in vitro. Nanotoxicology. 2012;7:1143\u201351.","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"312_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1021\/ja9034973","volume":"132","author":"B Mahler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mahler B, Lequeus N, Dubertret B. Ligand-controlled polytypism of thick-shell CdSe\/CdS nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:953\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"312_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1021\/cm034081k","volume":"15","author":"W Yu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yu W, Qu L, Guo W, Peng X. Experimental determination of the extinction coefficient of CdTe, CdSe and CdS nanocrystals. Chem Mater. 2003;15:2854\u201360.","journal-title":"Chem Mater"},{"key":"312_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.08.021","volume":"234","author":"R Martin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martin R, Wang HL, Gao J, Iyer S, Montano GA, Martinez J, Shreve AP, Bao Y, Wang C-C, Chang Z, Gao Y, Iyer R. Impact of physiochemical properties of engineered fullerenes on key biological responses. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009;234:58\u201367.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"312_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.12.025","volume":"244","author":"J Gao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gao J, Wang HL, Shreve A, Iyer R. Fullerene derivatives induce premature senescence: a new toxicity paradign or novel biomedical applications. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010;244:130\u201343.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nanobiotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T18:32:12Z","timestamp":1589481132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-017-0312-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 August 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"79"}}