{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T01:43:25Z","timestamp":1790991805087,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82172428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nanobiotechnol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T02:15:46Z","timestamp":1740708946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pectin-Zein-IPA nanoparticles promote functional recovery and alleviate neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xianghang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beini","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Al Mamun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyi","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengfu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anyu","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqin","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangshuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"3224_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8010670","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8010670","volume":"2022","author":"X Feng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Feng X, Chen X, Zaeem M, et al. Sesamol attenuates neuroinflammation by regulating the AMPK\/SIRT1\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway after spinal cord Injury in mice. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:8010670.","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-023-00466-5","volume":"9","author":"Y Jing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jing Y, Yang D, Bai F, et al. Spinal cord injury-induced gut dysbiosis influences neurological recovery partly through short-chain fatty acids. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023;9(1):99.","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"3224_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106377","volume":"183","author":"N He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He N, Shen G, Jin X, et al. Resveratrol suppresses microglial activation and promotes functional recovery of traumatic spinal cord via improving intestinal microbiota. Pharmacol Res. 2022;183:106377.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-023-01014-0","volume":"16","author":"G Kong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kong G, Zhang W, Zhang S, et al. The gut microbiota and metabolite profiles are altered in patients with spinal cord injury. Mol Brain. 2023;16(1):26.","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2020.1769949","volume":"45","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li J, Van Der Pol W, Eraslan M, et al. Comparison of the gut microbiome composition among individuals with acute or long-standing spinal cord injury vs. able-bodied controls. J Spinal Cord Med. 2022;45(1):91\u20139.","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"3224_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872935","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.872935","volume":"16","author":"ZJ Rong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rong ZJ, Cai HH, Wang H, et al. Ursolic acid ameliorates spinal cord Injury in mice by regulating gut microbiota and metabolic changes. Front Cell Neurosci. 2022;16:872935.","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01007-y","volume":"9","author":"Y Jing","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jing Y, Yu Y, Bai F, et al. Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on neurological restoration in a spinal cord injury mouse model: involvement of brain-gut axis. Microbiome. 2021;9(1):59.","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"12","key":"3224_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20151345","volume":"213","author":"KA Kigerl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kigerl KA, Hall JC, Wang L, et al. Gut dysbiosis impairs recovery after spinal cord injury. J Exp Med. 2016;213(12):2603\u201320.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3224_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2022.2128010","volume":"26","author":"AR Moravejolahkami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moravejolahkami AR, Chitsaz A, Hassanzadeh A, et al. Effects of Anti-inflammatory-antioxidant-rich diet and co-supplemented synbiotics intervention in patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis: a single-center, single-blind randomized clinical trial. Nutr Neurosci. 2023;26(11):1078\u201389.","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"3224_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen X, Wang B, Mao Y et al. Zein nanoparticles loaded with chloroquine improve functional recovery and attenuate neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. Chem Eng J. 2022;450.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.137882"},{"issue":"12","key":"3224_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4108","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.15535","volume":"85","author":"M Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li M, Yu M. Development of a nanoparticle delivery system based on zein\/polysaccharide complexes. J Food Sci. 2020;85(12):4108\u201317.","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"key":"3224_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Houron C, Ciocan D, Trainel N et al. Gut microbiota reshaped by Pectin Treatment improves liver steatosis in obese mice. Nutrients. 2021;13(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113725"},{"key":"3224_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren Y, Mao S, Zeng Y et al. Pectin from Citrus Unshiu Marc. Alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating the gut microbiota and metabolites. Foods. 2023;12(22).","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12224094"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"3224_CR14","first-page":"793","volume":"40","author":"KD Raue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Raue KD, David BT, Fessler RG. Spinal cord-gut-Immune Axis and its implications regarding Therapeutic Development for spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2023;40(9\u201310):793\u2013806.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"7919","key":"3224_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04884-x","volume":"607","author":"E Serger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Serger E, Luengo-Gutierrez L, Chadwick JS, et al. The gut metabolite indole-3 propionate promotes nerve regeneration and repair. Nature. 2022;607(7919):585\u201392.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3224_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2021.105403","volume":"156","author":"MA Pappolla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pappolla MA, Perry G, Fang X, et al. Indoles as essential mediators in the gut-brain axis. Their role in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2021;156:105403.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3224_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812874106","volume":"106","author":"WR Wikoff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wikoff WR, Anfora AT, Liu J, et al. Metabolomics analysis reveals large effects of gut microflora on mammalian blood metabolites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(10):3698\u2013703.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.1c01233","volume":"23","author":"A Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu A, Chen C, Lu J, et al. Preparation of oral core-Shell Zein Nanoparticles to improve the bioavailability of Glycyrrhizic Acid for the treatment of Ulcerative colitis. Biomacromolecules. 2022;23(1):210\u201325.","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"issue":"6","key":"3224_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000412","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000412","volume":"8","author":"C Kilkenny","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kilkenny C, Browne WJ, Cuthill IC, et al. Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research. PLoS Biol. 2010;8(6):e1000412.","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3224_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6012","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27233","volume":"234","author":"W Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang W, Li M, He F, et al. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates spinal cord injury-induced lung injury in mice. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234(5):6012\u201322.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3224_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.23.635","volume":"23","author":"DM Basso","year":"2006","unstructured":"Basso DM, Fisher LC, Anderson AJ, et al. Basso Mouse Scale for locomotion detects differences in recovery after spinal cord injury in five common mouse strains. J Neurotrauma. 2006;23(5):635\u201359.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30467-5","volume":"13","author":"I Francos-Quijorna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Francos-Quijorna I, Sanchez-Petidier M, Burnside ER, et al. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans prevent immune cell phenotypic conversion and inflammation resolution via TLR4 in rodent models of spinal cord injury. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):2933.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3224_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121481","volume":"284","author":"ZS Ji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ji ZS, Gao GB, Ma YM, et al. Highly bioactive iridium metal-complex alleviates spinal cord injury via ROS scavenging and inflammation reduction. Biomaterials. 2022;284:121481.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"41","key":"3224_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2102102","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202102102","volume":"17","author":"K Shen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shen K, Sun G, Chan L, et al. Anti-inflammatory nanotherapeutics by targeting Matrix metalloproteinases for Immunotherapy of spinal Cord Injury. Small. 2021;17(41):e2102102.","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"2","key":"3224_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.89008","volume":"14","author":"Y Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun Y, Liu Q, Qin Y, et al. Exosomes derived from CD271(+)CD56(+) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell subpopoulation identified by single-cell RNA sequencing promote axon regeneration after spinal cord injury. Theranostics. 2024;14(2):510\u201327.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"3","key":"3224_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.02.002","volume":"31","author":"Q Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han Q, Xie Y, Ordaz JD, et al. Restoring Cellular Energetics promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal Cord Injury. Cell Metab. 2020;31(3):623\u201341. e8.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"3224_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206909","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1206909","volume":"14","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhao X, Zhou R, et al. Gut microbiota and transcriptome dynamics in every-other-day fasting are associated with neuroprotection in rats with spinal cord injury. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1206909.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3224_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.355769","volume":"18","author":"JN Kang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kang JN, Sun ZF, Li XY, et al. Alterations in gut microbiota are related to metabolite profiles in spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18(5):1076\u201383.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"issue":"6364","key":"3224_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao3265","volume":"358","author":"X Gu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gu X, Orozco JM, Saxton RA, et al. SAMTOR is an S-adenosylmethionine sensor for the mTORC1 pathway. Science. 2017;358(6364):813\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309682","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2309682","volume":"16","author":"A Gur Arie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gur Arie A, Toren T, Hadar R, et al. Lack of gut microbiome recovery with spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Gut Microbes. 2024;16(1):2309682.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"6","key":"3224_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2024.111472","volume":"55","author":"M Baroudi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baroudi M, Rezk A, Daher M, et al. Management of traumatic spinal cord injury: a current concepts review of contemporary and future treatment. Injury. 2024;55(6):111472.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"3224_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.09.009","volume":"23","author":"B Guan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guan B, Fan Y, Zheng R, et al. A critical appraisal of clinical practice guidelines on pharmacological treatments for spinal cord injury. Spine J. 2023;23(3):392\u2013402.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.13004\/kjnt.2022.18.e21","volume":"18","author":"BJ Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee BJ, Jeong JH, Review. Steroid use in patients with Acute spinal cord Injury and Guideline update. Korean J Neurotrauma. 2022;18(1):22\u201330.","journal-title":"Korean J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"3224_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2021.03.010","volume":"32","author":"NL Martirosyan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martirosyan NL. Pharmacologic and cell-based therapies for Acute spinal cord Injury. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2021;32(3):389\u201395.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"3224_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040408.204","volume":"17","author":"T Takami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Takami T, Shimokawa N, Parthiban J, et al. Pharmacologic and regenerative cell therapy for spinal cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee recommendations. Neurospine. 2020;17(4):785\u201396.","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"7","key":"3224_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-022-00720-9","volume":"24","author":"AX Thomas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thomas AX, Riviello JJ Jr., Davila-Williams D, et al. Pharmacologic and Acute Management of spinal cord Injury in adults and children. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2022;24(7):285\u2013304.","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429754","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2429754","volume":"16","author":"L Yao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yao L, Devotta H, Li J, et al. Dysrupted microbial tryptophan metabolism associates with SARS-CoV-2 acute inflammatory responses and long COVID. Gut Microbes. 2024;16(1):2429754.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"3224_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129851","volume":"261","author":"Z Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang Z, Zhang Y, Jin G, et al. Insights into the impact of modification methods on the structural characteristics and health functions of pectin: a comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;261(Pt 2):129851.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"45","key":"3224_CR39","first-page":"17080","volume":"71","author":"D Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang D, Wang J, Wu Y, et al. Amelioration of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury via attenuating oxidative damage and modulating inflammation by means of Ursodeoxycholic Acid-Zein nanoparticles. J Agric Food Chem. 2023;71(45):17080\u201396.","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"3224_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0216-x","volume":"29","author":"X Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang X, Sun G, Feng T, et al. Sodium oligomannate therapeutically remodels gut microbiota and suppresses gut bacterial amino acids-shaped neuroinflammation to inhibit Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression. Cell Res. 2019;29(10):787\u2013803.","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03254-w","volume":"21","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Li M, Li X, et al. Glutamine metabolism modulates microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activity through mitophagy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Neuroinflammation. 2024;21(1):261.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"3224_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01257-6","volume":"28","author":"X Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu X, Ocansey DKW, Pei B, et al. Resveratrol alleviates DSS-induced IBD in mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota-macrophage-arginine metabolism axis. Eur J Med Res. 2023;28(1):319.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nanobiotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T13:59:01Z","timestamp":1740751141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03224-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental protocols and procedures were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee at Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, (No. wydw2018-0043), and in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) [].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"152"}}