{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:19:25Z","timestamp":1787242765125,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20251694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20251694"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20251689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20251689"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20230840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20230840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025M773587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M773587"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Research Personnel Cultivation Programme of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University","award":["CZXM-GSP-RC180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZXM-GSP-RC180"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["KYCX25_0525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX25_0525"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82302609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82302609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82373781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Jiangsu Province High-Level Hospital Pairing Assistance Construction Funds","award":["zdyyxy10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["zdyyxy10"]}]},{"name":"Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Jiangsu Province High-Level Hospital Pairing Assistance Construction Funds","award":["zdlyg09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["zdlyg09"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit","award":["JSDW202240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSDW202240"]}]},{"name":"the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine","award":["JSKLCCM202202015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSKLCCM202202015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nanobiotechnol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T03:57:21Z","timestamp":1778299041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Design and evaluation of a bifunctional fusion polypeptide for targeted delivery of tigecycline against drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Meiling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaya","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GuliNazhaer","family":"Abudushalamu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengfeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"4497_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35306","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c04944","volume":"13","author":"Y Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie Y, Zhang Q, Zheng W, Jiang X. Small molecule-capped gold nanoclusters for curing skin infections. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021;13:35306\u201314.","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"4497_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00008-23","volume":"36","author":"L Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding L, Shen S, Chen J, Tian Z, Shi Q, Han R, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase variants: the new threat to global public health. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2023;36:e0000823.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"4497_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2024.127839","volume":"288","author":"TY Lei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lei TY, Liao BB, Yang LR, Wang Y, Chen XB. Hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: a global public health threat. Microbiol Res. 2024;288:127839.","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"4497_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00649-x","volume":"20","author":"DGJ Larsson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Larsson DGJ, Flach CF. Antibiotic resistance in the environment. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022;20:257\u201369.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4497_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00876-6","volume":"403","author":"IN Okeke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okeke IN, de Kraker MEA, Van Boeckel TP, Kumar CK, Schmitt H, Gales AC, et al. The scope of the antimicrobial resistance challenge. Lancet. 2024;403:2426\u201338.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4497_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00399-6","volume":"22","author":"M Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang M, Earley M, Chen L, Hanson BM, Yu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22:401\u201312.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"4497_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad500.1637","author":"C Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang C, Liu Y-Q, Zhao H, Wang G-Q. 1808. Burden of infectious diseases and bacterial antimicrobial resistance in China, 2019: a systematic analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ofid\/ofad500.1637.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"4497_CR8","volume":"43","author":"C Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang C, Fu X, Liu Y, Zhao H, Wang G. Burden of infectious diseases and bacterial antimicrobial resistance in China: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024;43:100972.","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"4497_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.04.012","volume":"29","author":"X Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang X, Dong N, Chan EW, Zhang R, Chen S. Carbapenem resistance-encoding and virulence-encoding conjugative plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Trends Microbiol. 2021;29:65\u201383.","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"4497_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.160461","volume":"860","author":"T Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li T, Wang Z, Guo J, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Wang J, Han B, et al. Bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents: mechanisms, control strategies, and implications for global health. Sci Total Environ. 2023;860:160461.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4497_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-76320-6_2","volume-title":"Biochemistry of drug resistance","author":"MZ Ahmed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmed MZ, Rao T, Ahmad W, Hameed S, Anayat S, Altaq A, et al. Drugs resistance in bacterial diseases. In: Ahmed S, Ojha SC, Najam-ul-Haq M, Younus M, Hashmi MZ, editors., et al., Biochemistry of drug resistance. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021. p. 33\u201356."},{"key":"4497_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1937327","volume":"10","author":"X Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin X, Chen Q, Shen F, Jiang Y, Wu X, Hua X, et al. Resistance evolution of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 during treatment with tigecycline and polymyxin. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021;10:1129\u201336.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"4497_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-021-00408-8","volume":"10","author":"AE Maraolo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maraolo AE, Corcione S, Grossi A, Signori A, Alicino C, Hussein K, et al. The impact of carbapenem resistance on mortality in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection: an individual patient data meta-analysis of 1952 patients. Infect Dis Ther. 2021;10:541\u201358.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"4497_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.2165\/0003495-200868180-00008","volume":"68","author":"K McKeage","year":"2008","unstructured":"McKeage K, Keating GM. Tigecycline: in community-acquired pneumonia. Drugs. 2008;68:2633\u201344.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4497_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02373-z","volume":"22","author":"X Lan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lan X, Qin S, Liu H, Guo M, Zhang Y, Jin X, et al. Dual-targeting tigecycline nanoparticles for treating intracranial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. J Nanobiotechnol. 2024;22:138.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4497_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1141490","volume":"13","author":"C Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun C, Yu Y, Hua X. Resistance mechanisms of tigecycline in Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13:1141490.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"4497_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/11597960-000000000-00000","volume":"72","author":"C Schultsz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schultsz C, Geerlings S. Plasmid-mediated resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: changing landscape and implications for therapy. Drugs. 2012;72:1\u201316.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4497_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565180-00008","volume":"65","author":"JE Frampton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Frampton JE, Curran MP. Tigecycline. Drugs. 2005;65:2623\u201335 (discussion 2636-2627).","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4497_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009961","volume":"97","author":"TT Geng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Geng TT, Xu X, Huang M. High-dose tigecycline for the treatment of nosocomial carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: a retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e9961.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"4497_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1413563","volume":"16","author":"HH Zhuang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhuang HH, Chen QH, Wang W, Qu Q, Xu WX, Hu Q, et al. The efficacy of polymyxin B in treating stroke-associated pneumonia with carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections: a multicenter real-world study using propensity score matching. Front Pharmacol. 2025;16:1413563.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4497_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1533952","volume":"16","author":"WM Long","year":"2025","unstructured":"Long WM, Xu WX, Hu Q, Qu Q, Wu XL, Chen Y, et al. The efficacy and safety of ceftazidime\/avibactam or polymyxin B based regimens for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: a multicenter real-world and propensity score-matched study. Front Pharmacol. 2025;16:1533952.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4497_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-021-2397-z","volume":"41","author":"ZQ Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang ZQ, Guo ZL, Feng H, Fu C, Zhao GY, Ma K, et al. Treatment of donor-derived carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection after renal transplantation with tigecycline and extended-infusion meropenem. Curr Med Sci. 2021;41:770\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"key":"4497_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-009-3854-6","volume":"21","author":"NL Ignjatovi\u0107","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ignjatovi\u0107 NL, Ninkov P, Sabetrasekh R, Uskokovi\u0107 DP. A novel nano drug delivery system based on tigecycline-loaded calciumphosphate coated with poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2010;21:231\u20139.","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Mater Med"},{"key":"4497_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-02812-1","volume":"23","author":"AM Abo Kamer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abo Kamer AM, Amer NM, Abdelmegeed AA, El Maghraby GM, Gamaleldin NM. Surfactant nanovesicles for augmented antibacterial activity against carbapenemase resistant enterobacteriaceae and extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing bacteria: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. BMC Microbiol. 2023;23:73.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"4497_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28283","volume":"120","author":"L Colomina-Alfaro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Colomina-Alfaro L, Marchesan S, Stamboulis A, Bandiera A. Smart tools for antimicrobial peptides expression and application: the elastic perspective. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2023;120:323\u201332.","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"4497_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.2715","volume":"9","author":"JR Simon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Simon JR, Carroll NJ, Rubinstein M, Chilkoti A, L\u00f3pez GP. Programming molecular self-assembly of intrinsically disordered proteins containing sequences of low complexity. Nat Chem. 2017;9:509\u201315.","journal-title":"Nat Chem"},{"key":"4497_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1021\/bm4007166","volume":"14","author":"JR McDaniel","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDaniel JR, Radford DC, Chilkoti A. A unified model for de novo design of elastin-like polypeptides with tunable inverse transition temperatures. Biomacromol. 2013;14:2866\u201372.","journal-title":"Biomacromol"},{"key":"4497_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42004-024-01270-8","volume":"7","author":"C Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen C, Ganar KA, de Haas RJ, Jarnot N, Hogeveen E, de Vries R, et al. Elastin-like polypeptide coacervates as reversibly triggerable compartments for synthetic cells. Commun Chem. 2024;7:198.","journal-title":"Commun Chem"},{"key":"4497_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.12.007","volume":"97","author":"JC Rodr\u00edguez-Cabello","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Cabello JC, Arias FJ, Rodrigo MA, Girotti A. Elastin-like polypeptides in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016;97:85\u2013100.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4497_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.06.028","volume":"190","author":"SR MacEwan","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacEwan SR, Chilkoti A. Applications of elastin-like polypeptides in drug delivery. J Control Release. 2014;190:314\u201330.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4497_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8966","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB00319E","volume":"12","author":"L Colomina-Alfaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Colomina-Alfaro L, Sist P, D\u2019Andrea P, Urbani R, Marchesan S, Stamboulis A, et al. Materials derived from the human elastin-like polypeptide fusion with an antimicrobial peptide strongly promote cell adhesion. J Mater Chem B. 2024;12:8966\u201376.","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"key":"4497_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202300236","volume":"24","author":"L Colomina-Alfaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Colomina-Alfaro L, Sist P, Marchesan S, Urbani R, Stamboulis A, Bandiera A. A versatile elastin-like carrier for bioactive antimicrobial peptide production and delivery. Macromol Biosci. 2024;24:e2300236.","journal-title":"Macromol Biosci"},{"key":"4497_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.05.028","volume":"175","author":"C Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang C, Hong T, Cui P, Wang J, Xia J. Antimicrobial peptides towards clinical application: delivery and formulation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021;175:113818.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"4497_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.137682","volume":"283","author":"L Colomina-Alfaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Colomina-Alfaro L, Sist P, Ivask A, Raid B, Ainelo H, Shaalan A, et al. Comparison of the activity of two elastin-like recombinant carriers fused to the antimicrobial peptide indolicidin. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;283:137682.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"4497_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0028-x","volume":"7","author":"M Nishita","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishita M, Park S-Y, Nishio T, Kamizaki K, Wang Z, Tamada K, et al. Ror2 signaling regulates Golgi structure and transport through IFT20 for tumor invasiveness. Sci Rep. 2017;7:1.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4497_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041522","volume":"22","author":"R Dash","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dash R, Bhattacharjya S. Thanatin: an emerging host defense antimicrobial peptide with multiple modes of action. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:1522.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4497_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-020-00694-2","volume":"17","author":"F Fiorentino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fiorentino F, Sauer JB, Qiu X, Corey RA, Cassidy CK, Mynors-Wallis B, et al. Dynamics of an LPS translocon induced by substrate and an antimicrobial peptide. Nat Chem Biol. 2021;17:187\u201395.","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol"},{"key":"4497_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31500-3","volume":"13","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang X, Xu X, Zhang S, Chen N, Sun Y, Ma K, et al. TPGS-based and S-thanatin functionalized nanorods for overcoming drug resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia. Nat Commun. 2022;13:3731.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4497_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2011.03.019","volume":"32","author":"G Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu G, Li X, Fan X, Wu H, Wang S, Shen Z, et al. The activity of antimicrobial peptide S-thanatin is independent on multidrug-resistant spectrum of bacteria. Peptides. 2011;32:1139\u201345.","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"4497_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18102-6","volume":"7","author":"S Sinha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sinha S, Zheng L, Mu Y, Ng WJ, Bhattacharjya S. Structure and interactions of a host defense antimicrobial peptide Thanatin in lipopolysaccharide micelles reveal mechanism of bacterial cell agglutination. Sci Rep. 2017;7:17795.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4497_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2209","volume":"39","author":"BT Tsuji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsuji BT, Pogue JM, Zavascki AP, Paul M, Daikos GL, Forrest A, et al. International consensus guidelines for the optimal use of the polymyxins: endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), International Society for Anti-infective Pharmacology (ISAP), Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP). Pharmacotherapy. 2019;39:10\u201339.","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"4497_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00249","volume":"6","author":"X Fan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fan X, Fan J, Wang X, Wu P, Wu G. S-thanatin functionalized liposome potentially targeting on Klebsiella pneumoniae and its application in sepsis mouse model. Front Pharmacol. 2015;6:249.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4497_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2020.102157","volume":"279","author":"R Khalifehzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khalifehzadeh R, Arami H. Biodegradable calcium phosphate nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020;279:102157.","journal-title":"Adv Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"4497_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146246","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Y, Xing Y, Han J, Liu S, Xiang X, Shen J, et al. Multifunctional MMP9-responsive silicasomes-GelMA hydrogels with bacteria-targeting capability and tissue restoration function for chronic wound infection. Chem Eng J. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146246.","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"4497_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1021\/nl300630c","volume":"12","author":"DJ Callahan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Callahan DJ, Liu W, Li X, Dreher MR, Hassouneh W, Kim M, et al. Triple stimulus-responsive polypeptide nanoparticles that enhance intratumoral spatial distribution. Nano Lett. 2012;12:2165\u201370.","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"key":"4497_CR46","first-page":"71","volume":"9","author":"J Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu J, Xie L. Advances in immune response to pulmonary infection: nonspecificity, specificity and memory. Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2023;9:71\u201381.","journal-title":"Chronic Dis Transl Med"},{"key":"4497_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-8-12","volume":"8","author":"B Schaaf","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schaaf B, Liebau C, Kurowski V, Droemann D, Dalhoff K. Hospital acquired pneumonia with high-risk bacteria is associated with increased pulmonary matrix metalloproteinase activity. BMC Pulm Med. 2008;8:12.","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"4497_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08931-4","volume":"24","author":"L Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai L, Zuo X, Ma L, Zhang Y, Xu F, Lu B. Associations of MMP9 polymorphism with the risk of severe pneumonia in a Southern Chinese children population. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24:19.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"4497_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106397","volume":"185","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhu R, Liu X, Li D, Guo M, Fei B, et al. Effect of piperine on the inhibitory potential of MexAB-OprM efflux pump and imipenem resistance in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microb Pathog. 2023;185:106397.","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"4497_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3590","DOI":"10.1021\/jf980154m","volume":"46","author":"IM Helander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Helander IM, Alakomi HL, Latva-Kala K, Mattila-Sandholm T, Pol I, Smid EJ, et al. Characterization of the action of selected essential oil components on gram-negative bacteria. J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46:3590\u20135.","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"4497_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00085-10","volume":"54","author":"M Hentschke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hentschke M, Wolters M, Sobottka I, Rohde H, Aepfelbacher M. ramR mutations in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to tigecycline. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:2720\u20133.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"4497_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-024-00711-5","volume":"23","author":"R Mohammed","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mohammed R, Nader SM, Hamza DA, Sabry MA. Occurrence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in oysters in Egypt: a significant public health issue. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2024;23:53.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"4497_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S475630","volume":"17","author":"M Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei M, Chen X, Liu J, Li T, Wang P, Wang S, et al. Development and validation of a novel multiplex real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of carbapenemase genes in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates and clinical samples. Infect Drug Resist. 2024;17:3451\u201362.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"4497_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-05149-x","volume":"28","author":"W Fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fan W, Gui B, Zhou X, Li L, Chen H. A narrative review on lung injury: mechanisms, biomarkers, and monitoring. Crit Care. 2024;28:352.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"4497_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard A, Reza N, Aston S, Woods B, Gerada A, Buchan I, Hope W, M\u00e4rtson A-G. Antimicrobial treatment imprecision: an outcome-based model to close the data-to-action loop. The Lancet Infect Dis 2023.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00367-5"},{"key":"4497_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100748","volume":"18","author":"T Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang T, Nickerson R, Zhang W, Peng X, Shang Y, Zhou Y, et al. The impacts of animal agriculture on One Health\u2014bacterial zoonosis, antimicrobial resistance, and beyond. One Health. 2024;18:100748.","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"4497_CR57","unstructured":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050. Lancet 2024;404:1199\u20131226."},{"key":"4497_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.131673","volume":"268","author":"GR Nirmal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nirmal GR, Lin Z-C, Chiu T-S, Alalaiwe A, Liao C-C, Fang J-Y. Chemo-photothermal therapy of chitosan\/gold nanorod clusters for antibacterial treatment against the infection of planktonic and biofilm MRSA. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;268:131673.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"4497_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S505311","volume":"18","author":"Y Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang Y, Li C, Fan X, Long W, Hu Y, Wang Y, et al. Effectiveness of Omadacycline in a patient with Chlamydia psittaci and KPC-producing Gram-negative bacteria infection. Infect Drug Resist. 2025;18:903\u20138.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"4497_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.811381","volume":"12","author":"Y Haitao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haitao Y, Yifan C, Mingchao S, Shuaijuan H. A novel polymeric nanohybrid antimicrobial engineered by antimicrobial peptide MccJ25 and chitosan nanoparticles exerts strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Front Immunol. 2021;12:811381.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4497_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.002","volume":"354","author":"J Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei J, Zhu L, Lu Q, Li G, Zhou Y, Yang Y, et al. Recent progress and applications of poly(beta amino esters)-based biomaterials. J Control Release. 2023;354:337\u201353.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4497_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202100081","volume":"21","author":"M Abdelghani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdelghani M, Shao J, Le DHT, Wu H, van Hest JCM. Self-assembly or coassembly of multiresponsive histidine-containing elastin-like polypeptide block copolymers. Macromol Biosci. 2021;21:e2100081.","journal-title":"Macromol Biosci"},{"key":"4497_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3678","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.2c00562","volume":"23","author":"DR Dautel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dautel DR, Heller WT, Champion JA. Protein vesicles with pH-responsive disassembly. Biomacromol. 2022;23:3678\u201387.","journal-title":"Biomacromol"},{"key":"4497_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.12.033","volume":"353","author":"J van Strien","year":"2023","unstructured":"van Strien J, Escalona-Rayo O, Jiskoot W, Sl\u00fctter B, Kros A. Elastin-like polypeptide-based micelles as a promising platform in nanomedicine. J Control Release. 2023;353:713\u201326.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4497_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6356","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TB00190H","volume":"5","author":"K Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang K, Zhu L, Wang Y, Mo R, Hua Z. Targeted delivery and release of doxorubicin using a pH-responsive and self-assembling copolymer. J Mater Chem B. 2017;5:6356\u201365.","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"key":"4497_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1039\/C7PY00330G","volume":"8","author":"W Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen W, Ji S, Qian X, Zhang Y, Li C, Wu W, et al. Phenylboronic acid-incorporated elastin-like polypeptide nanoparticle drug delivery systems. Polym Chem. 2017;8:2105\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C7PY00330G.","journal-title":"Polym Chem"},{"key":"4497_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1113079","volume":"13","author":"A Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang A, Guan X, He L, Guan X. Engineered elastin-like polypeptides: An efficient platform for enhanced cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1113079.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4497_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engmic.2024.100165","volume":"4","author":"W Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su W, Wang W, Li L, Zhang M, Xu H, Fu C, et al. Mechanisms of tigecycline resistance in Gram-negative bacteria: A narrative review. Eng Microbiol. 2024;4:100165.","journal-title":"Eng Microbiol"},{"key":"4497_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01205-23","volume":"14","author":"C Maher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maher C, Hassan KA. The Gram-negative permeability barrier: tipping the balance of the in and the out. MBio. 2023;14:e0120523.","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"4497_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.0c00805","volume":"7","author":"LW Chan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chan LW, Hern KE, Ngambenjawong C, Lee K, Kwon EJ, Hung DT, et al. Selective permeabilization of Gram-negative bacterial membranes using multivalent peptide constructs for antibiotic sensitization. ACS Infect Dis. 2021;7:721\u201332.","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"4497_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.11.009","volume":"35","author":"G Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu G, Fan X, Li L, Wang H, Ding J, Hongbin W, et al. Interaction of antimicrobial peptide s-thanatin with lipopolysaccharide in vitro and in an experimental mouse model of septic shock caused by a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of Escherichia coli. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010;35:250\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nanobiotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:02:21Z","timestamp":1783040541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04497-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All surgical procedures and in vivo experiments were conducted following the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of Southeast University (SEU-IACUC-20250422002).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"609"}}