{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T23:28:37Z","timestamp":1793489317532,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":88,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82171581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171581"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","award":["S202410533139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S202410533139"]}]},{"name":"the Innovation Training Program for College Students, Central South University","award":["X202510533658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X202510533658"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f1zfq44","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Hunan Provincial Basic Education Teaching Reform Research Project","award":["Y2024898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y2024898"]}]},{"name":"the Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform, Central South University","award":["2023jy100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jy100"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00f1zfq44","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["2022JJ40698"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ40698"]}]},{"name":"the Hunan Provincial College Students\u2019 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","award":["S202510533421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S202510533421"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nanobiotechnol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T10:08:54Z","timestamp":1784282934000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Membrane-coated Prussian blue nanocomplex with enhanced enzyme-mimic activity alleviates senile osteoporosis by reducing osteoprogenitor cell senescence and macrophage inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yihan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luhong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaona","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xintian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-3014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"4771_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e081250","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081250","volume":"390","author":"CWS Hoong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hoong CWS, Saul D, Khosla S, Sfeir JG. Advances in the management of osteoporosis. BMJ. 2025;390:e081250.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4771_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02646-5","volume":"399","author":"IR Reid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reid IR, Billington EO. Drug therapy for osteoporosis in older adults. Lancet. 2022;399:1080\u201392.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4771_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-023-00489-y","volume":"28","author":"J Riegger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Riegger J, Schoppa A, Ruths L, Haffner-Luntzer M, Ignatius A. Oxidative stress as a key modulator of cell fate decision in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: a narrative review. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2023;28:76.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol Lett"},{"key":"4771_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00727-x","volume":"25","author":"B Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang B, Han J, Elisseeff JH, Demaria M. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its physiological and pathological implications. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2024;25:958\u201378.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4771_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101608","volume":"77","author":"J Cui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cui J, Shibata Y, Zhu T, Zhou J, Zhang J. Osteocytes in bone aging: Advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev. 2022;77:101608.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4771_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabl6432","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl6432","volume":"7","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Deng Y, Liu Z, Yin M, Hou M, Zhao Z, Zhou X, Yin L. Cytokine-scavenging nanodecoys reconstruct osteoclast\/osteoblast balance toward the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Sci Adv. 2021;7:eabl6432.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"4771_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li K, Hu S, Huang J, Shi Y, Lin W, Liu X, Mao W, Wu C, Pan C, Xu Z et al. Targeting ROS-induced osteoblast senescence and RANKL production by Prussian blue nanozyme based gene editing platform to reverse osteoporosis. Nano Today. 2023;50.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2023.101839"},{"issue":"52","key":"4771_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202410931","volume":"34","author":"Shiyuan Liang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liang S, Chen L, Liu C, Guo B, Fan Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Luo D. Ultrathin ZIF-8 Coating\u2010Reinforced Enzyme Nanoformulation Avoids Lysosomal Degradation for Senile Osteoporosis Therapy. Adv Funct Mater. 2024;34:2410931. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.202410931","journal-title":"Advanced Functional Materials"},{"key":"4771_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28353","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c06549","volume":"19","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang W, Zhang X, Zhang L, Li Z, Wang L, Jiang X, Wu J, Zhou L, Guo Q, Huang Y, et al. An Immunomodulating Regenerating Hydrogel That Rescues the Oxidative Microenvironment and Reverses Cell Senescence for Osteoporotic Bone Defects. ACS Nano. 2025;19:28353\u201371.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4771_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5860","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b12070","volume":"138","author":"W Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang W, Hu S, Yin JJ, He W, Lu W, Ma M, Gu N, Zhang Y. Prussian Blue Nanoparticles as Multienzyme Mimetics and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers. J Am Chem Soc. 2016;138:5860\u20135.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"4771_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03235-y","volume":"23","author":"J Peng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Peng J, Liu R, Xu J, Yao Y, Li B, Chen D, Chang Z, Zhao R, Feng Y, Hou R, et al. Acid-responsive aggregated carrot-derived nanoantioxidants alleviate oxidative stress and restore osteoblast activity. J Nanobiotechnol. 2025;23:206.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4771_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101898","volume":"32","author":"Y Tian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tian Y, Lin Y, Liu H, He X, Zhu S, Dai L, Lu Y, Liu L, Liu B. Nerve growth factor-loaded biomimetic prussian blue nanocomplexes for reversing osteoporosis via promoting osteoblast precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. Mater Today Bio. 2025;32:101898.","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"4771_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01706-0","volume":"20","author":"Z Zeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng Z, Wang Z, Chen S, Xiao C, Liu M, Zhang J, Fan J, Zhao Y, Liu B. Bio-nanocomplexes with autonomous O(2) generation efficiently inhibit triple negative breast cancer through enhanced chemo-PDT. J Nanobiotechnol. 2022;20:500.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"4771_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2301178","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202301178","volume":"8","author":"Y Qu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qu Y, Chu B, Li J, Deng H, Niu T, Qian Z. Macrophage-Biomimetic Nanoplatform-Based Therapy for Inflammation-Associated Diseases. Small Methods. 2024;8:e2301178.","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"4771_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102241","volume":"95","author":"X Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang X, Zhang W. Macrophage membrane-camouflaged biomimetic nanovesicles for targeted treatment of arthritis. Ageing Res Rev. 2024;95:102241.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4771_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2305659","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202305659","volume":"20","author":"C Gu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gu C, Geng X, Wu Y, Dai Y, Zeng J, Wang Z, Fang H, Sun Y, Chen X. Engineered Macrophage Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles with Enhanced CCR2 Expression Promote Spinal Cord Injury Repair by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Neuronal death. Small. 2024;20:e2305659.","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"4771_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.016","volume":"348","author":"Y Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin Y, Yi O, Hu M, Hu S, Su Z, Liao J, Wang W, Wang S, Liu L, Liu B, Cai X. Multifunctional nanoparticles of sinomenine hydrochloride for treat-to-target therapy of rheumatoid arthritis via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines. J Control Release. 2022;348:42\u201356.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"4771_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(96)00036-8","volume":"32","author":"T Takeda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Takeda T, Hosokawa M, Higuchi K. Senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM): a novel murine model of senescence. Exp Gerontol. 1997;32:105\u20139.","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"4771_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.2c01377","volume":"66","author":"ZY Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou ZY, Sun LQ, Han XY, Wang YJ, Xie ZS, Xue ST, Li ZR. Efficacy, Mechanism, and Structure-Activity Relationship of 6-Methoxy Benzofuran Derivatives as a Useful Tool for Senile Osteoporosis. J Med Chem. 2023;66:1742\u201360.","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"4771_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03271-1","volume":"14","author":"M Sikora","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sikora M, \u015amieszek A, Pielok A, Marycz K. MiR-21-5p regulates the dynamic of mitochondria network and rejuvenates the senile phenotype of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from osteoporotic SAM\/P6 mice. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023;14:54.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"issue":"24","key":"4771_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14242021","volume":"14","author":"Anggi Muhtar Pratama","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pratama AM, B\u00f6mmel H, Wihadmadyatami H, Tjahjono Y, Erg\u00fcn S, Bachhuka A, Karnati S. Peroxisomes, PPARs, and Their Role in Macrophages. Cells. 2025;14:2021.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"4771_CR22","first-page":"71","volume":"48","author":"HY Kwon","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kwon HY, Jung Y, Jeon H, Han HS. Investigation into recent advanced strategies of reactive oxygen species-mediated therapy based on Prussian blue: Conceptualization and prospect. Bioact Mater. 2025;48:71\u201399.","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"4771_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.11.047","volume":"60","author":"W Peng","year":"2026","unstructured":"Peng W, Wang Z, Zhuang Z, Zeng S, Xia Y, Chen Q, Bai X, Tang Y, Huang C, Zhang X. Synergistic targeting of senolytic and senomorphic action with dual-engineered biomimetic macrophage nanovesicles for mitigating osteoarthritis. Bioactive Mater. 2026;60:20\u201339.","journal-title":"Bioactive Mater"},{"key":"4771_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25628","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c00216","volume":"19","author":"X Dong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dong X, Suo Y, Yu J, Yu F, Li F, Zheng J, Li G, Ma S, Hao Y, Zhang H, et al. Biomimetic Nanoparticles Simultaneously Targeting Modulation of Lipid Metabolism and Phenotype of Macrophages for Programmed Atherosclerosis Management. ACS Nano. 2025;19:25628\u201344.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"4771_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4385","volume":"23","author":"JN Farr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Farr JN, Xu M, Weivoda MM, Monroe DG, Fraser DG, Onken JL, Negley BA, Sfeir JG, Ogrodnik MB, Hachfeld CM, et al. Targeting cellular senescence prevents age-related bone loss in mice. Nat Med. 2017;23:1072\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"4771_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102558","volume":"102","author":"T von Zglinicki","year":"2024","unstructured":"von Zglinicki T. Oxidative stress and cell senescence as drivers of ageing: Chicken and egg. Ageing Res Rev. 2024;102:102558.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4771_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02253-4","volume":"10","author":"X Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu X, Pang Y, Fan X. Mitochondria in oxidative stress, inflammation and aging: from mechanisms to therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025;10:190.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4771_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00738-8","volume":"25","author":"V Suryadevara","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suryadevara V, Hudgins AD, Rajesh A, Pappalardo A, Karpova A, Dey AK, Hertzel A, Agudelo A, Rocha A, Soygur B, et al. SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2024;25:1001\u201323.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4771_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-024-00694-0","volume":"4","author":"J Hou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hou J, Chen KX, He C, Li XX, Huang M, Jiang YZ, Jiao YR, Xiao QN, He WZ, Liu L, et al. Aged bone marrow macrophages drive systemic aging and age-related dysfunction via extracellular vesicle-mediated induction of paracrine senescence. Nat Aging. 2024;4:1562\u201381.","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"4771_CR30","first-page":"42","volume":"55","author":"Y Liu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Liu Y, Duan J, Dang Y, Hao R, Wang H, Tan E, Wang R, Li Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, et al. Remodeling of senescent macrophages in synovium alleviates trauma- and aging-induced osteoarthritis. Bioact Mater. 2026;55:42\u201356.","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"4771_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.397","volume":"45","author":"Q Guan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guan Q, Zhang Y, Wang Z-K, Liu X-H, Zou J, Zhang L-L. Skeletal phenotypes and molecular mechanisms in aging mice. Zoological Res. 2024;45:724\u201346.","journal-title":"Zoological Res"},{"key":"4771_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2485\/jhtb.14.13","volume":"14","author":"Y Daigo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Daigo Y, Matsuura T, Sato H. Differential bone histomorphometric characters of the mandible in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP6 and SAMP8): murine models for senile osteoporosis and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Hard Tissue Biol. 2005;14:13\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hard Tissue Biol"},{"key":"4771_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-003-0471-1","volume":"22","author":"S Kasai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kasai S, Shimizu M, Matsumura T, Okudaira S, Matsushita M, Tsuboyama T, Nakamura T, Hosokawa M. Consistency of low bone density across bone sites in SAMP6 laboratory mice. J Bone Min Metab. 2004;22:207\u201314.","journal-title":"J Bone Min Metab"},{"key":"4771_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2024.08.009","volume":"49","author":"S Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma S, Lin J, Yang M, Wang J, Lu L, Liang Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Wang D, Yang Y. Zhuangyao Jianshen Wan ameliorates senile osteoporosis in SAMP6 mice through Modulation of the GCN5L1-mediated PI3K\/Akt\/wnt signaling pathway. J Orthop Translation. 2024;49:308\u201324.","journal-title":"J Orthop Translation"},{"key":"4771_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3452","volume":"19","author":"N Hustedt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hustedt N, Durocher D. The control of DNA repair by the cell cycle. Nat Cell Biol. 2016;19:1\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"4771_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02145-7","volume":"10","author":"Q Jiang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiang Q, Liu J, Huang S, Wang XY, Chen X, Liu GH, Ye K, Song W, Masters CL, Wang J, Wang YJ. Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025;10:76.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4771_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.11.035","volume":"139","author":"R Roskoski Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roskoski R Jr. Cyclin-dependent protein serine\/threonine kinase inhibitors as anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Res. 2019;139:471\u201388.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4771_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2019.03.005","volume":"5","author":"ES Knudsen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knudsen ES, Pruitt SC, Hershberger PA, Witkiewicz AK, Goodrich DW. Cell Cycle and Beyond: Exploiting New RB1 Controlled Mechanisms for Cancer Therapy. Trends Cancer. 2019;5:308\u201324.","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"4771_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08935-x","volume":"641","author":"D Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen D, Lu S, Huang K, Pearson JD, Pacal M, Peidis P, McCurdy S, Yu T, Sangwan M, Nguyen A, et al. Cell cycle duration determines oncogenic transformation capacity. Nature. 2025;641:1309\u201318.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4771_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2411162","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202411162","volume":"12","author":"H Gu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gu H, Li Q, Liu Z, Li Y, Liu K, Kong X, Zhang Y, Meng Q, Song K, Xie Q, et al. SPP1-ITG\u03b15\/\u03b21 Accelerates Calcification of Nucleus Pulposus Cells by Inhibiting Mitophagy via Ubiquitin-Dependent PINK1\/PARKIN Pathway Blockade. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025;12:e2411162.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"4771_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102626","volume":"52","author":"G Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shen G, Ren H, Shang Q, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Yu X, Tang K, Tang J, Yang Z, Liang D, Jiang X. Foxf1 knockdown promotes BMSC osteogenesis in part by activating the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signalling pathway and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss. EBioMedicine. 2020;52:102626.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"4771_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2021.100142","volume":"12","author":"C Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao C, Qiu P, Li M, Liang K, Tang Z, Chen P, Zhang J, Fan S, Lin X. The spatial form periosteal-bone complex promotes bone regeneration by coordinating macrophage polarization and osteogenic-angiogenic events. Mater Today Bio. 2021;12:100142.","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"4771_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-024-00320-0","volume":"12","author":"H Kang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kang H, Strong AL, Sun Y, Guo L, Juan C, Bancroft AC, Choi JH, Pagani CA, Fernandes AA, Woodard M, et al. The HIF-1\u03b1\/PLOD2 axis integrates extracellular matrix organization and cell metabolism leading to aberrant musculoskeletal repair. Bone Res. 2024;12:17.","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"4771_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66791-9","volume":"17","author":"P Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang P, Chen D, Fang Y, Li S, Zhou Z, Lu H, Cheng J, Wang H. Bone homeostasis regulation by in vivo generation of osteoclast-derived apoptotic bodies using targeted self-assembly. Nat Commun. 2025;17:88.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4771_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16038-6","volume":"11","author":"JM Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim JM, Yang YS, Park KH, Ge X, Xu R, Li N, Song M, Chun H, Bok S, Charles JF, et al. A RUNX2 stabilization pathway mediates physiologic and pathologic bone formation. Nat Commun. 2020;11:2289.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4771_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59579-4","volume":"16","author":"X Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang X, Rong K, Fu S, Yang Y, Liu S, Zhang C, Xu K, Zhang K, Zhu Y, Hao Y, et al. Engineered Spirulina platensis for treating rheumatoid arthritis and restoring bone homeostasis. Nat Commun. 2025;16:4434.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4771_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12527","volume":"591","author":"MG Dibley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dibley MG, Ryan MT, Stroud DA. A novel isoform of the human mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFV3. FEBS Lett. 2017;591:109\u201317.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"4771_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70300","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202402165RR","volume":"39","author":"J Yi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yi J, Gao W, Wu C, Yang R, Yu C. A multidimensional pan-cancer analysis of NDUFA4L2 and verification of the oncogenic value in colon cancer. Faseb j. 2025;39:e70300.","journal-title":"Faseb j"},{"key":"4771_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2205998","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202205998","volume":"19","author":"J Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang J, Chen X, Gao AL, Zhao H, Ge M, Li L, Yang M, Gong C, Gu Y, Xu Z. Alleviation of Photoreceptor Degeneration Based on Fullerenols in rd1 Mice by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Modulation of Mitochondrial DNA Transcription and Leakage. Small. 2023;19:e2205998.","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"4771_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155961","volume":"134","author":"L Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang L, Lai X, Jin S, Wang H, Lin F, Jin X, Chen Y, Wang R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, et al. Exploring the anti-ovarian aging mechanism of He\u2019s Yangchao formula: Insights from multi-omics analysis in naturally aged mice. Phytomedicine. 2024;134:155961.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"4771_CR51","first-page":"46","volume":"42","author":"LM Serfilippi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Serfilippi LM, Pallman DR, Russell B. Serum clinical chemistry and hematology reference values in outbred stocks of albino mice from three commonly used vendors and two inbred strains of albino mice. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 2003;42:46\u201352.","journal-title":"Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nanobiotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:12:04Z","timestamp":1791911524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-026-04771-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The animal use protocol has been approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China (No. 20240989), and none of the animal experiments violated the aims of the Declaration of Helsinki of the Ministry of Health.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"948"}}