{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T19:53:01Z","timestamp":1789242781725,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007941","name":"Addis Ababa University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Canada Research Chair in Economics of Infectious Diseases"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Qual Life Outcomes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients\u2019 health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health state utility values are critical inputs in the clinical and economic evaluation of treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, information on health state utility values is lacking in the context of Ethiopia. Here, we aimed to assess HRQoL and determine health state utility values and factors that influence the values among HIV\/AIDS patients in Ethiopia.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 511 HIV\/AIDS patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia. Patients aged 18\u00a0years or older were eligible for the interview and those who were mentally unstable and with hearing impairment were excluded from the study. We performed face-to-face interviews using EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) in combination with EuroQol-Visual Analog Scales (EQ-VAS). Level-specific disutility coefficients obtained from the general population were used for computing utility values. Patients\u2019 health profiles were described using percentages and different statistical analysis were conducted to determine factors associated with the EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS scores.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 511 patients participated in the study. A higher proportion of patients reported slight or more severe problems on the anxiety\/depression (55.2%) and pain\/discomfort (51.3%) dimensions. The overall median utility value of HIV\/AIDS patients was 0.94 (IQR\u2009=\u20090.87, 1) from the EQ-5D index and 80% (IQR\u2009=\u200970%, 90%) from the EQ-VAS scores. Demographic characteristics including age, occupational status, and household monthly income significantly affected patient\u2019s utility values. Moreover, statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) differences were seen between the EQ-5D index values of patients with different CD4 count intervals. Furthermore, number of medicines that the patients were taking at the time of the study and comorbidities were significantly associated with the EQ-5D utility index and EQ-VAS score, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The anxiety\/depression and pain\/ discomfort dimensions were identified to have critical influence in reducing the HRQoL of adult HIV\/AIDS patients in the context of Ethiopia. The study is also the first to use the EQ-5D-5L tool to identify health state utility values for Ethiopian adult HIV\/AIDS patients. Future economic evaluations of HIV\/AIDS interventions are encouraged to employ the identified utility values.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01670-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T19:03:01Z","timestamp":1611082981000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Health-related quality of life of patients with HIV\/AIDS at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5473-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yared Belete","family":"Belay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eskinder Eshetu","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gebremedhin Beedemariam","family":"Gebretekle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1670_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30366-7","volume":"6","author":"TD Frank","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frank TD, Carter A, Jahagirdar D, Biehl MH, Douwes-Schultz D, Larson SL, Arora M, Dwyer-Lindgren L, Steuben KM, Abbastabar H, Abu-Raddad LJ. 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Permission was also sought from the study hospital and participants were asked for verbal consent before an interview. Patient privacy and confidentiality were secured by interviewing the participant in a separate place from the waiting area. Access of data was limited only for the research team.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The project was designed and conducted without any interference from funding organization and the authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"24"}}