{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T21:35:00Z","timestamp":1789594500052,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Qual Life Outcomes"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T10:02:38Z","timestamp":1730196158000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessment of health-related quality of life of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and their caregivers in China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny Junyi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lejing","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyue","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Rafay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guannan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10141","key":"2310_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30536-1","volume":"392","author":"DG Noone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Noone DG, Iijima K, Parekh R. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Lancet. 2018;392(10141):61\u201374.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2310_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0000000000000603","volume":"36","author":"H Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu H, Qi J, Schoepf J, Savage RH, Tang C, Lu M, et al. Prevalence and associated risk factors of pulmonary embolism in children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome: a Chinese large cohort study. J Thorac Imaging. 2021;36(5):326\u201332.","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1559","volume":"124","author":"DS Gipson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gipson DS, Massengill SF, Yao L, Nagaraj S, Smoyer WE, Mahan JD, et al. Management of childhood onset nephrotic syndrome. Pediatrics. 2009;124(2):747\u201357.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2310_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-015-3074-x","volume":"30","author":"DT Selewski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Selewski DT, Troost JP, Massengill SF, Gbadegesin RA, Greenbaum LA, Shatat IF, et al. The impact of disease duration on quality of life in children with nephrotic syndrome: a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium study. Pediatr Nephrol. 2015;30:1467\u201376.","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"9384","key":"2310_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14184-0","volume":"362","author":"AA Eddy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eddy AA, Symons JM. Nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Lancet. 2003;362(9384):629\u201339.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2310_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-30","volume":"11","author":"DS Gipson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gipson DS, Selewski DT, Massengill SF, Wickman L, Messer KL, Herreshoff E, et al. Gaining the PROMIS perspective from children with nephrotic syndrome: a Midwest pediatric nephrology consortium study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013;11:30.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04684-3","volume":"36","author":"S Khullar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khullar S, Banh T, Vasilevska-Ristovska J, Chanchlani R, Brooke J, Licht CPB, et al. Impact of steroids and steroid-sparing agents on quality of life in children with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021;36(1):93\u2013102.","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2310_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14912","volume":"108","author":"A Roussel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roussel A, Delbet JD, Micheland L, Desch\u00eanes G, Decramer S, Ulinski T. Quality of life in children with severe forms of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in stable remission-A cross-sectional study. Acta Paediatr. 2019;108(12):2267\u201373.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2310_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abbasi A, Valizadeh M, Fahimi D, Moghtaderi M, Bazargani B, et al. Health-Related Quality of Life in Iranian Children with Nephrotic Syndrome. Iran J Pediatr. 2022;32(2):e118426.","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp-118426"},{"key":"2310_CR10","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL).\u00a0Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2021."},{"key":"2310_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02438-0","volume":"29","author":"R Eid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eid R, Fathy AA, Hamdy N. Health-related quality of life in Egyptian children with nephrotic syndrome. Qual Life Res. 2020;29:2185\u201396.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5812\/nephropathol.8968","volume":"2","author":"F Assadi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Assadi F. Psychological impact of chronic kidney disease among children and adolescents: not rare and not benign. J Nephropathol. 2013;2(1):1.","journal-title":"J Nephropathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0085","volume":"125","author":"AC Gerson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gerson AC, Wentz A, Abraham AG, Mendley SR, Hooper SR, Butler RW, et al. Health-related quality of life of children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):e349\u201357.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2310_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl091","volume":"21","author":"AM McKenna","year":"2006","unstructured":"McKenna AM, Keating LE, Vigneux A, Stevens S, Williams A, Geary DF. Quality of life in children with chronic kidney disease\u2014patient and caregiver assessments. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21(7):1899\u2013905.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"8","key":"2310_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05541008","volume":"4","author":"SK Mujais","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mujais SK, Story K, Brouillette J, Takano T, Soroka S, Franek C, et al. Health-related quality of life in CKD patients: correlates and evolution over time. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4(8):1293\u2013301.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2310_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0759-7-10","volume":"7","author":"P Manti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Manti P, Giannakopoulos G, Giouroukou E, Georgaki-Angelaki H, Stefanidis CJ, Mitsioni A, et al. Psychosocial and cognitive function in children with nephrotic syndrome: association with disease and treatment variables. BioPsychoSoc Med. 2013;7:1\u20137.","journal-title":"BioPsychoSoc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-022-02186-0","volume":"26","author":"R Mazahir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mazahir R, Anand K, Pruthi P. Quality of life in children with nephrotic syndrome: a cross-sectional study using Hindi version of PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2022;26(6):552\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR18","first-page":"703","volume":"25","author":"M Rahman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rahman M, Afroz S, Ali R, Hanif M. Health related quality of life in children with nephrotic syndrome in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J. 2016;25(4):703\u20139.","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2310_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.08.022","volume":"145","author":"E-M R\u00fcth","year":"2004","unstructured":"R\u00fcth E-M, Landolt MA, Neuhaus TJ, Kemper MJ. Health-related quality of life and psychosocial adjustment in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. J Pediatr. 2004;145(6):778\u201383.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2310_CR20","first-page":"154","volume":"43","author":"N Allam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Allam N, Bashar A, Eid R. Assessment of health-related quality of life in Sudanese children with nephrotic syndrome: a questionnaire-based study. Pan Afr Med J. 2022;43(1):154.","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J."},{"key":"2310_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04705-1","volume":"36","author":"PD Imani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Imani PD, Aujo J, Kiguli S, Srivaths P, Brewer ED. Chronic kidney disease impacts health-related quality of life of children in Uganda. East Afr Pediatr Nephrol. 2021;36:323\u201331.","journal-title":"East Afr Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2310_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745444","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.745444","volume":"9","author":"N Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li N, Hao J, Fu T, Du Y. Evaluating the quality of life of 231 children with primary nephrotic syndrome and assessing parental awareness of the disease. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:745444.","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"20","key":"2310_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013;310(20):2191\u20134.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2310_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-200509000-00004","volume":"28","author":"LF Chan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chan LF, Chow SM, Lo SK. Preliminary validation of the Chinese version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Int J Rehabil Res. 2005;28(3):219\u201327.","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"2310_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9672-y","volume":"19","author":"Y Hao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hao Y, Tian Q, Lu Y, Chai Y, Rao S. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory\u2122 4.0 generic core scales. Qual Life Res. 2010;19:1229\u201333.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2310_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/41.5.652","volume":"41","author":"M B\u00e9dard","year":"2001","unstructured":"B\u00e9dard M, Molloy DW, Squire L, Dubois S, Lever JA, O\u2019Donnell M. The Zarit Burden Interview: a new short version and screening version. Gerontologist. 2001;41(5):652\u20137.","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"2310_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge; 2013.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"issue":"4","key":"2310_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.11.016","volume":"20","author":"N Luo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luo N, Liu G, Li M, Guan H, Jin X, Rand-Hendriksen K. Estimating an EQ-5D-5L value Set for China. Value Health. 2017;20(4):662\u20139.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"2310_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-05135-5","volume":"182","author":"F Veltkamp","year":"2023","unstructured":"Veltkamp F, Teela L, Luijten MA, van Oers HA, Mak-Nienhuis EM, Haverman L, et al. Health-related quality of life of children with first onset steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Eur J Pediatr. 2023;182(10):4605\u201314.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2310_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.152420","volume":"26","author":"K Mishra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mishra K, Ramachandran S, Firdaus S, Rath B. The impact of pediatric nephrotic syndrome on parents\u2032 health-related quality of life and family functioning: an assessment made by the PedsQL 4.0 family impact module. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2015;26(2):285\u201392.","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"issue":"12","key":"2310_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13407","volume":"52","author":"MS Didsbury","year":"2016","unstructured":"Didsbury MS, Kim S, Medway MM, Tong A, McTaggart SJ, Walker AM, et al. Socio-economic status and quality of life in children with chronic disease: a systematic review. J Paediatr Child Health. 2016;52(12):1062\u20139.","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"2310_CR32","first-page":"1307","volume":"27","author":"D Yeqing","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yeqing D, Wanhua X. Qualitative study on true experience of caregivers of pre-school children with nephrotic syndrome. Nurs Res. 2013;27(14):1307\u20139.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"2310_CR33","first-page":"107","volume":"36","author":"Y Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu Y, Yuming L, Xiaodan Z. Survey and analysis of psychological characteristics and stress coping ability of parents of children with nephrotic syndrome. Health Professions Educ. 2018;36(05):107\u20138.","journal-title":"Health Professions Educ"}],"container-title":["Health and Quality of Life Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T10:04:26Z","timestamp":1730196266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/hqlo.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-024-02310-6","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4922299\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1477-7525"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7525","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (2024-IRB-0294-P-01). All caregivers gave their consents and voluntarily participated in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"94"}}