{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T22:28:41Z","timestamp":1793744921806,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mahidol University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01znkr924","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Qual Life Outcomes"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T10:48:39Z","timestamp":1762166919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determining health-related quality of life among children with malaria in Kenya: does the choice of EQ-5D value set matter?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9414-3608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tabitha","family":"Okech","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8256-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montarat","family":"Thavorncharoensap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9457-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usa","family":"Chaikledkaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2041-4457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George Paul","family":"Omondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Nyokabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5754-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. M.","family":"Thumbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9991-386X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ammarin","family":"Thakkinstian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2445_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World malaria report 2023. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023."},{"key":"2445_CR2","unstructured":"UNICEF. Malaria. Retrieved 30 March, 2025. 2024. From https:\/\/data.unicef.org\/topic\/child-health\/malaria\/."},{"issue":"8","key":"2445_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00158-0","volume":"24","author":"IHME Pathogen Core Group","year":"2024","unstructured":"IHME Pathogen Core Group. Global burden associated with 85 pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024;24(8):868\u201395.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2445_CR4","volume-title":"Global burden of disease study 2019 (GBD 2019) disability weights","author":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network","year":"2020","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global burden of disease study 2019 (GBD 2019) disability weights. Seattle: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME); 2020."},{"issue":"6","key":"2445_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.02.001","volume":"72","author":"DG Lalloo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lalloo DG, Shingadia D, Bell DJ, Beeching NJ, Whitty CJM, Chiodini PL. UK malaria treatment guidelines 2016. J Infect. 2016;72(6):635\u201349.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2445_CR6","first-page":"53","volume":"1","author":"D Gordon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gordon D. The effects of malaria on quality of life in sub-Saharan Africa. Med J Therapeut Afr. 2007;1:53\u20135.","journal-title":"Med J Therapeut Afr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2445_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-024-03822-w","volume":"34","author":"MV Andrade","year":"2025","unstructured":"Andrade MV, Noronha K, Guedes GR, Diniz BC, Silva VA, de Souza A, de Carvalho LR, Braga PE, Motta-Santos AS, Juli\u00e3o NA, da Silva DN, Bracarense H, Castro MC. Health-related quality of life due to malaria: a systematic review. Qual Life Res. 2025;34(2):325\u201339.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2445_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neumann PJ, Thorat T, Zhong Y, Anderson J, Farquhar M, Salem M, Sandberg E, Saret CJ, Wilkinson C, Cohen JT. A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies reporting cost-per-DALY averted. Plos One. 2016;11(12):e0168512.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168512"},{"issue":"5","key":"2445_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-022-00722-3","volume":"20","author":"F Niyibitegeka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Niyibitegeka F, Thavorncharoensap M, Riewpaiboon A, Youngkong S. Does the choice of health Metric, DALY or QALY, influence conclusions of health economic evaluation? A case study of rotavirus vaccine in Burundi. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2022;20(5):707\u201316.","journal-title":"Appl Health Econ Health Policy"},{"key":"2445_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrade MV, de Souza Noronha KVM, Guedes GR, Juli\u00e3o NA, de Carvalho LR, de Souza A, Silva VA, Motta-Santos AS, Bracarense H, Peterka C, Castro MC. Health-related quality of life due to malaria in the Brazilian Amazon using EQ-5D-3L. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024;18(12): e0012739.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012739"},{"key":"2445_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2019.08.478","volume":"22","author":"NS Jimam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jimam NS, Ismail NE, Dayom WD. Evaluation of psychometric quality of EQ-5D-5L scale for assessing health-related quality of life of malaria patients. Value Health Reg Issues. 2020;22:15\u201322.","journal-title":"Value Health Reg Issues"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03789-w","volume":"20","author":"NK Kayiba","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kayiba NK, Yobi DM, Devleesschauwer B, Mvumbi DM, Kabututu PZ, Likwela JL, Kalindula LA, DeMol P, Hayette MP, Mvumbi GL, Lusamba PD, Beutels P, Rosas-Aguirre A, Speybroeck N. Care-seeking behaviour and socio-economic burden associated with uncomplicated malaria in the Democratic Republic of congo. Malar J. 2021;20(1):260.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2445_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makatita D, Haris R, Endarti D, Wiedyaningsih C, Andayani T. Measurement of health related quality of life in malaria patients in Indonesia using EQ-5D-5L. J Clin Diagn Res. 2019;13.","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2019\/41841.13010"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-017-0066-5","volume":"45","author":"M Sultana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sultana M, Sheikh N, Mahumud RA, Jahir T, Islam Z, Sarker AR. Prevalence and associated determinants of malaria parasites among Kenyan children. Trop Med Health. 2017;45(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"key":"2445_CR15","volume-title":"Kenya malaria programme: Mid-Term review 2022","author":"Division of National Malaria Programme","year":"2022","unstructured":"Division of National Malaria Programme. Kenya malaria programme: Mid-Term review 2022. Nairobi: Kenya Ministry of Health; 2022."},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04502-9","volume":"22","author":"T Hollowell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hollowell T, Sewe MO, Rocklov J, Obor D, Odhiambo F, Ahlm C. Public health determinants of child malaria mortality: a surveillance study within Siaya County, Western Kenya. Malar J. 2023;22(1):65.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2445_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kapesa A, Kweka EJ, Atieli H, Afrane YA, Kamugisha E, Lee MC, Zhou G, Githeko AK, Yan G. (2018). The current malaria morbidity and mortality in different transmission settings in Western Kenya. PLoS ONE, 13(8), e0202031.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202031"},{"issue":"9","key":"2445_CR18","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"AM Were Vincent, Buff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Were Vincent, Buff AM, Desai M, Kariuki S, Samuels AM, Phillips-Howard P, Kuile FOT, Kachur SP, Niessen LW. Trends in malaria prevalence and health related socioeconomic inequality in rural Western Kenya: results from repeated household malaria cross-sectional surveys from 2006 to 2013. BMJ Open. 2019;9(9):1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR19","first-page":"53","volume":"1","author":"D Gordon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gordon D. The effects of malaria on quality of life in sub-Saharan Africa. Med J Ther Afr. 2007;1(1):53\u20135.","journal-title":"Med J Ther Afr"},{"key":"2445_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mbau R, Vassall A, Gilson L, Barasa E. Factors influencing institutionalization of health technology assessment in Kenya. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023; 23(1): 681.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09673-4"},{"key":"2445_CR21","volume-title":"The social health insurance regulations","author":"Government of Kenya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Government of Kenya. The social health insurance regulations. Kenya Gazette: Government of Kenya. 2024;49:26."},{"key":"2445_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delvin N, Finch AP, Parkin D. Guidance to users of EQ-5D-5L value sets. In Devlin N, Roudijk B & K. Ludwig, editors, Value sets for EQ-5D-5L: a compendium, comparative review & user guide. 2022:213\u2013233).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89289-0_5"},{"key":"2445_CR23","unstructured":"EuroQol research foundation. Help articles. Retrieved 10. September. 2025. From https:\/\/euroqol.org\/information-and-support\/user-support\/help-articles\/."},{"key":"2445_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2019.08.475","volume":"22","author":"AG Welie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Welie AG, Gebretekle GB, Stolk E, Mukuria C, Krahn MD, Enquoselassie F, Fenta TG. Valuing health state: an EQ-5D-5L value set for Ethiopians. Value Health Reg Issues. 2020;22:7\u201314.","journal-title":"Value Health Reg Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"2445_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-021-01101-x","volume":"40","author":"F Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang F, Katumba KR, Roudijk B, Yang Z, Revill P, Griffin S, Ochanda PN, Lamorde M, Greco G, Seeley J, Sculpher M. Developing the EQ-5D-5L value set for Uganda using the \u2018Lite\u2019 protocol. PharmacoEconomics. 2022;40(3):309\u201321.","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2445_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.01.003","volume":"19","author":"MM Versteegh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Versteegh MM, Vermeulen KM, Evers SMAA, de Wit GA, Prenger R, Stolk EA. Dutch tariff for the Five-Level version of EQ-5D. Value Health. 2016;19(4):343\u201352.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04505-6","volume":"22","author":"Z Elnour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elnour Z, Grethe H, Siddig K, Munga S. Malaria control and elimination in kenya: economy-wide benefits and regional disparities. Malar J. 2023;22(1):117.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"2445_CR28","unstructured":"Division of National Malaria Programme. Kenya malaria indicator survey 2020. 2021."},{"key":"2445_CR29","volume-title":"Adequacy of sample size in health studies","author":"S Lemeshow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lemeshow S, Hosmer DQ, Klar J, Lwanga SK. Adequacy of sample size in health studies. New York: John Wiley& Son; 1990."},{"key":"2445_CR30","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Health Organisation guidelines for malaria \u2013 2023 update. 2024. From https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/guidelines-for-malaria"},{"key":"2445_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devlin N, Pickard S, Busschbach J. The development of the EQ-5D-5L and its value sets. In N. Devlin, B. Roudijk & K. Ludwig, editors, value sets for EQ-5D-5L: a compendium, comparative review & user guide. Cham (CH). 2022:1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89289-0_1"},{"issue":"8","key":"2445_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-020-01195-8","volume":"21","author":"M Kennedy-Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kennedy-Martin M, Slaap B, Herdman M, van Reenen M, Kennedy-Martin T, Greiner W, Busschbach J, Boye KS. Which multi-attribute utility instruments are recommended for use in cost-utility analysis? A review of National health technology assessment (HTA) guidelines. Eur J Health Econ. 2020;21(8):1245\u201357.","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"2445_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thorrington D, Eames K. Measuring health utilities in children and adolescents: a systematic review of the literature. Plos one. 2015;10(8):e0135672.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135672"},{"key":"2445_CR34","unstructured":"EuroQol research foundation. EQ-5D-5L user guide. Retrieved 31 March, 2025. 2019. From https:\/\/euroqol.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/EQ-5D-5LUserguide-23-07.pdf"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"2445_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.11.024","volume":"15","author":"FA Yusof","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yusof FA, Goh A, Azmi S. Estimating an EQ-5D value set for Malaysia using time trade-off and visual analogue scale methods. Value Health. 2012;15(1 Suppl):85\u201390.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2445_CR36","unstructured":"Oemar M, Janssen B. EQ-5D-5L user guide. (October). 2013."},{"key":"2445_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Austin PC, Escobar M, Fau - Kopec JA, Kopec JA. The use of the Tobit model for analyzing measures of health status. Qual Life Res(0962\u20139343 (Print)). 2000.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008938326604"},{"key":"2445_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-017-0310-5","volume":"15","author":"NJ Devlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Devlin NJ, Brooks R. EQ\u20135D and the EuroQol group: Past, present and future. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2017;15:127\u201337.","journal-title":"Appl Health Econ Health Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2445_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2018.1386561","volume":"18","author":"O Rochanathimoke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rochanathimoke O, Riewpaiboon A, Postma MJ, Thinyounyong W, Thavorncharoensap M. Health related quality of life impact from rotavirus diarrhea on children and their family caregivers in Thailand. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2018;18(2):215\u201322.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res"},{"issue":"39","key":"2445_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.07.012","volume":"33","author":"R Marlow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marlow R, Finn A, Trotter C. Quality of life impacts from rotavirus gastroenteritis on children and their families in the UK. Vaccine. 2015;33(39):5212\u20136.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2801-2","volume":"17","author":"J Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang J, Jit M, Zheng Y, Feng L, Liu X, Wu JT, Yu H. The impact of influenza on the health related quality of life in china: an EQ-5D survey. BMC Infect Dis. 2017;17(1):686.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-025-00917-x","volume":"9","author":"T Kitano","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kitano T, Tsuzuki S. Impact of influenza-like illnesses on health state utility value among Japanese children and adults. J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2025;9(1):83.","journal-title":"J Patient Rep Outcomes"},{"key":"2445_CR43","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Malaria. Retrieved 30 March, 2025. 2024. From https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/malaria."},{"key":"2445_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2024.111487","volume":"174","author":"LJ Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng LJ, Chen LA, Cheng JY, Herdman M, Luo N. Systematic review reveals that EQ-5D minimally important differences vary with treatment type and May decrease with increasing baseline score. J Clin Epidemiol. 2024;174:111487.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2445_CR45","unstructured":"Central Intelligence Agency. The world factbook. Retrieved 21 September, 2025. 2025. From https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/."},{"key":"2445_CR46","unstructured":"International Monetary Fund. World economic outlook database: April 2025. Retrieved 21 September. 2025. From https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/Publications\/WEO\/weo-database\/2025\/April."},{"key":"2445_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mamasoula C, Pennington L, Adesanya AM, Rankin J. A systematic review and meta-analysis of school and cognitive function domains of health-related quality of life measures for children and young adults with congenital heart disease. Birth Defects Res. 2024;116(1):e2275.","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2275"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-021-01677-0","volume":"19","author":"M Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang M, Ma Y, Li M, Meng R, Ma A, Chen P. A comparison of self-reported and proxy-reported health utilities in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2021;19(1):45.","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2445_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-016-0210-9","volume":"9","author":"H Galloway","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galloway H, Newman E. Is there a difference between child self-ratings and parent proxy-ratings of the quality of life of children with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the literature. Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2017;9(1):11\u201329.","journal-title":"Atten Defic Hyperact Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"2445_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-024-02196-y","volume":"52","author":"M Chutiyami","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chutiyami M, Saravanakumar P, Bello UM, Salihu D, Adeleye K, Kolo MA, Dawa KK, Hamina D, Bhandari P, Sulaiman SK, Sim J. Malaria vaccine efficacy, safety, and community perception in Africa: a scoping review of recent empirical studies. Infection. 2024;52(5):2007\u201328.","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2445_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00725-4","volume":"387","author":"MA Penny","year":"2016","unstructured":"Penny MA, Verity R, Bever CA, Sauboin C, Galactionova K, Flasche S, White MT, Wenger EA, Van de Velde N, Pemberton-Ross P, Griffin JT, Smith TA, Eckhoff PA, Muhib F, Jit M, Ghani AC. Public health impact and cost-eff ectiveness of the RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine: a systematic comparison of predictions from four mathematical models. Lancet. 2016;387:367\u201375.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2445_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02774-9","volume":"30","author":"RT Wolf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wolf RT, Ratcliffe JC, Jeppesen G, P. The longitudinal validity of proxy-reported CHU9D. Qual Life Res. 2021;30(6):1747\u201356.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2445_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamb A, Murray A, Lovett R. The challenges of measuring and valuing quality of life in preschool children: a retrospective review of NICE appraisals. Child (Basel). 2021;8(9).","DOI":"10.3390\/children8090765"},{"issue":"2","key":"2445_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-021-01107-5","volume":"40","author":"C Bailey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bailey C, Dalziel K, Cronin P, Devlin N, Viney R. How are Child-Specific utility instruments used in decision making in australia? A review of pharmaceutical benefits advisory committee public summary documents. PharmacoEconomics. 2022;40(2):157\u201382.","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2445_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.02.011","volume":"23","author":"H Hill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hill H, Rowen D, Pennington B, Wong R, Wailoo A. A review of the methods used to generate utility values in NICE technology assessments for children and adolescents. Value Health. 2020;23(7):907\u201317.","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2445_CR56","unstructured":"EuroQol Research Foundation. EQ-5D-Y-3L user guide. Retrieved 31 March, 2025. 2024. From https:\/\/euroqol.org\/information-and-support\/documentation\/user-guides."},{"key":"2445_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2023.01.009","volume":"35","author":"J Verstraete","year":"2023","unstructured":"Verstraete J, Amien R. Cross-Cultural adaptation and validation of the EuroQoL toddler and infant populations instrument into Afrikaans for South Africa. Value Health Reg Issues. 2023;35:78\u201386.","journal-title":"Value Health Reg Issues"},{"key":"2445_CR58","unstructured":"group E. EQ-TIPS (Toddler and Infant Populations). Retrieved 21 September, 2025. From https:\/\/euroqol.org\/eq-tips\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com."},{"issue":"7","key":"2445_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-022-01149-3","volume":"40","author":"C Bailey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bailey C, Howell M, Raghunandan R, Salisbury A, Chen G, Coast J, Craig JC, Devlin NJ, Huynh E, Lancsar E, Mulhern BJ, Norman R, Petrou S, Ratcliffe J, Street DJ, Howard K, Viney R. Preference elicitation techniques used in valuing children\u2019s health-related quality-of-life: a systematic review. PharmacoEconomics. 2022;40(7):663\u201398.","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2445_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-021-01377-y","volume":"22","author":"SA Lipman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lipman SA, Reckers-Droog VT, Karimi M, Jakubczyk M, Attema AE. Self vs. other, child vs. adult. An experimental comparison of valuation perspectives for valuation of EQ-5D-Y-3L health States. Eur J Health Econ. 2021;22(9):1507\u201318.","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-026-02664-z","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793664000000}}],"container-title":["Health and Quality of Life Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T22:02:01Z","timestamp":1793743321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-025-02445-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7525"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7525","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-026-02664-z","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12955-026-02664-z","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by Maseno University (MUSERC\/01321\/23), the Kenya National Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI\/P\/24\/35525), and Mahidol University (78.0319\/EC.0366).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the parents.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to publish","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"114"}}