{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:24:58Z","timestamp":1784903098586,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Surg Onc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There are no guidelines for straightforwardly managing advanced lung cancer (T3 or T4). Although surgery has traditionally been regarded as the mainstay treatment and the only curative modality, it has limited relevance for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved cancer therapy; it is an established treatment modality with curative intent for early-stage and superficial endobronchial lesions. However, the efficacy of PDT in advanced lung cancer is controversial, and it has primarily been used in palliative care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This case report describes a 70-year-old male who had right upper lung cancer and an endobronchial lesion that extended into the distal trachea. A biopsy specimen was obtained upon bronchoscopy, and the result confirmed squamous cell carcinoma. We performed a definitive sleeve lobectomy and intraoperative PDT. Gross total resection of the tumor was achieved, but the presence of microscopic residual tumors was inevitable. Complete anatomical resection of the primary tumor by pneumonectomy was not possible due to poor lung function and endobronchial extension to the distal trachea. We decided to apply intraoperative PDT to the lumen and outer wall of the bronchi and distal trachea for local tumor control. The patient is alive with no evidence of disease after 13 months of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is the first report to describe the feasibility and efficacy of intraoperative PDT as part of multimodal therapy for locally advanced NSCLC.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T02:02:57Z","timestamp":1661306577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Definitive surgery and intraoperative photodynamic therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hee Suk","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2729_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.81.3.269","volume":"81","author":"Y Hayata","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hayata Y, Kato H, Konaka C, Ono J, Takizawa N. Haematoporphyrin in derivative and laser photoradiation in the treatment of lung cancer. Chest. 1982;81(3):264\u201377.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2729_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2009.12.002","volume":"7","author":"BD Weinberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weinberg BD, Allison RR, Sibata C, Parent T, Downie G. Results of combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR) in treatment of obstructive endobronchial non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Photodiagn Photodyn Ther. 2010;7(1):50\u20138.","journal-title":"Photodiagn Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2729_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2014.03.011","volume":"11","author":"A Akopov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akopov A, Rusanov A, Gerasin A, Kazakov N, Urtenova M, Chistyakov I. Preoperative endobronchial photodynamic therapy improves resectability in initially irresectable (inoperable) locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Photodiagn Photodyn Ther. 2014;11(3):259\u201364.","journal-title":"Photodiagn Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2729_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181c42287","volume":"5","author":"J Usuda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Usuda J, Ichinose S, Ishizumi T, Hayashi H, Ohtani K, Maehara S, et al. Management of multiple primary lung cancer in patients with centrally located early cancer lesions. J Thorac Oncol. 2010;5(1):62\u20138.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2729_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.02.025","volume":"89","author":"DJ Minnich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Minnich DJ, Bryant AS, Dooley A, Cerfolio RJ. Photodynamic laser therapy for lesions in the airway. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89(6):1744\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2729_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2013.01.004","volume":"10","author":"W Ji","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ji W, Yoo JW, Bae EK, Lee JH, Choi CM. The effect of Radachlorin PDT in advanced NSCLC: a pilot study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2013;10(2):120\u20136.","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2729_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2007.11.001","volume":"5","author":"K Moghissi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moghissi K, Dixon K. Update on the current indications, practice and results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in early central lung cancer (ECLC). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2008;5(1):10\u20138.","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"2729_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20513","volume":"39","author":"L Corti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Corti L, Toniolo L, Boso C, Colaut F, Fiore D, Muzzio PC, et al. Long-term survival of patients treated with photodynamic therapy for carcinoma in situ and early non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Lasers Surg Med. 2007;39(5):394\u2013402.","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2729_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31824a9022","volume":"7","author":"R Demicheli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demicheli R, Fornili M, Ambrogi F, Higgins K, Boyd JA, Biganzoli E, et al. Recurrence dynamics for non-small-cell lung cancer: effect of surgery on the development of metastases. J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7(4):723\u201330.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2729_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.10.165","volume":"10","author":"P Bertoglio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bertoglio P, Aprile V, Ambrogi MC, Mussi A, Lucchi M. The role of intracavitary therapies in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Dis. 2018;10(Suppl 2):293\u20137.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T02:02:59Z","timestamp":1661306579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wjso.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2729"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12957-022-02729-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"265"}}