{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:04:41Z","timestamp":1784077481993,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Surg Onc"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T02:05:13Z","timestamp":1779415513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors influencing the incidence of postoperative lymphedema in patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Zhi-yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4425_CR1","first-page":"229","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229\u201363.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"20","key":"4425_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02896","volume":"38","author":"SA McLaughlin","year":"2020","unstructured":"McLaughlin SA, Brunelle CL, Taghian A. Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Risk Factors, Screening, Management, and the Impact of Locoregional Treatment. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(20):2341\u201350.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4425_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9353","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000003252","volume":"111","author":"B Brahma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Brahma B, Yamamoto T, Panigoro SS, Haryono SJ, Yusuf PA, Priambodo PS, Harimurti K, Putri RI, Taher A. The pattern of arm lymphatic drainage and subclinical lymphedema progression after axillary lymph node dissection: a prospective cohort study. Int J Surg. 2025;111(12):9353\u201362.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"17","key":"4425_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17172768","volume":"17","author":"Y Ruiz-Molina","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ruiz-Molina Y, Padial M, Mart\u00edn-Bravo MDM, Garc\u00eda-Olivares M, Porras N, Chicharro A, Mora-Robles J, Gonz\u00e1lez-Jim\u00e9nez A, Sasso CV, Olveira G. Targeting Lymphedema in Overweight Breast Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Diet and Exercise Intervention. Nutrients. 2025;17(17):2768\u201382.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"4425_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2021.0084","volume":"20","author":"SH Ridner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ridner SH, Dietrich MS, Boyages J, Koelmeyer L, Elder E, Hughes TM, French J, Ngui N, Hsu J, Abramson VG, Moore A, Shah C. A Comparison of Bioimpedance Spectroscopy or Tape Measure Triggered Compression Intervention in Chronic Breast Cancer Lymphedema Prevention. Lymphat Res Biol. 2022;20(6):618\u201328.","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4425_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-025-03255-3","volume":"25","author":"MO Khan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khan MO, Huda F, Rao S, Khare VS, Amulya K, Raj N, Jha A, Arnav A, Basu S. Predictors of early arm lymphoedema in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy -a prospective observational study. BMC Surg. 2025;25(1):525\u201335.","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4425_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.1628","volume":"8","author":"G Montagna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montagna G, Zhang J, Sevilimedu V, Charyn J, Abbate K, Gomez EA, Mehrara B, Morrow M, Barrio AV. Risk Factors and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Patients With Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. JAMA Oncol. 2022;8(8):1195\u2013200. PMID: 35679026; PMCID: PMC9185510.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"4425_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666522","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1666522","volume":"12","author":"T Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu T, Pu J, Yao Q, Chen S, Yao Y, Chang S, Yang R, Shen J. Advances in etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of lymphedema: a comprehensive review. Front Med (Lausanne). 2025;12:1666522\u201338.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4425_CR9","first-page":"248","volume":"41","author":"M Kumcuo\u011flu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kumcuo\u011flu M, G\u00fcnay S, G\u00f6k\u00e7ek B. Factors affecting the formation of lymphedema due to breast cancer (Is primary systemic treatment an independent factor in the formation of breast cancer related lymphedema?). Turk J Surg. 2025;41(3):248\u201354.","journal-title":"Turk J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4425_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-025-02663-2","volume":"20","author":"A Bahanesteh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bahanesteh A, Yarmohammadi H, Shahshenas S, Dalil D, Soltanipur M, Taheri H, Sheikhi Z. Risk factors for severity of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Radiat Oncol. 2025;20(1):81\u20138.","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4425_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-023-00909-w","volume":"34","author":"LP Ge","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ge LP, Jin X, Ma D, Wang ZY, Liu CL, Zhou CZ, Zhao S, Yu TJ, Liu XY, Di GH, Shao ZM, Jiang YZ. ZNF689 deficiency promotes intratumor heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Res. 2024;34(1):58\u201375.","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4425_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02486-4","volume":"23","author":"G Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou G, Gu Y, Zhang M, Zhou H, Li Y, Lin X, Lu G, Shen F, Xu C, Hua K, Ding J. Genetically platform presenting CD24 ScFv enhance antitumor immunity by restoring macrophage phagocytosis and modulating the immune environment. Cell Commun Signal. 2025;23(1):517\u201335.","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"issue":"1","key":"4425_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03323-x","volume":"17","author":"LP Ge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ge LP, Liu XQ, Zhang RK, Chen ZN, Cheng F. Comparison between acupotomy and corticosteroid injection for patients diagnosed with different classifications of tennis elbow: a randomized control trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2022;17(1):433\u201341.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4425_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.REO.0000000000000073","volume":"35","author":"K Levenhagen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levenhagen K, Davies C, Perdomo M, Ryans K, Gilchrist L. Diagnosis of Upper-Quadrant Lymphedema Secondary to Cancer: Clinical Practice Guideline From the Oncology Section of APTA. Rehabil Oncol. 2017;35(3):E1\u201318.","journal-title":"Rehabil Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4425_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2022.06.001","volume":"22","author":"T Redemski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Redemski T, Hamilton DG, Schuler S, Liang R, Michaleff ZA. Rehabilitation for Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Early, Unrestricted Exercise Programs on Upper Limb Function. Clin Breast Cancer. 2022;22(7):650\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"4425_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y, Wei T, Li M, Wu P, Qiang W, Wang X, Shen A. Factors Influencing the Self-management of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Studies. Cancer Nurs. 2025;01;48(5):E339\u201353.","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000001340"},{"key":"4425_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418610","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1418610","volume":"14","author":"F Bhimani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bhimani F, McEvoy M, Chen Y, Gupta A, Pastoriza J, Cavalli A, Obaid L, Rachofsky C, Fruchter S, Feldman S. Comprehensive strategies in breast cancer-related lymphedema prevention: insights from a multifaceted program. Front Oncol. 2024;14:1418610\u20137.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4425_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-024-01572-z","volume":"26","author":"L Smith","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smith L, Saganty J, Forget P. Biomarkers in the Immuno-oncology Interface of Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review with Perioperative Considerations. Curr Oncol Rep. 2024;26(10):1159\u201368.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"4425_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr, International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; Hational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Association for the Study of Obesity. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640-5.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"issue":"4S Suppl 3","key":"4425_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S234","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001864","volume":"82","author":"AR Johnson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johnson AR, Kimball S, Epstein S, Recht A, Lin SJ, Lee BT, James TA, Singhal D. Lymphedema Incidence After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: Quantifying the Impact of Radiation and the Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;82(4S Suppl 3):S234\u201341.","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"18","key":"4425_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17182964","volume":"17","author":"KL Vangsness","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vangsness KL, Sam AP, Chang J, Mehta YA, Chu MW, Agko M, Carr\u00e9 AL. Characterizing Trends of Lymphedema After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection with and Without Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction. Cancers (Basel). 2025;17(18):2964\u201374.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"4425_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.96","volume":"40","author":"GD Garc\u00eda Nores","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda Nores GD, Cuzzone DA, Albano NJ, Hespe GE, Kataru RP, Torrisi JS, Gardenier JC, Savetsky IL, Aschen SZ, Nitti MD, Mehrara BJ. Obesity but not high-fat diet impairs lymphatic function. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40(10):1582\u201390.","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4425_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-024-02960-5","volume":"55","author":"A Matsumoto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Matsumoto A, Ushio K, Kimura H, Tomioka S, Sasada S, Asaeda M, Nakashima Y, Fukuhara K, Mikami Y. Database study of risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a statistical analysis of 2359 cases over 10 years. Surg Today. 2025;55(5):685\u201392.","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"4425_CR24","first-page":"473","volume":"32","author":"CS Pirincci","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pirincci CS, Mete O, Yasa ME, Dalyan M. A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of complete decongestive therapy in the treatment of unilateral breast cancer-related lymphedema with and without metabolic syndrome. Support Care Cancer. 2024;32(7):473\u201385.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"19","key":"4425_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11359","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911359","volume":"23","author":"KM Yusof","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yusof KM, Groen K, Rosli R, Abdullah M, Mahmud R, Avery-Kiejda KA. Evaluation of Circulating MicroRNAs and Adipokines in Breast Cancer Survivors with Arm Lymphedema. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(19):11359\u201379.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4425_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong X, Wang L, Liu F, Zhang J, Xiao H, Hou Y, Guo X, Liu Z. The Application of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Combined with Indocyanine Green Lymphography in the Management of Secondary Upper Limb Lymphedema. Cancer Res Treat. 2025;12(6):18.","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2025.813"},{"issue":"8","key":"4425_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-2303","volume":"18","author":"DN Finegold","year":"2012","unstructured":"Finegold DN, Baty CJ, Knickelbein KZ, Perschke S, Noon SE, Campbell D, Karlsson JM, Huang D, Kimak MA, Lawrence EC, Feingold E, Meriney SD, Brufsky AM, Ferrell RE. Connexin 47 mutations increase risk for secondary lymphedema following breast cancer treatment. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(8):2382\u201390.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:25:15Z","timestamp":1784075115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4425"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04425-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University (Approval No.: GYYFY202500192). The retrospective review was approved in 2025. Patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"292"}}