{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:24:33Z","timestamp":1787099073577,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Surg Onc"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T13:12:29Z","timestamp":1781097149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes of a 3-day modified BEP regimen in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in a single-center real-world study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2277-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiuli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1577-4548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yedan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9528-1148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8451-424X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7117-885X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0316-2975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaxia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2377-0775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junfen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"4449_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy001","volume":"29","author":"I Ray-Coquard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ray-Coquard I, Morice P, Lorusso D, Prat J, Oaknin A, Pautier P, et al. Non-epithelial ovarian cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2018;29:iv1\u201318.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lois B T, Darren R F, Chunkit F, Jenny N P, Michelle L, A Lindsay F. Adolescent and Young Adult Germ Cell Tumors: Epidemiology, Genomics, Treatment, and Survivorship. J Clin Oncol. 2023;42:696\u2013706.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.01099"},{"key":"4449_CR3","unstructured":"Kurman RJCM HC, Young RH. WHO classification of tumours of female reproductive organs. In: Bosman FTJE, Lakhani SR,Ohgaki H, editor. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer 2014; 2014. p. 307."},{"key":"4449_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.4.701","volume":"12","author":"S Williams","year":"1994","unstructured":"Williams S, Blessing JA, Liao SY, Ball H, Hanjani P. Adjuvant therapy of ovarian germ cell tumors with cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin: a trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:701\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O S, D M G, C G T, E R, C C S, H W-F, et al. Prognostic factors in malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results experience 1978\u20132010). Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(11):1942\u201350.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.03.288"},{"key":"4449_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O L vdH, M T, A M vA, R F P M K, B F M S, G S S, et al. Overview of non-epithelial ovarian tumours: Incidence and survival in the Netherlands, 1989\u20132015. Eur J Cancer. 2019;118(0):97\u2013104.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2019.06.005"},{"key":"4449_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brigitte T, Florence M, Anne-Sophie W, Nadine B, Faiza B, Emilie M, et al. Ovarian cancer in France: trends in incidence, mortality and survival, 1980\u20132012. Gynecol Oncol. 2015;139:324\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.09.013"},{"key":"4449_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.2.378","volume":"12","author":"E Segelov","year":"1994","unstructured":"Segelov E, Campbell J, Ng M, Tattersall M, Rome R, Free K, et al. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy for ovarian germ cell malignancies: the Australian experience. J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:378\u201384.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"MA D, M P, E A, C P, N P, G A, et al. Favorable outcome of ovarian germ cell malignancies treated with cisplatin or carboplatin-based chemotherapy: a Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol. 1998;70(1):70\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/gyno.1998.5047.","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1998.5047"},{"key":"4449_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706043162302","volume":"316","author":"SD Williams","year":"1987","unstructured":"Williams SD, Birch R, Einhorn LH, Irwin L, Greco FA, Loehrer PJ. Treatment of disseminated germ-cell tumors with cisplatin, bleomycin, and either vinblastine or etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:1435\u201340.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4449_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djk111","volume":"99","author":"SD Fossa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fossa SD, Gilbert E, Dores GM, Chen J, McGlynn KA, Schonfeld S, et al. Noncancer causes of death in survivors of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99:533\u201344.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"4449_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.2.470","volume":"13","author":"PJ Loehrer Sr","year":"1995","unstructured":"Loehrer PJ Sr, Johnson D, Elson P, Einhorn LH, Trump D. Importance of bleomycin in favorable-prognosis disseminated germ cell tumors: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:470\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg020","volume":"14","author":"JM O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2003","unstructured":"O\u2019Sullivan JM, Huddart RA, Norman AR, Nicholls J, Dearnaley DP, Horwich A. Predicting the risk of bleomycin lung toxicity in patients with germ-cell tumours. Ann Oncol. 2003;14:91\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1998.628","volume":"78","author":"AB Simpson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Simpson AB, Paul J, Graham J, Kaye SB. Fatal bleomycin pulmonary toxicity in the west of Scotland 1991-95: a review of patients with germ cell tumours. Br J Cancer. 1998;78:1061\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"4449_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1990.8.4.715","volume":"8","author":"D Gershenson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gershenson D, Morris M, Cangir A, Kavanagh J, Stringer C, Edwards C, et al. Treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. J Clin Oncol. 1990;8:715\u201320.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G C T, M R S, M J B, M J, D B T, V J H, et al. Comparison of two standard chemotherapy regimens for good-prognosis germ-cell tumours: a randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Germ Cell Trial Group. Lancet. 2001;357(9258):739\u201345.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04165-9"},{"key":"4449_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zoran B S, Ozlem D. A maturing approach to the assessment of ovarian teratomas. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2026;105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2026.102701.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2026.102701"},{"key":"4449_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D M G, M M, A C, J J K, C A S, C L E, et al. Treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. J Clin Oncol. 1990;8(4):715\u201320.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1990.8.4.715"},{"key":"4449_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24981","volume":"116","author":"JL Glendenning","year":"2010","unstructured":"Glendenning JL, Barbachano Y, Norman AR, Dearnaley DP, Horwich A, Huddart RA. Long-term neurologic and peripheral vascular toxicity after chemotherapy treatment of testicular cancer. Cancer. 2010;116:2322\u201331.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"4449_CR20","unstructured":"Jan O, Jourik AG. The Sound of Silence: A Proxy for Platinum Toxicity. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34.287\u20139."},{"key":"4449_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2006.0088","volume":"4","author":"E Efstathiou","year":"2006","unstructured":"Efstathiou E, Logothetis CJ. Review of late complications of treatment and late relapse in testicular cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2006;4:1059\u201370.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"4449_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.05.033","volume":"111","author":"H Kang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kang H, Kim TJ, Kim WY, Choi CH, Lee JW, Kim BG, et al. Outcome and reproductive function after cumulative high-dose combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) for patients with ovarian endodermal sinus tumor. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;111:106\u201310.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"4449_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Satoshi T, Hiroaki K, Masato Y, Yoshiki I, Nobuhisa Y, Kimihiro N, et al. Reproductive outcomes of 105 malignant ovarian germ cell tumor survivors: a multicenter study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;219(4):385\u2013e1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.07.021"},{"key":"4449_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T dLMR, P P, P D, A R, P M, C H-M, et al. Survival and reproductive function of 52 women treated with surgery and bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy for ovarian yolk sac tumor. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(8):1435\u201341.","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn162"},{"key":"4449_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C N, K M, A A, H H, R G, V L, et al. A multicentre retrospective cohort study of ovarian germ cell tumours: Evidence for chemotherapy de-escalation and alignment of paediatric and adult practice. Eur J Cancer. 2019;113(0):267\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.02.003"},{"key":"4449_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"JayaramanS, Eswaran A, Rajagopal P, Palanisamy CP, Veerakumar P, Veeraraghavan VP, et al. Neuroendocrine-associated epigenetic factors in cellular senescence: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Biogerontology. 2026;27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10522-026-10402-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-026-10402-7"},{"key":"4449_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumarasamy1RV, PMN, 3 VRU, JRR, et al. Clinical applications and therapeutic potentials of advanced nanoparticles: a comprehensive review on completed human clinical trials. Front Nanotechnol. 2024;6:1479993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnano.2024.1479993.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnano.2024.1479993"},{"key":"4449_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20230094","DOI":"10.1515\/gps-2023-0094","volume":"13","author":"J Pei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pei J, Yan Y, Jayaraman S, et al. Materials-based drug delivery approaches: recent advances and future perspectives. Green Process Synth. 2024;13:20230094.","journal-title":"Green Process Synth"},{"key":"4449_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2025.104198","volume":"105","author":"T Guan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guan T, Gong J, Lin J, Palanisamy CP, Pei J, Abd El-Aty AM. Machine learning-driven multimodal optimization of selenium biotransformation and flavor profiling in fermented apple\u2013Yacon functional beverages. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol. 2025;105:104198.","journal-title":"Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol"},{"key":"4449_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2024.106584","volume":"123","author":"H Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo H, Liu Y, Wan T, Song D, Palanisamy CP, Geng J, Pei J, \u00d6zmen S. Abd El-Aty AM. Toward personalized cancer management: Role of precision nutrition\u2013diet interventions. J Funct Foods. 2024;123:106584.","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"4449_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70053","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.70053","volume":"27","author":"SR Natarajan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Natarajan SR, Krishnamoorthy R, Alshuniaber MA, Gatasheh MK, Rajagopal P, Veeraraghavan VP, Palanisamy CP, Jayaraman S. KDM1A facilitates oncogenic potential in colorectal cancer progression through the activation AXIN\/GSK3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathways: Evidence from integrated transcriptomics and in vitro studies. J Gene Med. 2025;27:e70053.","journal-title":"J Gene Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"4449_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2024-0443","volume":"22","author":"P Kannappan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kannappan P, Chandrasekaran MK, Vani Raju M, et al. Exploring the anticancer potential of Jerantinine A from Tabernaemontana coronaria against prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers: a computational approach. J Complement Integr Med. 2025;22(2):363\u201372.","journal-title":"J Complement Integr Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4449_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2024-0290","volume":"22","author":"P Prabhakaran","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prabhakaran P, Palanisamy CP, Shanmugam A, et al. Isolation, structural characterization, and molecular docking studies on the bioactive compound from n-Hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC against the pancreatic cancer target Aurora 2 Kinase. J Complement Integr Med. 2025;22(1):165\u201372.","journal-title":"J Complement Integr Med"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T23:31:40Z","timestamp":1787095900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12957-026-04449-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Women\u2019s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (IRB-20250257-R), which waived the informed consent requirement due to the retrospective design of the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors, and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We also confirm that the order of the authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"340"}}