{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:46:20Z","timestamp":1792374380285,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Biol Endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T17:02:47Z","timestamp":1565974967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":224,"title":["Polycystic ovary syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5070-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingshun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yigang","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianwen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"509_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.2741\/e829","volume":"10","author":"P Sagvekar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sagvekar P, Dadachanji R, Patil K, Mukherjee S. Pathomechanisms of polycystic ovary syndrome: multidimensional approaches. Front Biosci. 2018;10:384\u2013422.","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"509_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16057","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.57","volume":"2","author":"R Azziz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Azziz R, Carmina E, Chen Z, Dunaif A, Laven JS, Legro RS, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16057.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"509_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh098","volume":"19","author":"Rotterdam EA-SPcwg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rotterdam EA-SPcwg. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod. 2004;19:41\u20137.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1514916","volume":"375","author":"CR McCartney","year":"2016","unstructured":"McCartney CR, Marshall JC. Clinical practice. Polycystic ovary syndrome. New Engl J Med. 2016;375:54\u201364.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"509_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.02.011","volume":"100","author":"DA Dumesic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dumesic DA, Richards JS. Ontogeny of the ovary in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2013;100:23\u201338.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"509_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14410-8","volume":"362","author":"LJ Webber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Webber LJ, Stubbs S, Stark J, Trew GH, Margara R, Hardy K, et al. Formation and early development of follicles in the polycystic ovary. Lancet. 2003;362:1017\u201321.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"509_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1804","volume":"91","author":"JP Baillargeon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baillargeon JP, Nestler JE. Commentary: polycystic ovary syndrome: a syndrome of ovarian hypersensitivity to insulin? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:22\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.755121","volume":"29","author":"CJ Glueck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glueck CJ, Goldenberg N, Pranikoff J, Khan Z, Padda J, Wang P. Effects of metformin-diet intervention before and throughout pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Curr Med Res Opin. 2013;29:55\u201362.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"509_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4526","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004526","volume":"95","author":"XL Zeng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeng XL, Zhang YF, Tian Q, Xue Y, An RF. Effects of metformin on pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Medicine. 2016;95:e4526.","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"509_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des463","volume":"28","author":"NK Stepto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stepto NK, Cassar S, Joham AE, Hutchison SK, Harrison CL, Goldstein RF, et al. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have intrinsic insulin resistance on euglycaemic-hyperinsulaemic clamp. Hum Reprod. 2013;28:777\u201384.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-62-5-904","volume":"62","author":"RL Barbieri","year":"1986","unstructured":"Barbieri RL, Makris A, Randall RW, Daniels G, Kistner RW, Ryan KJ. Insulin stimulates androgen accumulation in incubations of ovarian stroma obtained from women with hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;62:904\u201310.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR12","first-page":"2001","volume":"83","author":"JE Nestler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nestler JE, Jakubowicz DJ, de Vargas AF, Brik C, Quintero N, Medina F. Insulin stimulates testosterone biosynthesis by human thecal cells from women with polycystic ovary syndrome by activating its own receptor and using inositolglycan mediators as the signal transduction system. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:2001\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR13","first-page":"881","volume":"81","author":"P Moghetti","year":"1996","unstructured":"Moghetti P, Castello R, Negri C, Tosi F, Spiazzi GG, Brun E, et al. Insulin infusion amplifies 17 alpha-hydroxycorticosteroid intermediates response to adrenocorticotropin in hyperandrogenic women: apparent relative impairment of 17,20-lyase activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:881\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0782","volume":"164","author":"F Tosi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tosi F, Negri C, Brun E, Castello R, Faccini G, Bonora E, et al. Insulin enhances ACTH-stimulated androgen and glucocorticoid metabolism in hyperandrogenic women. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;164:197\u2013203.","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2006.02.004","volume":"20","author":"BO Yildiz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yildiz BO. Diagnosis of hyperandrogenism: clinical criteria. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;20:167\u201376.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2007.07.003","volume":"18","author":"HF Escobar-Morreale","year":"2007","unstructured":"Escobar-Morreale HF, San Millan JL. Abdominal adiposity and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2007;18:266\u201372.","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1023\/B:REMD.0000016125.05878.96","volume":"5","author":"S Franks","year":"2004","unstructured":"Franks S, McCarthy M. Genetics of ovarian disorders: polycystic ovary syndrome. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2004;5:69\u201376.","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"509_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R219","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0435","volume":"149","author":"PM Spritzer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spritzer PM, Lecke SB, Satler F, Morsch DM. Adipose tissue dysfunction, adipokines, and low-grade chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reproduction. 2015;149:R219\u201327.","journal-title":"Reproduction."},{"key":"509_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2008.09.005","volume":"39","author":"ME Vazquez-Vela","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vazquez-Vela ME, Torres N, Tovar AR. White adipose tissue as endocrine organ and its role in obesity. Arch Med Res. 2008;39:715\u201328.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"509_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-11-77","volume":"11","author":"SB Lecke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lecke SB, Morsch D, Spritzer PM. Circulating levels and subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor in polycystic ovary syndrome and normal women: a case control study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2013;11:77.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2724","volume":"95","author":"RA Wild","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wild RA, Carmina E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Dokras A, Escobar-Morreale HF, Futterweit W, et al. Assessment of cardiovascular risk and prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome: a consensus statement by the androgen excess and polycystic ovary syndrome (AE-PCOS) society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:2038\u201349.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.11.023","volume":"97","author":"AJ Duleba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duleba AJ, Dokras A. Is PCOS an inflammatory process? Fertil Steril. 2012;97:7\u201312.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"509_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2279","volume":"90","author":"E Carmina","year":"2005","unstructured":"Carmina E, Chu MC, Longo RA, Rini GB, Lobo RA. Phenotypic variation in hyperandrogenic women influences the findings of abnormal metabolic and cardiovascular risk parameters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:2545\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms059","volume":"19","author":"M Murri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Murri M, Luque-Ramirez M, Insenser M, Ojeda-Ojeda M, Escobar-Morreale HF. Circulating markers of oxidative stress and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2013;19:268\u201388.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"509_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20586","volume":"51","author":"DC Wallace","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wallace DC. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in disease and aging. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2010;51:440\u201350.","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"509_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160216151852","volume":"22","author":"O Papalou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Papalou O, Victor VM, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22:2709\u201322.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"509_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.91769","volume":"179","author":"DC Wallace","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wallace DC. Mitochondria as chi. Genetics. 2008;179:727\u201335.","journal-title":"Genetics."},{"key":"509_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1900\/RDS.2010.7.15","volume":"7","author":"D Pitocco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pitocco D, Zaccardi F, Di Stasio E, Romitelli F, Santini SA, Zuppi C, et al. Oxidative stress, nitric oxide, and diabetes. Rev Diabetic Stud. 2010;7:15\u201325.","journal-title":"Rev Diabetic Stud"},{"key":"509_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2803","volume":"8","author":"D Trachootham","year":"2009","unstructured":"Trachootham D, Alexandre J, Huang P. Targeting cancer cells by ROS-mediated mechanisms: a radical therapeutic approach? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009;8:579\u201391.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"509_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S498","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000186787.64500.12","volume":"33","author":"H Bayir","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bayir H. Reactive oxygen species. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:S498\u2013501.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"509_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.39.110304.095751","volume":"39","author":"DC Wallace","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wallace DC. A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionary medicine. Annu Rev Genet. 2005;39:359\u2013407.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"509_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-10-49","volume":"10","author":"A Agarwal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agarwal A, Aponte-Mellado A, Premkumar BJ, Shaman A, Gupta S. The effects of oxidative stress on female reproduction: a review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2012;10:49.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-017-1424-9","volume":"22","author":"Z Zou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zou Z, Chang H, Li H, Wang S. Induction of reactive oxygen species: an emerging approach for cancer therapy. Apoptosis. 2017;22:1321\u201335.","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"509_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.049478","volume":"552","author":"JF Turrens","year":"2003","unstructured":"Turrens JF. Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species. J Physiol. 2003;552:335\u201344.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"509_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5271.59","volume":"273","author":"RS Sohal","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sohal RS, Weindruch R. Oxidative stress, caloric restriction, and aging. Science. 1996;273:59\u201363.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"509_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2005.05.003","volume":"15","author":"D Del Rio","year":"2005","unstructured":"Del Rio D, Stewart AJ, Pellegrini N. A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2005;15:316\u201328.","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"509_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1006\/bmme.1997.2647","volume":"62","author":"A Barrientos","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barrientos A, Casademont J, Cardellach F, Ardite E, Estivill X, Urbano-Marquez A, et al. Qualitative and quantitative changes in skeletal muscle mtDNA and expression of mitochondrial-encoded genes in the human aging process. Biochem Mol Med. 1997;62:165\u201371.","journal-title":"Biochem Mol Med"},{"key":"509_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.08.016","volume":"92","author":"C Kaya","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kaya C, Erkan AF, Cengiz SD, Dunder I, Demirel OE, Bilgihan A. Advanced oxidation protein products are increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relationship with traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2009;92:1372\u20137.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"509_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8039","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku466","volume":"42","author":"S Gong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gong S, Peng Y, Jiang P, Wang M, Fan M, Wang X, et al. A deafness-associated tRNAHis mutation alters the mitochondrial function, ROS production and membrane potential. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014;42:8039\u201348.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"509_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5407.1482","volume":"283","author":"DC Wallace","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wallace DC. Mitochondrial diseases in man and mouse. Science. 1999;283:1482\u20138.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"509_CR41","first-page":"399","volume":"65","author":"JC St John","year":"2007","unstructured":"St John JC, Bowles EJ, Amaral A. Sperm mitochondria and fertilisation. Soc Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2007;65:399\u2013416.","journal-title":"Soc Reprod Fertil Suppl"},{"key":"509_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161455","volume":"73","author":"LS Kaguni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaguni LS. DNA polymerase gamma, the mitochondrial replicase. Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:293\u2013320.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"509_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R244","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl233","volume":"15 Spec No 2","author":"G Hudson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hudson G, Chinnery PF. Mitochondrial DNA polymerase-gamma and human disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2006;15 Spec No 2:R244\u201352.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"509_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2005.03.029","volume":"354","author":"MJ Longley","year":"2005","unstructured":"Longley MJ, Graziewicz MA, Bienstock RJ, Copeland WC. Consequences of mutations in human DNA polymerase gamma. Gene. 2005;354:125\u201331.","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"509_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3225","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-05-0404","volume":"18","author":"BA Kaufman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kaufman BA, Durisic N, Mativetsky JM, Costantino S, Hancock MA, Grutter P, et al. The mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM coordinates the assembly of multiple DNA molecules into nucleoid-like structures. Mol Biol Cell. 2007;18:3225\u201336.","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"509_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm272","volume":"131","author":"G Hudson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hudson G, Amati-Bonneau P, Blakely EL, Stewart JD, He L, Schaefer AM, et al. Mutation of OPA1 causes dominant optic atrophy with external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, deafness and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions: a novel disorder of mtDNA maintenance. Brain. 2008;131:329\u201337.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"509_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60733-7_8","volume":"1007","author":"LA Selim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Selim LA, Hassaan H. Mitochondrial diseases as model of neurodegeneration. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1007:129\u201355.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"509_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.1865","volume":"8","author":"DP Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones DP. Redefining oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006;8:1865\u201379.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"509_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2007.00406.x","volume":"8","author":"M Metwally","year":"2007","unstructured":"Metwally M, Li TC, Ledger WL. The impact of obesity on female reproductive function. Obes Rev. 2007;8:515\u201323.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"509_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2174\/157016106777698469","volume":"4","author":"MA Haidara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haidara MA, Yassin HZ, Rateb M, Ammar H, Zorkani MA. Role of oxidative stress in development of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2006;4:215\u201327.","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"509_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309326","volume":"120","author":"U Forstermann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Forstermann U, Xia N, Li H. Roles of vascular oxidative stress and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2017;120:713\u201335.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"509_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/35041687","volume":"408","author":"T Finkel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature. 2000;408:239\u201347.","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"509_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03061.x","volume":"144","author":"JR Palacio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Palacio JR, Iborra A, Ulcova-Gallova Z, Badia R, Martinez P. The presence of antibodies to oxidative modified proteins in serum from polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006;144:217\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"509_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(01)00245-4","volume":"34","author":"T Sabuncu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sabuncu T, Vural H, Harma M, Harma M. Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome and its contribution to the risk of cardiovascular disease. Clin Biochem. 2001;34:407\u201313.","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"509_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S166461","volume":"10","author":"MA Sulaiman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sulaiman MA, Al-Farsi YM, Al-Khaduri MM, Saleh J, Waly MI. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is linked to increased oxidative stress in Omani women. Int J Women's Health. 2018;10:763\u201371.","journal-title":"Int J Women's Health"},{"key":"509_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2018.45.3.116","volume":"45","author":"S Sak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sak S, Uyanikoglu H, Incebiyik A, Incebiyik H, Hilali NG, Sabuncu T, et al. Associations of serum fetuin-a and oxidative stress parameters with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2018;45:116\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"509_CR57","first-page":"373","volume":"13","author":"M Moti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moti M, Amini L, Mirhoseini Ardakani SS, Kamalzadeh S, Masoomikarimi M, Jafarisani M. Oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defense system in Iranian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Iran J Reprod Med. 2015;13:373\u20138.","journal-title":"Iran J Reprod Med"},{"key":"509_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00702.2009","volume":"108","author":"F Holguin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Holguin F, Fitzpatrick A. Obesity, asthma, and oxidative stress. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010;108:754\u20139.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"509_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3494","volume":"25","author":"HD Choi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Choi HD, Kim JH, Chang MJ, Kyu-Youn Y, Shin WG. Effects of astaxanthin on oxidative stress in overweight and obese adults. Phytother Res. 2011;25:1813\u20138.","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"509_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2015.1101067","volume":"19","author":"S Mahalingaiah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mahalingaiah S, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Targets to treat metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2015;19:1561\u201374.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"509_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2015.03.005","volume":"71","author":"HN Siti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siti HN, Kamisah Y, Kamsiah J. The role of oxidative stress, antioxidants and vascular inflammation in cardiovascular disease (a review). Vasc Pharmacol. 2015;71:40\u201356.","journal-title":"Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"509_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5336","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0694","volume":"90","author":"F Gonzalez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gonzalez F, Minium J, Rote NS, Kirwan JP. Hyperglycemia alters tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from mononuclear cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:5336\u201342.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3333","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei258","volume":"20","author":"M Yilmaz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yilmaz M, Bukan N, Ayvaz G, Karakoc A, Toruner F, Cakir N, et al. The effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on oxidative stress and homocysteine levels in lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2005;20:3333\u201340.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR64","first-page":"319a","volume":"12","author":"PC Piotrowski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piotrowski PC, Rzepczynska IJ, Kwintkiewicz J, Duleba AJ. Oxidative stress induces expression of CYP11A, CYP17, star and 3 beta HSD in rat theca-interstitial cells. J Soc Gynecol Invest. 2005;12:319a.","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Invest"},{"key":"509_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4400476","volume":"6","author":"AG Porter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Porter AG, Janicke RU. Emerging roles of caspase-3 in apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 1999;6:99\u2013104.","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"509_CR66","first-page":"643","volume":"22","author":"H Uyanikoglu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Uyanikoglu H, Sabuncu T, Dursun H, Sezen H, Aksoy N. Circulating levels of apoptotic markers and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-controlled descriptive study. Biomarkers. 2017;22:643\u20137.","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"509_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2015.12.010","volume":"32","author":"R Nunez-Calonge","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nunez-Calonge R, Cortes S, Gutierrez Gonzalez LM, Kireev R, Vara E, Ortega L, et al. Oxidative stress in follicular fluid of young women with low response compared with fertile oocyte donors. Reprod BioMed Online. 2016;32:446\u201356.","journal-title":"Reprod BioMed Online"},{"key":"509_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmq032","volume":"17","author":"J Qiao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qiao J, Feng HL. Extra- and intra-ovarian factors in polycystic ovary syndrome: impact on oocyte maturation and embryo developmental competence. Hum Reprod Update. 2011;17:17\u201333.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"509_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.5152\/jtgga.2013.53323","volume":"14","author":"E Yalcinkaya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yalcinkaya E, Cakiroglu Y, Doger E, Budak O, Cekmen M, Caliskan E. Effect of follicular fluid NO, MDA and GSH levels on in vitro fertilization outcomes. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2013;14:136\u201341.","journal-title":"J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc"},{"key":"509_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1113\/eph8802514","volume":"88","author":"P Fernandez-Silva","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fernandez-Silva P, Enriquez JA, Montoya J. Replication and transcription of mammalian mitochondrial DNA. Exp Physiol. 2003;88:41\u201356.","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"509_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp018","volume":"37","author":"I Bratic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bratic I, Hench J, Henriksson J, Antebi A, Burglin TR, Trifunovic A. Mitochondrial DNA level, but not active replicase, is essential for Caenorhabditis elegans development. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009;37:1817\u201328.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"509_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S1673-8527(08)60099-5","volume":"36","author":"LL Clay Montier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clay Montier LL, Deng JJ, Bai Y. Number matters: control of mammalian mitochondrial DNA copy number. Journal of genetics and genomics =. Yi chuan xue bao. 2009;36:125\u201331.","journal-title":"Yi chuan xue bao"},{"key":"509_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1243260","volume":"42","author":"JG Lewis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lewis JG, Borowski KK, Shand BI, George PM, Scott RS. Plasma sex hormone-binding globulin, corticosteroid-binding globulin, cortisol, and free cortisol levels in outpatients attending a lipid disorders clinic: a cross-sectional study of 1137 subjects. Horm Metab Res. 2010;42:274\u20139.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"509_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2011.04.010","volume":"60","author":"SH Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee SH, Chung DJ, Lee HS, Kim TJ, Kim MH, Jeong HJ, et al. Mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood in polycystic ovary syndrome. Metab Clin Exp. 2011;60:1677\u201382.","journal-title":"Metab Clin Exp"},{"key":"509_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(98)00110-7","volume":"42","author":"HK Lee","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lee HK, Song JH, Shin CS, Park DJ, Park KS, Lee KU, et al. Decreased mitochondrial DNA content in peripheral blood precedes the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998;42:161\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"509_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2005.09.011","volume":"41","author":"E Hutter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hutter E, Unterluggauer H, Garedew A, Jansen-Durr P, Gnaiger E. High-resolution respirometry--a modern tool in aging research. Exp Gerontol. 2006;41:103\u20139.","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"509_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(97)00628-8","volume":"209","author":"DL Yowe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yowe DL, Ames BN. Quantitation of age-related mitochondrial DNA deletions in rat tissues shows that their pattern of accumulation differs from that of humans. Gene. 1998;209:23\u201330.","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"509_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1970","volume":"39","author":"L Cao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cao L, Shitara H, Horii T, Nagao Y, Imai H, Abe K, et al. The mitochondrial bottleneck occurs without reduction of mtDNA content in female mouse germ cells. Nat Genet. 2007;39:386\u201390.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"509_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.07.988","volume":"93","author":"Y Bentov","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bentov Y, Esfandiari N, Burstein E, Casper RF. The use of mitochondrial nutrients to improve the outcome of infertility treatment in older patients. Fertil Steril. 2010;93:272\u20135.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"509_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135954","volume":"10","author":"J Van Blerkom","year":"1995","unstructured":"Van Blerkom J, Davis PW, Lee J. ATP content of human oocytes and developmental potential and outcome after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Hum Reprod. 1995;10:415\u201324.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.032391","volume":"72","author":"T Takeuchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Takeuchi T, Neri QV, Katagiri Y, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD. Effect of treating induced mitochondrial damage on embryonic development and epigenesis. Biol Reprod. 2005;72:584\u201392.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/7.5.425","volume":"7","author":"P Reynier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Reynier P, May-Panloup P, Chretien MF, Morgan CJ, Jean M, Savagner F, et al. Mitochondrial DNA content affects the fertilizability of human oocytes. Mol Hum Reprod. 2001;7:425\u20139.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2013-098","volume":"60","author":"S-K Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee S-K, Zhao M-H, Kwon J-W, Li Y-H, Lin Z-L, Jin Y-X, et al. The association of mitochondrial potential and copy number with pig oocyte maturation and developmental potential. J Reprod Dev. 2014;60:128\u201335.","journal-title":"J Reprod Dev"},{"key":"509_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.11.049","volume":"642","author":"Y Ding","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ding Y, Xia BH, Zhang CJ, Zhuo GC. Mitochondrial tRNA (Leu (UUR)) C3275T, tRNA (Gln) T4363C and tRNA (Lys) A8343G mutations may be associated with PCOS and metabolic syndrome. Gene. 2018;642:299\u2013306.","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"509_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2017.12.010","volume":"44","author":"TV Reddy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reddy TV, Govatati S, Deenadayal M, Sisinthy S, Bhanoori M. Impact of mitochondrial DNA copy number and displacement loop alterations on polycystic ovary syndrome risk in south Indian women. Mitochondrion. 2019;44:35\u201340.","journal-title":"Mitochondrion."},{"key":"509_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1427.006","volume":"1147","author":"RC Scarpulla","year":"2008","unstructured":"Scarpulla RC. Nuclear control of respiratory chain expression by nuclear respiratory factors and PGC-1-related coactivator. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1147:321\u201334.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"509_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.05.004","volume":"1","author":"J Lin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lin J, Handschin C, Spiegelman BM. Metabolic control through the PGC-1 family of transcription coactivators. Cell Metab. 2005;1:361\u201370.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"509_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-0950-x","volume":"9","author":"Z Min","year":"2018","unstructured":"Min Z, Gao Q, Zhen X, Fan Y, Tan T, Li R, et al. New insights into the genic and metabolic characteristics of induced pluripotent stem cells from polycystic ovary syndrome women. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2018;9:210.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"509_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8464","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9464","volume":"6","author":"FR Day","year":"2015","unstructured":"Day FR, Hinds DA, Tung JY, Stolk L, Styrkarsdottir U, Saxena R, et al. Causal mechanisms and balancing selection inferred from genetic associations with polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Commun. 2015;6:8464.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"509_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/348651a0","volume":"348","author":"Y Goto","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goto Y, Nonaka I, Horai S. A mutation in the tRNA (Leu)(UUR) gene associated with the MELAS subgroup of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Nature. 1990;348:651\u20133.","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"509_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2018.05.003","volume":"86","author":"IR Ilie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ilie IR. Advances in PCOS pathogenesis and progression-mitochondrial mutations and dysfunction. Adv Clin Chem. 2018;86:127\u201355.","journal-title":"Adv Clin Chem"},{"key":"509_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-012-2358-7","volume":"286","author":"G Zhuo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhuo G, Ding Y, Feng G, Yu L, Jiang Y. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequence variants in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286:653\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"509_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102521","volume":"306","author":"FH Wilson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wilson FH, Hariri A, Farhi A, Zhao H, Petersen KF, Toka HR, et al. A cluster of metabolic defects caused by mutation in a mitochondrial tRNA. Science. 2004;306:1190\u20134.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"509_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00161-3","volume":"1410","author":"JW Taanman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Taanman JW. The mitochondrial genome: structure, transcription, translation and replication. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999;1410:103\u201323.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"509_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040668","volume":"7","author":"S Govatati","year":"2012","unstructured":"Govatati S, Tipirisetti NR, Perugu S, Kodati VL, Deenadayal M, Satti V, et al. Mitochondrial genome variations in advanced stage endometriosis: a study in south Indian population. PLoS One. 2012;7:e40668.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85363","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085363","volume":"9","author":"NR Tipirisetti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tipirisetti NR, Govatati S, Pullari P, Malempati S, Thupurani MK, Perugu S, et al. Mitochondrial control region alterations and breast cancer risk: a study in south Indian population. PLoS One. 2014;9:e85363.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-009-9308-5","volume":"48","author":"G Zhuo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhuo G, Feng G, Leng J, Yu L, Jiang Y. A 9-bp deletion homoplasmy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome revealed by mitochondrial genome-mutation screen. Biochem Genet. 2010;48:157\u201363.","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"509_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S198593","volume":"12","author":"M Eaaswarkhanth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eaaswarkhanth M, Melhem M, Sharma P, Nizam R, Al Madhoun A, Chaubey G, et al. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing reveals obesity variants in an Arab population. Appl Clin Genet. 2019;12:63\u201370.","journal-title":"Appl Clin Genet"},{"key":"509_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e94882","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094882","volume":"9","author":"N Knoll","year":"2014","unstructured":"Knoll N, Jarick I, Volckmar A-L, Klingenspor M, Illig T, Grallert H, et al. Mitochondrial DNA variants in obesity. PLoS One. 2014;9:e94882.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0275","volume":"56","author":"V Skov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Skov V, Glintborg D, Knudsen S, Jensen T, Kruse TA, Tan Q, et al. Reduced expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes. 2007;56:2349\u201355.","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"509_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14024","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14491-w","volume":"7","author":"X Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu X, Trakooljul N, Hadlich F, Murani E, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk, haplotype and copy number variation distinct in muscle fiber type, mitochondrial respiratory and metabolic enzyme activities. Sci Rep. 2017;7:14024.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"509_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e027004","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027004","volume":"9","author":"G de Marco","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Marco G, Garcia-Garcia AB, Real JT, Gonzalez-Albert V, Briongos-Figuero L-S, Cobos-Siles M, et al. Respiratory chain polymorphisms and obesity in the Spanish population, a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e027004.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"18","key":"509_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dev168609","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.168609","volume":"145","author":"Lele Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li L, Tao G, Hill MC, Zhang M, Morikawa Y, Martin JF. Pitx2 maintains mitochondrial function during regeneration to prevent myocardial fat deposition. Development. 2018;145:dev168609.\u00a0","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"509_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2056","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.306092.117","volume":"31","author":"L Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang L, Collings CK, Zhao Z, Cozzolino KA, Ma Q, Liang K, et al. A cytoplasmic COMPASS is necessary for cell survival and triple-negative breast cancer pathogenesis by regulating metabolism. Genes Dev. 2017;31:2056\u201366.","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"509_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.10.010","volume":"641","author":"TV Reddy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reddy TV, Govatati S, Deenadayal M, Shivaji S, Bhanoori M. Polymorphisms in the TFAM and PGC1-alpha genes and their association with polycystic ovary syndrome among south Indian women. Gene. 2018;641:129\u201336.","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"509_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/576748","volume":"21","author":"M Fanelli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fanelli M, Filippi E, Sentinelli F, Romeo S, Fallarino M, Buzzetti R, et al. The Gly482Ser missense mutation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) gene associates with reduced insulin sensitivity in normal and glucose-intolerant obese subjects. Dis Markers. 2005;21:175\u201380.","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"509_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19436","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19436","volume":"6","author":"L Jia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jia L, Li J, He B, Jia Y, Niu Y, Wang C, et al. Abnormally activated one-carbon metabolic pathway is associated with mtDNA hypermethylation and mitochondrial malfunction in the oocytes of polycystic gilt ovaries. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19436.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"509_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.013","volume":"86","author":"H Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao H, Zhao Y, Li T, Li M, Li J, Li R, et al. Metabolism alteration in follicular niche: the nexus among intermediary metabolism, mitochondrial function, and classic polycystic ovary syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med. 2015;86:295\u2013307.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"509_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115602777","volume":"23","author":"Y Ding","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ding Y, Zhuo G, Zhang C. The mitochondrial tRNALeu (UUR) A3302G mutation may be associated with insulin resistance in woman with polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Sci. 2016;23:228\u201333.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"509_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2012.01053.x","volume":"14","author":"SS Lim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lim SS, Norman RJ, Davies MJ, Moran LJ. The effect of obesity on polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2013;14:95\u2013109.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"509_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.02.110","volume":"107","author":"DR Meldrum","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meldrum DR. Introduction: obesity and reproduction. Fertil Steril. 2017;107:831\u20132.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"509_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg024","volume":"9","author":"R Pasquali","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pasquali R, Pelusi C, Genghini S, Cacciari M, Gambineri A. Obesity and reproductive disorders in women. Hum Reprod Update. 2003;9:359\u201372.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"509_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21625","volume":"114","author":"S Furukawa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, Iwaki M, Yamada Y, Nakajima Y, et al. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2004;114:1752\u201361.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"509_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2008.10.003","volume":"20","author":"TL Horvath","year":"2009","unstructured":"Horvath TL, Andrews ZB, Diano S. Fuel utilization by hypothalamic neurons: roles for ROS. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2009;20:78\u201387.","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1701","volume":"64","author":"AR Konopka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Konopka AR, Asante A, Lanza IR, Robinson MM, Johnson ML, Dalla Man C, et al. Defects in mitochondrial efficiency and H2O2 emissions in obese women are restored to a lean phenotype with aerobic exercise training. Diabetes. 2015;64:2104\u201315.","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"509_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew181","volume":"31","author":"CE Boots","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boots CE, Boudoures A, Zhang W, Drury A, Moley KH. Obesity-induced oocyte mitochondrial defects are partially prevented and rescued by supplementation with co-enzyme Q10 in a mouse model. Hum Reprod. 2016;31:2090\u20137.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10074","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010074","volume":"5","author":"N Igosheva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Igosheva N, Abramov AY, Poston L, Eckert JJ, Fleming TP, Duchen MR, et al. Maternal diet-induced obesity alters mitochondrial activity and redox status in mouse oocytes and zygotes. PLoS One. 2010;5:e10074.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49217","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049217","volume":"7","author":"KM Luzzo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Luzzo KM, Wang Q, Purcell SH, Chi M, Jimenez PT, Grindler N, et al. High fat diet induced developmental defects in the mouse: oocyte meiotic aneuploidy and fetal growth retardation\/brain defects. PLoS One. 2012;7:e49217.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2010.09.012","volume":"11","author":"J Van Blerkom","year":"2011","unstructured":"Van Blerkom J. Mitochondrial function in the human oocyte and embryo and their role in developmental competence. Mitochondrion. 2011;11:797\u2013813.","journal-title":"Mitochondrion."},{"key":"509_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.11.003","volume":"16","author":"IR Lanza","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lanza IR, Zabielski P, Klaus KA, Morse DM, Heppelmann CJ, Bergen HR 3rd, et al. Chronic caloric restriction preserves mitochondrial function in senescence without increasing mitochondrial biogenesis. Cell Metab. 2012;16:777\u201388.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"509_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1381\/096089202320995574","volume":"12","author":"G Kisakol","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kisakol G, Guney E, Bayraktar F, Yilmaz C, Kabalak T, Ozmen D. Effect of surgical weight loss on free radical and antioxidant balance: a preliminary report. Obes Surg. 2002;12:795\u2013800 discussion -1.","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"509_CR122","first-page":"355","volume":"86","author":"P Dandona","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dandona P, Mohanty P, Ghanim H, Aljada A, Browne R, Hamouda W, et al. The suppressive effect of dietary restriction and weight loss in the obese on the generation of reactive oxygen species by leukocytes, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:355\u201362.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5526","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160720155855","volume":"22","author":"P Moghetti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moghetti P. Insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22:5526\u201334.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"509_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2017.04.024","volume":"78","author":"P Fenichel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fenichel P, Rougier C, Hieronimus S, Chevalier N. Which origin for polycystic ovaries syndrome: genetic, environmental or both? Ann Endocrinol. 2017;78:176\u201385.","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR125","first-page":"1241","volume":"76","author":"NM O'Meara","year":"1993","unstructured":"O'Meara NM, Blackman JD, Ehrmann DA, Barnes RB, Jaspan JB, Rosenfield RL, et al. Defects in beta-cell function in functional ovarian hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;76:1241\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2003.09.002","volume":"14","author":"Y Boirie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boirie Y. Insulin regulation of mitochondrial proteins and oxidative phosphorylation in human muscle. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2003;14:393\u20134.","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1040","volume":"7","author":"JL Evans","year":"2005","unstructured":"Evans JL, Maddux BA, Goldfine ID. The molecular basis for oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2005;7:1040\u201352.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"509_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.165472","volume":"102","author":"JA Kim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim JA, Wei Y, Sowers JR. Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in insulin resistance. Circ Res. 2008;102:401\u201314.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"509_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0151960","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151960","volume":"11","author":"VM Victor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Banuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Martinez de Maranon A, Rios-Navarro C, et al. Insulin resistance in PCOS patients enhances oxidative stress and leukocyte adhesion: role of myeloperoxidase. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0151960.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.11.2950","volume":"53","author":"C Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang C, Yang J, Jennings LK. Leukocyte-derived myeloperoxidase amplifies high-glucose--induced endothelial dysfunction through interaction with high-glucose--stimulated, vascular non--leukocyte-derived reactive oxygen species. Diabetes. 2004;53:2950\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"509_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00421057","volume":"84","author":"DV Godin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Godin DV, Wohaieb SA, Garnett ME, Goumeniouk AD. Antioxidant enzyme alterations in experimental and clinical diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem. 1988;84:223\u201331.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"509_CR132","first-page":"316","volume":"43","author":"Y Ding","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ding Y, Jiang Z, Xia B, Zhang L, Zhang C, Leng J. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant therapy for an animal model of PCOS-IR. Int J Mol Med. 2019;43:316\u201324.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"509_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.6.1913","volume":"51","author":"R Sreekumar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sreekumar R, Halvatsiotis P, Schimke JC, Nair KS. Gene expression profile in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes and the effect of insulin treatment. Diabetes. 2002;51:1913\u201320.","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"509_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1180","volume":"34","author":"VK Mootha","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mootha VK, Lindgren CM, Eriksson KF, Subramanian A, Sihag S, Lehar J, et al. PGC-1alpha-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes. Nat Genet. 2003;34:267\u201373.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"509_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8466","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1032913100","volume":"100","author":"ME Patti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Patti ME, Butte AJ, Crunkhorn S, Cusi K, Berria R, Kashyap S, et al. Coordinated reduction of genes of oxidative metabolism in humans with insulin resistance and diabetes: potential role of PGC1 and NRF1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:8466\u201371.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"509_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041001","volume":"351","author":"H Yki-Jarvinen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yki-Jarvinen H. Thiazolidinediones. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1106\u201318.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"509_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2466","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002466","volume":"3","author":"V Skov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Skov V, Glintborg D, Knudsen S, Tan Q, Jensen T, Kruse TA, et al. Pioglitazone enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and ribosomal protein biosynthesis in skeletal muscle in polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One. 2008;3:e2466.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1006","volume":"90","author":"MO Goodarzi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goodarzi MO, Erickson S, Port SC, Jennrich RI, Korenman SG. Beta-cell function: a key pathological determinant in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:310\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3177","volume":"99","author":"SK Malin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Malin SK, Kirwan JP, Sia CL, Gonzalez F. Glucose-stimulated oxidative stress in mononuclear cells is related to pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:322\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1696","volume":"91","author":"F Gonzalez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gonzalez F, Rote NS, Minium J, Kirwan JP. Reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress in the development of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:336\u201340.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cb.04.110188.001445","volume":"4","author":"G Attardi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Attardi G, Schatz G. Biogenesis of mitochondria. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1988;4:289\u2013333.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Biol"},{"key":"509_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.09.003","volume":"154","author":"H Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang H, Wang X, Zhu Y, Chen F, Sun Y, Han X. Increased androgen levels in rats impair glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through disruption of pancreatic beta cell mitochondrial function. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2015;154:254\u201366.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"509_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011302","volume":"5","author":"S Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu S, Navarro G, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Androgen excess produces systemic oxidative stress and predisposes to beta-cell failure in female mice. PLoS One. 2010;5:e11302.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"509_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183024","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/183024","volume":"2013","author":"S Chappel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chappel S. The role of mitochondria from mature oocyte to viable blastocyst. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2013;2013:183024.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"key":"509_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000164","volume":"27","author":"E Babayev","year":"2015","unstructured":"Babayev E, Seli E. Oocyte mitochondrial function and reproduction. Curr Opin Obstetrics Gynecol. 2015;27:175\u201381.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstetrics Gynecol"},{"key":"509_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2006.09.001","volume":"1764","author":"S Angelucci","year":"2006","unstructured":"Angelucci S, Ciavardelli D, Di Giuseppe F, Eleuterio E, Sulpizio M, Tiboni GM, et al. Proteome analysis of human follicular fluid. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1764:1775\u201385.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"509_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfm087","volume":"98","author":"M Tsai-Turton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tsai-Turton M, Luong BT, Tan Y, Luderer U. Cyclophosphamide-induced apoptosis in COV434 human granulosa cells involves oxidative stress and glutathione depletion. Toxicol Sci. 2007;98:216\u201330.","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"509_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gam068","volume":"13","author":"J Van Blerkom","year":"2007","unstructured":"Van Blerkom J, Davis P. Mitochondrial signaling and fertilization. Mol Hum Reprod. 2007;13:759\u201370.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"509_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.suppl_2.129","volume":"15","author":"PM Motta","year":"2000","unstructured":"Motta PM, Nottola SA, Makabe S, Heyn R. Mitochondrial morphology in human fetal and adult female germ cells. Hum Reprod. 2000;15(Suppl 2):129\u201347.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah004","volume":"10","author":"BM Acton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Acton BM, Jurisicova A, Jurisica I, Casper RF. Alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential during preimplantation stages of mouse and human embryo development. Mol Hum Reprod. 2004;10:23\u201332.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gat026","volume":"19","author":"NM Grindler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grindler NM, Moley KH. Maternal obesity, infertility and mitochondrial dysfunction: potential mechanisms emerging from mouse model systems. Mol Hum Reprod. 2013;19:486\u201394.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007544","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007544","volume":"14","author":"E Hannon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hannon E, Knox O, Sugden K, Burrage J, Wong CCY, Belsky DW, et al. Characterizing genetic and environmental influences on variable DNA methylation using monozygotic and dizygotic twins. PLoS Genet. 2018;14:e1007544.","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"509_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-017-0575-y","volume":"12","author":"Q Lai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lai Q, Xiang W, Li Q, Zhang H, Li Y, Zhu G, et al. Oxidative stress in granulosa cells contributes to poor oocyte quality and IVF-ET outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Med. 2018;12:518\u201324.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"509_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2015.12.005","volume":"16","author":"V Pandey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pandey V, Singh A, Singh A, Krishna A, Pandey U, Tripathi YB. Role of oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in the rat. Reprod Biol. 2016;16:70\u20137.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol"},{"key":"509_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del003","volume":"21","author":"E Diamanti-Kandarakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Paterakis T, Alexandraki K, Piperi C, Aessopos A, Katsikis I, et al. Indices of low-grade chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome and the beneficial effect of metformin. Hum Reprod. 2006;21:1426\u201331.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.12.003","volume":"77","author":"F Gonzalez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gonzalez F. Inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome: underpinning of insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction. Steroids. 2012;77:300\u20135.","journal-title":"Steroids."},{"key":"509_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5853238","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5853238","volume":"2017","author":"N Garcia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garcia N, Zazueta C, Aguilera-Aguirre L. Oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular disease. Oxidative Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:5853238.","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"509_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00501-1","volume":"22","author":"L Flohe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Flohe L, Brigelius-Flohe R, Saliou C, Traber MG, Packer L. Redox regulation of NF-kappa B activation. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22:1115\u201326.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"509_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2016.06.002","volume":"116","author":"H Isik","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isik H, Aynioglu O, Timur H, Sahbaz A, Harma M, Can M, et al. Is xanthine oxidase activity in polycystic ovary syndrome associated with inflammatory and cardiovascular risk factors? J Reprod Immunol. 2016;116:98\u2013103.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"509_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2017.1371691","volume":"34","author":"T Artimani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Artimani T, Karimi J, Mehdizadeh M, Yavangi M, Khanlarzadeh E, Ghorbani M, et al. Evaluation of pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) and its association with inflammatory cytokines in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018;34:148\u201352.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.4.993","volume":"61","author":"RZ Spaczynski","year":"1999","unstructured":"Spaczynski RZ, Arici A, Duleba AJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates proliferation of rat ovarian theca-interstitial cells. Biol Reprod. 1999;61:993\u20138.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"509_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1665","volume":"92","author":"M Corton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Corton M, Botella-Carretero JI, Benguria A, Villuendas G, Zaballos A, San Millan JL, et al. Differential gene expression profile in omental adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:328\u201337.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18180","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24477","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Meng F, Sun X, Sun X, Hu M, Cui P, et al. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance contribute to hepatic steatosis and inflammation in female rat liver. Oncotarget. 2018;9:18180\u201397.","journal-title":"Oncotarget."},{"key":"509_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0651","volume":"96","author":"VM Victor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Victor VM, Rocha M, Banuls C, Alvarez A, de Pablo C, Sanchez-Serrano M, et al. Induction of oxidative stress and human leukocyte\/endothelial cell interactions in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:3115\u201322.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4864","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.11.8895358","volume":"137","author":"A Kaipia","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kaipia A, Chun SY, Eisenhauer K, Hsueh AJ. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its second messenger, ceramide, stimulate apoptosis in cultured ovarian follicles. Endocrinology. 1996;137:4864\u201370.","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"509_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI25102","volume":"115","author":"KE Wellen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wellen KE, Hotamisligil GS. Inflammation, stress, and diabetes. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:1111\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"509_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-151340","volume":"24","author":"G Solinas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Solinas G, Karin M. JNK1 and IKKbeta: molecular links between obesity and metabolic dysfunction. FASEB J. 2010;24:2596\u2013611.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"509_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.001","volume":"140","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakamura T, Furuhashi M, Li P, Cao H, Tuncman G, Sonenberg N, et al. Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase links pathogen sensing with stress and metabolic homeostasis. Cell. 2010;140:338\u201348.","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"509_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101322","volume":"29","author":"MF Gregor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gregor MF, Hotamisligil GS. Inflammatory mechanisms in obesity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:415\u201345.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"509_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2012.10.007","volume":"97","author":"NM Rashad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rashad NM, El-Shal AS, Abdelaziz AM. Association between inflammatory biomarker serum procalcitonin and obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Reprod Immunol. 2013;97:232\u20139.","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"509_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2014.34.4.263","volume":"34","author":"M Meisner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meisner M. Update on procalcitonin measurements. Ann Lab Med. 2014;34:263\u201373.","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"key":"509_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.8.2042","volume":"28","author":"HF Escobar-Morreale","year":"2005","unstructured":"Escobar-Morreale HF, Luque-Ramirez M, Alvarez-Blasco F, Botella-Carretero JI, Sancho J, San Millan JL. Body iron stores are increased in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2042\u20134.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"509_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2014.11.025","volume":"54","author":"JH Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang JH, Chou CH, Yang WS, Ho HN, Yang YS, Chen MJ. Iron stores and obesity are negatively associated with ovarian volume and anti-Mullerian hormone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Taiwan J Obstetrics Gynecol. 2015;54:686\u201392.","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstetrics Gynecol"},{"key":"509_CR174","first-page":"2907","volume":"83","author":"P Dandona","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dandona P, Weinstock R, Thusu K, Abdel-Rahman E, Aljada A, Wadden T. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in sera of obese patients: fall with weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:2907\u201310.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"509_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002698","volume":"132","author":"R Azziz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Azziz R. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132:321\u201336.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"509_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.05.027","volume":"238","author":"M Jamilian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jamilian M, Samimi M, Mirhosseini N, Afshar Ebrahimi F, Aghadavod E, Talaee R, et al. The influences of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Affect Disord. 2018;238:32\u20138.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"509_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-101355","volume":"50","author":"M Akbari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akbari M, Ostadmohammadi V, Lankarani KB, Tabrizi R, Kolahdooz F, Heydari ST, et al. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Horm Metab Res. 2018;50:271\u20139.","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"509_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0572","volume":"173","author":"VM Victor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Banuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Castello R, Falcon R, et al. Effects of metformin on mitochondrial function of leukocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;173:683\u201391.","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"509_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2013.17","volume":"2","author":"SA Mattmiller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mattmiller SA, Carlson BA, Sordillo LM. Regulation of inflammation by selenium and selenoproteins: impact on eicosanoid biosynthesis. J Nutr Sci. 2013;2:e28.","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci"},{"key":"509_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233713506768","volume":"32","author":"MA Ghoneim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghoneim MA, Moselhy SS. Antioxidant status and hormonal profile reflected by experimental feeding of probiotics. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016;32:741\u201350.","journal-title":"Toxicol Ind Health"},{"key":"509_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986734","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/986734","volume":"2013","author":"BM Carvalho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carvalho BM, Saad MJ. Influence of gut microbiota on subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance. Mediat Inflamm. 2013;2013:986734.","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"key":"509_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-018-0457-1","volume":"11","author":"M Jamilian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jamilian M, Mansury S, Bahmani F, Heidar Z, Amirani E, Asemi Z. The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res. 2018;11:80.","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"509_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2279","volume":"97","author":"T Sathyapalan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sathyapalan T, Shepherd J, Coady AM, Kilpatrick ES, Atkin SL. Atorvastatin reduces malondialdehyde concentrations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:3951\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T05:48:32Z","timestamp":1695102512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rbej.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"references-count":183,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-019-0509-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This review study was based on published work and therefore did not require approval by an institutional committee.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"67"}}