{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T15:08:17Z","timestamp":1788188897746,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613174400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81701413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81701413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Biol Endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Irisin, which is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (<jats:italic>Fndc5<\/jats:italic>), plays an important role in energy homeostasis. The link between energy metabolism and reproduction is well known. However, the biological actions of irisin in reproduction remain largely unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, we generated <jats:italic>Fndc5<\/jats:italic> gene mutation to create irisin deficient mice. Female wild-type (WT) and <jats:italic>Fndc5<\/jats:italic> mutant mice were fed with standard chow for 48\u2009weeks. Firstly, the survival rate, body weight and fertility were described in mice. Secondly, the levels of steroid hormones in serum were measured by ELISA, and the estrus cycle and the appearance of follicles were determined by vaginal smears and ovarian continuous sections. Thirdly, mRNA-sequencing analysis was used to compare gene expression between the ovaries of <jats:italic>Fndc5<\/jats:italic> mutant mice and those of WT mice. Finally, the effects of exogenous irisin on steroid hormone production was investigated in KGN cells.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mice lacking irisin presented increased mortality, reduced body weight and poor fertility. Analysis of sex hormones showed decreased levels of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and elevated progesterone levels in <jats:italic>Fndc5<\/jats:italic> mutant mice. Irisin deficiency in mice was associated with irregular estrus, reduced ratio of antral follicles. The expressions of <jats:italic>Akr1c18<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mamld1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Cyp19a1<\/jats:italic>, which are involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones, were reduced in the ovaries of mutant mice. Exogenous irisin could promote the expression of <jats:italic>Akr1c18<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mamld1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Cyp19a1<\/jats:italic> in KGN cells, stimulating estradiol production and inhibiting progesterone secretion.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Irisin deficiency was related to disordered endocrinology metabolism in mice. The irisin deficient mice showed poor growth and development, and decreased fertility. Irisin likely have effects on the expressions of <jats:italic>Akr1c18<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mamld1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cyp19a1<\/jats:italic> in ovary, regulating the steroid hormone production. This study provides novel insights into the potential role of irisin in mammalian growth and reproduction.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T20:42:10Z","timestamp":1613248930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Irisin deletion induces a decrease in growth and fertility in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yunyao","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxian","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangzhi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"702_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81410-5","volume":"92","author":"P Puigserver","year":"1998","unstructured":"Puigserver P, et al. A cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors linked to adaptive thermogenesis. Cell. 1998;92:829\u201339.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"702_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00036","volume":"5","author":"M Shahjahan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shahjahan M, Kitahashi T, Parhar IS. Central pathways integrating metabolism and reproduction in teleosts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2014;5:36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2014.00036.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"702_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10777","volume":"481","author":"P Bostrom","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bostrom P, et al. A PGC1-alpha-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature. 2012;481:463\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature10777.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"702_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E769","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2749","volume":"98","author":"JM Moreno-Navarrete","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moreno-Navarrete JM, et al. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98:E769\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-2749.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"702_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060563","volume":"8","author":"A Roca-Rivada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roca-Rivada A, et al. FNDC5\/irisin is not only a myokine but also an adipokine. PLoS One. 2013;8:e60563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0060563.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"702_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2014.09.014","volume":"61","author":"S Aydin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aydin S, et al. A comprehensive immunohistochemical examination of the distribution of the fat-burning protein irisin in biological tissues. Peptides. 2014;61:130\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2014.09.014.","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"702_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1080\/10520295.2017.1303194","volume":"92","author":"FM Gur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gur FM, Timurkaan S, Yalcin MH, Girgin A, Gencer Tarakci B. Immunohistochemical localization of irisin in mole rats (Spalax leucodon). Biotechnic & histochemistry. 2017;92:245\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10520295.2017.1303194.","journal-title":"Biotechnic & histochemistry"},{"key":"702_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2017.06.018","volume":"185","author":"Q Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang Q, Zhang Q, Lian A, Xu Y. Irisin stimulates gonadotropins gene expression in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) pituitary cells. Anim Reprod Sci. 2017;185:140\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2017.06.018.","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"702_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719117711264","volume":"25","author":"E Bastu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bastu E, et al. Effects of Irisin and exercise on metabolic parameters and reproductive hormone levels in high-fat diet-induced obese female mice. Reprod Sci. 2018;25:281\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719117711264.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"702_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2017.05.011","volume":"17","author":"L Poretsky","year":"2017","unstructured":"Poretsky L, et al. Reproductive effects of irisin: initial in vitro studies. Reprod Biol. 2017;17:285\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.repbio.2017.05.011.","journal-title":"Reprod Biol"},{"key":"702_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8815","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27541","volume":"234","author":"S Tekin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tekin S, et al. Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of irisin on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis in male rats. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:8815\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.27541.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"702_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wagner IV, Yango P, Svechnikov K, Tran ND, Soder O. Adipocytokines may delay pubertal maturation of human Sertoli cells. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/rd18487.","DOI":"10.1071\/rd18487"},{"key":"702_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1208","volume":"100","author":"T Reinehr","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reinehr T, Elfers C, Lass N, Roth CL. Irisin and its relation to insulin resistance and puberty in obese children: a longitudinal analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100:2123\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2015-1208.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"702_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165229","volume":"11","author":"M Hernandez-Trejo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hernandez-Trejo M, Garcia-Rivas G, Torres-Quintanilla A, Laresgoiti-Servitje E. Relationship between Irisin concentration and serum cytokines in mother and newborn. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0165229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0165229.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"702_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1106","volume":"63","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang Y, et al. Irisin stimulates browning of white adipocytes through mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 MAP kinase and ERK MAP kinase signaling. Diabetes. 2014;63:514\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db13-1106.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"702_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.087015","volume":"83","author":"I Hernandez-Ochoa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hernandez-Ochoa I, et al. The ability of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to regulate ovarian follicle growth and estradiol biosynthesis in mice depends on stage of sexual maturity. Biol Reprod. 2010;83:698\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod.110.087015.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"702_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod27.2.327","volume":"27","author":"JF Nelson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Nelson JF, Felicio LS, Randall PK. Sims, C. & finch, C. E. a longitudinal study of estrous cyclicity in aging C57BL\/6J mice: I. cycle frequency, length and vaginal cytology. Biol Reprod. 1982;27:327\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1095\/biolreprod27.2.327.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"702_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14705","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14705","volume":"5","author":"M Miyado","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miyado M, et al. Parturition failure in mice lacking Mamld1. Sci Rep. 2015;5:14705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep14705.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"702_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.3963","volume":"9","author":"C Binay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Binay C, Paketci C, Guzel S, Samanci N. Serum Irisin and oxytocin levels as predictors of metabolic parameters in obese children. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology. 2017;9:124\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/jcrpe.3963.","journal-title":"Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology"},{"key":"702_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2006.12.010","volume":"151","author":"LF Canosa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Canosa LF, Chang JP, Peter RE. Neuroendocrine control of growth hormone in fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2007;151:1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2006.12.010.","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1556\/650.2019.31507","volume":"160","author":"T Halmos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Halmos T, Suba I. The physiological role of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors. Orv Hetil. 2019;160:1774\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/650.2019.31507.","journal-title":"Orv Hetil"},{"key":"702_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607195019002137","volume":"19","author":"M Jeevanandam","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jeevanandam M, Ali MR, Holaday NJ, Petersen SR. Adjuvant recombinant human growth hormone normalizes plasma amino acids in parenterally fed trauma patients. JPEN. 1995;19:137\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0148607195019002137.","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"702_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2005.11.021","volume":"144","author":"AO Wong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wong AO, Zhou H, Jiang Y, Ko WK. Feedback regulation of growth hormone synthesis and secretion in fish and the emerging concept of intrapituitary feedback loop. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006;144:284\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpa.2005.11.021.","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"702_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.09.030","volume":"439","author":"A Lian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lian A, Li X, Jiang Q. Irisin inhibition of growth hormone secretion in cultured tilapia pituitary cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017;439:395\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2016.09.030.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huh, J. Y. et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise Metabolism: clinical and experimental 61, 1725\u20131738, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2012.09.002 (2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2012.09.002"},{"key":"702_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huh, J. Y., Dincer, F., Mesfum, E. & Mantzoros, C. S. Irisin stimulates muscle growth-related genes and regulates adipocyte differentiation and metabolism in humans. International journal of obesity (2005) 38, 1538\u20131544, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ijo.2014.42 (2014).","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.42"},{"key":"702_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0739-7240(02)00170-4","volume":"23","author":"R Renaville","year":"2002","unstructured":"Renaville R, Hammadi M, Portetelle D. Role of the somatotropic axis in the mammalian metabolism. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2002;23:351\u201360.","journal-title":"Domest Anim Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2006.11.005","volume":"36","author":"JO Jorgensen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jorgensen JO, Moller L, Krag M, Billestrup N, Christiansen JS. Effects of growth hormone on glucose and fat metabolism in human subjects. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 2007;36:75\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecl.2006.11.005.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"key":"702_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.6.0321","volume":"18","author":"S Rajaram","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rajaram S, Baylink DJ, Mohan S. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in serum and other biological fluids: regulation and functions. Endocr Rev. 1997;18:801\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/edrv.18.6.0321.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"702_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17368","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74588-7","volume":"10","author":"Y Luo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luo Y, et al. Disordered metabolism in mice lacking irisin. Sci Rep. 2020;10:17368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-74588-7.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"702_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0913-x","volume":"54","author":"M Zugel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zugel M, et al. The role of sex, adiposity, and gonadectomy in the regulation of irisin secretion. Endocrine. 2016;54:101\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-016-0913-x.","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"702_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2004-0302","volume":"19","author":"RP Piekorz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piekorz RP, Gingras S, Hoffmeyer A, Ihle JN, Weinstein Y. Regulation of progesterone levels during pregnancy and parturition by signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Mol Endocrinol. 2005;19:431\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/me.2004-0302.","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2014-1324","volume":"29","author":"R Mejia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mejia R, Waite C, Ascoli M. Activation of Gq\/11 in the mouse corpus luteum is required for parturition. Mol Endocrinol. 2015;29:238\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/me.2014-1324.","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019123","volume":"6","author":"M Nakamura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakamura M, et al. Mamld1 knockdown reduces testosterone production and Cyp17a1 expression in mouse Leydig tumor cells. PLoS One. 2011;6:e19123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0019123.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"702_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1900","volume":"38","author":"M Fukami","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fukami M, et al. CXorf6 is a causative gene for hypospadias. Nat Genet. 2006;38:1369\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng1900.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"702_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901161","volume":"118","author":"J Kwintkiewicz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kwintkiewicz J, Nishi Y, Yanase T, Giudice LC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma mediates bisphenol a inhibition of FSH-stimulated IGF-1, aromatase, and estradiol in human granulosa cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2010;118:400\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0901161.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"702_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.3461141.x","volume":"47","author":"E Alexandris","year":"1997","unstructured":"Alexandris E, et al. Changes in gonadotrophin response to gonadotrophin releasing hormone in normal women following bilateral ovariectomy. Clin Endocrinol. 1997;47:721\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019174","volume":"11","author":"R Kazem","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kazem R, et al. Effect of mifepristone (RU486) on the pituitary response to gonadotrophin releasing hormone in women. Hum Reprod. 1996;11:2585\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019174.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"702_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1172\/jci111370","volume":"73","author":"M Filicori","year":"1984","unstructured":"Filicori M, Butler JP, Crowley WF Jr. Neuroendocrine regulation of the corpus luteum in the human. Evidence for pulsatile progesterone secretion. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1984;73:1638\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci111370.","journal-title":"The Journal of clinical investigation"},{"key":"702_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-62-6-1136","volume":"62","author":"M Filicori","year":"1986","unstructured":"Filicori M, Santoro N, Merriam GR, Crowley WF Jr. Characterization of the physiological pattern of episodic gonadotropin secretion throughout the human menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;62:1136\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem-62-6-1136.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"702_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.6.0318","volume":"18","author":"A Dunaif","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dunaif A. Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis. Endocr Rev. 1997;18:774\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/edrv.18.6.0318.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"702_CR42","first-page":"37","volume":"40","author":"N Naderpoor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Naderpoor N, et al. Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome. Minerva Endocrinol. 2015;40:37\u201351.","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2014.984676","volume":"31","author":"CI Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen CI, et al. Adiponectin and leptin in overweight\/obese and lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:264\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09513590.2014.984676.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2544","volume":"100","author":"M Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li M, et al. Elevated circulating levels of irisin and the effect of metformin treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100:1485\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2014-2544.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"702_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.02.019","volume":"13","author":"AA Foda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foda AA, Foda EA, El-Said ZH. Serum irisin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome after ovarian drilling. Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;13:1463\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.02.019.","journal-title":"Diabetes & metabolic syndrome"},{"key":"702_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adamska, A. et al. Serum irisin and its regulation by hyperinsulinemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine journal 63, 1107\u20131112, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1507\/endocrj. EJ16-0249 (2016).","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj"},{"key":"702_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2015.1065482","volume":"31","author":"K Pukaj\u0142o","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pukaj\u0142o K, et al. Irisin plasma concentration in PCOS and healthy subjects is related to body fat content and android fat distribution. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015;31:907\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09513590.2015.1065482.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"702_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2767","volume":"32","author":"S Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao S, Cheng Y, Zhao L, Chen Y, Liu Y. The relationships of irisin with bone mineral density and body composition in PCOS patients. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2016;32:421\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.2767.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"702_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2016.1174200","volume":"36","author":"R Abali","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abali R, et al. Implications of circulating irisin and Fabp4 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology. 2016;36:897\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/01443615.2016.1174200.","journal-title":"Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T03:21:17Z","timestamp":1625887277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rbej.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-021-00702-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2021","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"An additional reference was added in the captions of figures 1 and 2. The article has been updated.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, China.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the authors grant consent of the publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent of publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"22"}}