{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T11:22:41Z","timestamp":1785583361807,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["#81804092 and 81704086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#81804092 and 81704086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China","award":["#LY19H270012 and GF20H270004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#LY19H270012 and GF20H270004"]}]},{"name":"the Hangzhou Health Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["#2018A38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2018A38"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Biol Endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Many infertile couples might experience erectile dysfunction (ED) and significant changes in the quality of sexual life and psychological state though information is limited in secondary infertile men in China. To determine whether primary or secondary infertility is associated with ED, psychological disorders, and sexual performance.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional survey conducted at the Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (06\/2019-01\/2020). The participants completed a questionnaire including general information, sexual life, simplified International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with ED, depression, and anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ED was more frequent in secondary vs. primary infertility (46.5\u2009% vs. 26.7\u2009%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Compared with men with primary infertility, those with secondary infertility showed lower IIEF-5 scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), higher occurrence of TOIF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), had a higher awareness of partner\u2019s ovulation when having ED (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), lower GAD-7 scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016), lower libido (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), fewer intercourses per month (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and a lower sexual satisfaction score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027). In the multivariate analysis, primary infertility was found to be an independent risk factor of anxiety (OR: 1.812, 95\u2009%CI: 1.015\u20133.236). Some overlap is observed in factors associated with ED, psychological disorders, and sexual performance between primary and secondary infertility, but some factors are distinct.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The prevalence of ED in secondary infertility men was higher than that of primary infertility men, and the quality of sexual life was decreased. Primary infertility is an independent risk factor of anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-021-00720-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T10:03:37Z","timestamp":1615284217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Prevalence and associated factors of erectile dysfunction, psychological disorders, and sexual performance in primary vs. secondary infertility men"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jianxiong","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binghao","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangqiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haisong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"720_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-21","volume":"8","author":"RM Kamel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kamel RM. 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