{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T13:19:17Z","timestamp":1793366357471,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Biol Endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Endometriosis is a complex syndrome characterized by an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory process that affects 10% of women of reproductive age. Ovarian endometriosis (OE) is the most common lesion in endometriosis and may cause infertility, in addition to dysmenorrhea. Hormonal treatments, which are the conventional treatment methods for endometriosis, suppress ovulation and hence are not compatible with fertility. The inflammasome is a complex that includes Nod-like receptor (NLR) family proteins, which sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns and homeostasis-altering molecular processes. It has been reported that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) 3 inflammasome, which contributes to the activation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2), might be related to the progression of endometriosis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate non-hormonal therapies for OE, such as inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The expression of NLRP3 was measured in the eutopic endometrium (EM) of patients with and without endometriosis and OE samples, as well as stromal cells derived from the endometrium of patients with and without endometriosis and OE samples (endometrial stromal cells with endometriosis [ESCs] and cyst-derived stromal cells [CSCs]). The effects of an NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950) on ESCs and CSCs survival and IL-1\u03b2 production were evaluated. We then administered MCC950 to a murine model of OE to evaluate its effects on OE lesions and ovarian function.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NLRP3 gene and protein expression levels were higher in OE and CSCs than in EM and ESCs, respectively. MCC950 treatment significantly reduced the survival of CSCs, but not that of ESCs. Moreover, MCC950 treatment reduced the co-localization of NLRP3 and IL-1\u03b2 in CSCs, as well as IL-1\u03b2 concentrations in CSCs supernatants. In the murine model, MCC950 treatment reduced OE lesion size compared to phosphate-buffered saline treatment (89\u2009\u00b1\u200915 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 49\u2009\u00b1\u20099.3 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> per ovary; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In the MCC950-treated group, IL-1\u03b2 and Ki67 levels in the OE-associated epithelia were reduced along with the oxidative stress markers of granulosa cells.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results indicated that NLRP3\/IL-1\u03b2 is involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and that NLRP3 inhibitors may be useful for suppressing OE and improving the function of ovaries with endometriosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-022-00924-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T13:05:19Z","timestamp":1648559119000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Effectiveness of NLRP3 Inhibitor as a Non-Hormonal Treatment for ovarian endometriosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mayuko","family":"Murakami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4430-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoko","family":"Osuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Muraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shotaro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Bayasula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiyo","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reina","family":"Sonehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumi","family":"Hariyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanako","family":"Shinjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natsuki","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayako","family":"Yoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natsuki","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kajiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"924_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2018.06.001","volume":"51","author":"AL Shafrir","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shafrir AL, Farland LV, Shah DK, Harris HR, Kvaskoff M, Zondervan K, et al. 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Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to participation in the study. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Experimental Committee of the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine (31452).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declared that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"58"}}