{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]],"date-time":"2025-07-12T01:18:06Z","timestamp":1752283086188},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Biol Endocrinol"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Ovarian stimulation and the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for triggering oocyte maturation in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) introduces several differences in luteal phase hormone levels compared with natural cycles that may negatively impact on endometrial receptivity and pregnancy rates after fresh embryo transfer. Exogenous luteal phase support is given to overcome these issues. The suitability of a pragmatic approach to luteal phase support is not known due to a lack of data on early phase luteal hormone levels and their association with fertility outcomes during IVF with fresh embryo transfer. This study determined early luteal phase profiles of serum progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and hCG, and associations between hormone levels\/hormone level profile after hCG trigger and the live birth rate in women undergoing IVF with fresh embryo transfer.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This prospective single center, cohort study was conducted in Vietnam from January 2021 to December 2022. Women aged 18\u201338 years with normal ovarian reserve and undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol were included. Serum hormone levels were determined before trigger, at 12, 24 and 36\u00a0h after hCG, and daily from 1 to 6 days after oocyte pick-up. Serum hormone level profiles were classified as lower or upper. The primary outcome was live birth rate based on early luteal phase hormone level profile.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n Results<\/jats:title>\n Ninety-five women were enrolled. Live birth occurred in 19\/69 women (27.5%) with a lower progesterone profile and 13\/22 (59.1%) with an upper progesterone profile (risk ratio [RR] 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28\u20133.60), and in 6\/31 (19.4%) versus 26\/60 (43.3%) with a lower versus upper serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone profile (RR 2.24; 95% CI 1.03\u20134.86). Nearly 20% of women had peak progesterone concentration on or before day 3 after oocyte pick-up, and this was associated with significantly lower chances of having a life birth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n These data show the importance of proper corpus luteum function with sufficient progesterone\/17-hydroxyprogesterone production for achievement of pregnancy and to maximize the chance of live birth during IVF.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n NCT04693624 (www.clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T05:01:48Z","timestamp":1716181308000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In vitro fertilization outcome based on the detailed early luteal phase trajectory of hormones: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"N Vuong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toan","family":"D Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vu","family":"N A Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anh","family":"T L Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuong","family":"M Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Yding Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1229_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8197","volume":"87","author":"BC Fauser","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fauser BC, de Jong D, Olivennes F, Wramsby H, Tay C, Itskovitz-Eldor J, van Hooren HG. Endocrine profiles after triggering of final oocyte maturation with GnRH agonist after cotreatment with the GnRH antagonist ganirelix during ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:709\u201315.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1229_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3109\/09513599609012319","volume":"10","author":"A Weissman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weissman A, Lurie S, Zalel Y, Goldchmit R, Shoham Z. Human chorionic gonadotropin: pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous administration. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1996;10:273\u20136.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"1229_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2014.01.012","volume":"28","author":"C Yding Andersen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yding Andersen C, Vilbour Andersen K. Improving the luteal phase after ovarian stimulation: reviewing new options. Reprod Biomed Online. 2014;28:552\u20139.","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"1229_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez235","volume":"35","author":"LN Vuong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vuong LN, Ho TM, Pham TD, Ho VNA, Andersen CY, Humaidan P. The early luteal hormonal profile in IVF patients triggered with hCG. Hum Reprod. 2020;35:157\u201366.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"1229_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00137","volume":"11","author":"LN Vuong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vuong LN, Pham TD, Ho VNA, Ho TM, Humaidan P, Andersen CY. Determinants of the hCG concentration in the early luteal phase after final maturation of follicles with bolus trigger of recombinant hCG. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:137.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"1229_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.05.022","volume":"114","author":"C Yding Andersen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yding Andersen C, Kelsey T, Mamsen LS, Vuong LN. Shortcomings of an unphysiological triggering of oocyte maturation using human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril. 2020;114:200\u20138.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1229_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der106","volume":"26","author":"SK Sunkara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sunkara SK, Rittenberg V, Raine-Fenning N, Bhattacharya S, Zamora J, Coomarasamy A. Association between the number of eggs and live birth in IVF treatment: an analysis of 400 135 treatment cycles. Hum Reprod. 2011;26:1768\u201374.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"1229_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.3.8702","volume":"143","author":"T Hirakawa","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hirakawa T, Galet C, Ascoli M. MA-10 cells transfected with the human lutropin\/choriogonadotropin receptor (hLHR): a novel experimental paradigm to study the functional properties of the hLHR. Endocrinology. 2002;143:1026\u201335.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T05:04:35Z","timestamp":1716181475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rbej.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1229"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12958-024-01229-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-7827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-7827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Vietnam Ethic Review Board approved this study (approval number: 18\/20\/DD-BVMD).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The lead author affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported. The reporting of this work is compliant with STROBE guidelines. The lead author affirms that no important aspects of the study have been omitted and that any discrepancies from the study as planned. The IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Vietnam Ethic Review Board approved this study (approval number: 18\/20\/DD-BVMD). This prospective cohort study was registered at on 28 December 2020 (registration number: NCT04693624).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Transparency declaration"}}],"article-number":"56"}}