{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:03:13Z","timestamp":1790672593879,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Commun Signal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most significant cause of treatment failure in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a persistent population of minimal residual cells. Emerging evidences showed that methylation of SHP-1 contributed to Imatinib (IM) resistance. Baicalein was reported to have an effect on reversal of chemotherapeutic agents resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of Baicalein on JAK2\/STAT5 signaling inhibition against drug resistance in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment that had not been clearly revealed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We co-cultured hBMSCs and CML CD34\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells as a model of SFM-DR. Further researches were performed to clarify the reverse mechanisms of Baicalein on SFM-DR model and engraftment model. The apoptosis, cytotoxicity, proliferation, GM-CSF secretion, JAK2\/STAT5 activity, the expression of SHP-1 and DNMT1 were analyzed. To validate the role of SHP-1 on the reversal effect of Baicalein, the SHP-1 gene was over-expressed by pCMV6-entry shp-1 and silenced by SHP-1 shRNA, respectively. Meanwhile, the DNMT1 inhibitor decitabine was used. The methylation extent of SHP-1 was evaluated using MSP and BSP. The molecular docking was replenished to further explore the binding possibility of Baicalein and DNMT1.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BCR\/ABL-independent activation of JAK2\/STAT5 signaling was involved in IM resistance in CML CD34\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      subpopulation. Baicalein significantly reversed BM microenvironment-induced IM resistance not through reducing GM-CSF secretion, but interfering DNMT1 expression and activity. Baicalein induced DNMT1-mediated demethylation of the SHP-1 promoter region, and subsequently activated SHP-1 re-expression, which resulted in an inhibition of JAK2\/STAT5 signaling in resistant CML CD34\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells. Molecular docking model indicated that DNMT1 and Baicalein had binding pockets in 3D structures, which further supported Baicalein might be a small-molecule inhibitor targeting DNMT1.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mechanism of Baicalein on improving the sensitivity of CD34\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      cells to IM might be correlated with SHP-1 demethylation by inhibition of DNMT1 expression. These findings suggested that Baicalein could be a promising candidate by targeting DNMT1 to eradicate minimal residual disease in CML patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01049-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T08:03:02Z","timestamp":1677830582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Induction of DNMT1-dependent demethylation of SHP-1 by the natural flavonoid compound Baicalein overcame Imatinib-resistance in CML CD34+ cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xuefen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shufan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizhong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"1049_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062867","volume":"355","author":"BJ Druker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Druker BJ, Guilhot F, O\u2019Brien SG, Gathmann I, Kantarjian H, Gattermann N, et al. 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All patients provided written informed consent. Animal care and surgery protocols were approved by the Animal Care Committee of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. All animals were treated and used in a scientifically valid and ethical manner.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agree to submit for publication in \u201cCell Communication and Signaling\u201d.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors declare they have no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"47"}}