{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:20:58Z","timestamp":1792156858669,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Shanghai Science and Technology Development Funds","award":["22QA1409900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22QA1409900"]}]},{"name":"the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation","award":["23ZR1470100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ZR1470100"]}]},{"name":"the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation","award":["21ZR1414400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21ZR1414400"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project"},{"name":"Shanghai Oriental Talent Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82103259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82103259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82203520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82203520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81972260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Medical Innovation Research Project","award":["22Y11907600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y11907600"]}]},{"name":"CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research","award":["YSBR-014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSBR-014"]}]},{"name":"the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai","award":["SHSMU-ZLCX20212302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHSMU-ZLCX20212302"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Commun Signal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>While de novo cholesterol biosynthesis plays a crucial role in chemotherapy resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC), the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted cell proliferation assays on CRC cells with or without depletion of squalene epoxidase (SQLE), with or without 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. Additionally, a xenograft mouse model was utilized to explore the impact of SQLE on the chemosensitivity of CRC to 5-FU. RNA-sequencing analysis and immunoblotting analysis were performed to clarify the mechanism. We further explore the effect of SQLE depletion on the ubiquitin of NF-\u03baB inhibitor alpha (I\u03baB\u03b1) and (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene on the binding of I\u03baB\u03b1 to beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (BTRC) by using immunoprecipitation assay. In addition, a cohort of 272 CRC patients were selected for our clinical analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mechanistically, (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene promotes I\u03baB\u03b1 degradation and subsequent NF-\u03baB activation by enhancing the interaction between BTRC and I\u03baB\u03b1. Activated NF-\u03baB upregulates the expression of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), sustains tumor cell survival after 5-FU treatment and promotes 5-FU resistance of CRC in vivo. Notably, the treatment of terbinafine, an inhibitor of SQLE commonly used as antifungal drug in clinic, enhances the sensitivity of CRC to 5-FU in vivo. Additionally, the expression of SQLE is associated with the prognosis of human CRC patients with 5-FU-based chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thus, our finding not only demonstrates a new role of SQLE in chemoresistance of CRC, but also reveals a novel mechanism of (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene-dependent NF-\u03baB activation, implicating the combined potential of terbinafine for 5-FU-based CRC treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T07:01:44Z","timestamp":1716015704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Squalene epoxidase promotes the chemoresistance of colorectal cancer via (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene-activated NF-\u03baB"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dakui","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zezhi","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyong","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingguo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21820","volume":"74","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Giaquinto AN, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2024. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(1):12\u201349.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1649_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1038\/1841213a0","volume":"184","author":"J Horowitz","year":"1959","unstructured":"Horowitz J, Chargaff E. Massive incorporation of 5-fluorouracil into a bacterial ribonucleic acid. Nature. 1959;184:1213\u20135.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(90)90080-L","volume":"48","author":"GC Daher","year":"1990","unstructured":"Daher GC, Harris BE, Diasio RB. Metabolism of pyrimidine analogues and their nucleosides. Pharmacol Ther. 1990;48(2):189\u2013222.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"1649_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djad164","volume":"115","author":"T Reif de Paula","year":"2023","unstructured":"Reif de Paula T, Keller DS. A national evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy in pT4N0M0 colon cancer from the National Cancer Database. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023;115(12):1616\u201325.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"10","key":"1649_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11073","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5594","volume":"12","author":"SC Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma SC, et al. Novel strategies to reverse chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med. 2023;12(10):11073\u201396.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"1649_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i10.1569","volume":"29","author":"W Leowattana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Leowattana W, Leowattana P, Leowattana T. Systemic treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2023;29(10):1569\u201388.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1649_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00041","volume":"4","author":"FJ Sharom","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sharom FJ. Complex interplay between the P-Glycoprotein multidrug efflux pump and the membrane: its role in modulating protein function. Front Oncol. 2014;4:41.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/10409238.2019.1568964","volume":"54","author":"DD Waller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Waller DD, Park J, Tsantrizos YS. Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and\/or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) biosynthesis and its implication in the treatment of cancers. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2019;54(1):41\u201360.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6162","key":"1649_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241908","volume":"342","author":"ER Nelson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nelson ER, et al. 27-Hydroxycholesterol links hypercholesterolemia and breast cancer pathophysiology. Science. 2013;342(6162):1094\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1649_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9054","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09054","volume":"5","author":"F Maione","year":"2015","unstructured":"Maione F, et al. The cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme oxidosqualene cyclase is a new target to impair tumour angiogenesis and metastasis dissemination. Sci Rep. 2015;5:9054.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"1649_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70054-1","volume":"11","author":"R Aft","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aft R, et al. Effect of zoledronic acid on disseminated tumour cells in women with locally advanced breast cancer: an open label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(5):421\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1649_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808063390601","volume":"339","author":"IJ Diel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Diel IJ, et al. Reduction in new metastases in breast cancer with adjuvant clodronate treatment. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(6):357\u201363.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1649_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.12944","volume":"10","author":"H Ge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ge H, et al. Squalene epoxidase promotes the proliferation and metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells though extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling. Thorac Cancer. 2019;10(3):428\u201336.","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmw127","volume":"49","author":"Y Qin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qin Y, et al. SQLE induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by regulating of miR-133b in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2017;49(2):138\u201348.","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai)"},{"issue":"8","key":"1649_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6173","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-3301-x","volume":"36","author":"Z Sui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sui Z, et al. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) promotes the growth and migration of the hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(8):6173\u20139.","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"issue":"370","key":"1649_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"re4","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2005970","volume":"8","author":"M Thurnher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thurnher M, Gruenbacher G. Tlymphocyte regulation by mevalonate metabolism. Sci Signal. 2015;8(370):re4.","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"1649_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2023.0340","volume":"39","author":"F Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen F, et al. Cholesterol Metabolism in Cancer and Cell Death. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2023;39(1\u20133):102\u201340.","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01547-3","volume":"21","author":"Z Pan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pan Z, et al. Cholesterol promotes EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC by inducing EGFR\/Src\/Erk\/SP1 signaling-mediated ERR\u03b1 re-expression. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):77.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02041-2","volume":"40","author":"W Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang W, et al. Statins: a repurposed drug to fight cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2021;40(1):241.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1649_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05987-7","volume":"14","author":"R Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu R, et al. SQLE promotes pancreatic cancer growth by attenuating ER stress and activating lipid rafts-regulated Src\/PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis. 2023;14(8):497.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"1649_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2020.101033","volume":"79","author":"NK Chua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chua NK, Coates HW, Brown AJ. Squalene monooxygenase: a journey to the heart of cholesterol synthesis. Prog Lipid Res. 2020;79:101033.","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"key":"1649_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01549","volume":"10","author":"X Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han X, et al. Inference of subpathway activity profiles reveals metabolism abnormal subpathway regions in glioblastoma multiforme. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1549.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"13","key":"1649_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4103","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.85724","volume":"19","author":"Y Du","year":"2023","unstructured":"Du Y, Rokavec M, Hermeking H. Squalene epoxidase\/SQLE is a candidate target for treatment of colorectal cancers with p53 mutation and elevated c-MYC expression. Int J Biol Sci. 2023;19(13):4103\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"1649_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12187","volume":"41","author":"L He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He L, et al. Squalene epoxidase promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation through accumulating calcitriol and activating CYP24A1-mediated MAPK signaling. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2021;41(8):726\u201346.","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"key":"1649_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yu H, Zhang J, Gao H, Wang S, Li S, Wei P, Liang J, Yu G, Wang X, Li X, Li D, Yang W. Cul4A-DDB1-mediated monoubiquitination of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via increased S-adenosylmethionine. J Clin Invest. 2021;131(21):e146187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI146187.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI146187"},{"key":"1649_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.115103","volume":"401","author":"R Nagaraja","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nagaraja R, et al. Preclinical toxicology profile of squalene epoxidase inhibitors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020;401: 115103.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-018-0985-y","volume":"38","author":"S Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang S, et al. Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil by upregulation of BIRC3 expression in colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38(1):14.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"51","key":"1649_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51091","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306541200","volume":"278","author":"Q Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang Q, Wang X, Evers BM. Induction of cIAP-2 in human colon cancer cells through PKC delta\/NF-kappa B. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(51):51091\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2008.09.012","volume":"21","author":"W Sun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sun W, et al. PPM1A and PPM1B act as IKKbeta phosphatases to terminate TNFalpha-induced IKKbeta-NF-kappaB activation. Cell Signal. 2009;21(1):95\u2013102.","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03716-9","volume":"9","author":"B Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang B, et al. TSPAN15 interacts with BTRC to promote oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis via activating NF-\u03baB signaling. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1423.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1649_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2024.216702","volume":"587","author":"B Liang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liang B, et al. Cdc42-driven endosomal cholesterol transport promotes collateral resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Cancer Lett. 2024;587:216702.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2022.136","volume":"6","author":"WH Gmeiner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gmeiner WH, Okechukwu CC. Review of 5-FU resistance mechanisms in colorectal cancer: clinical significance of attenuated on-target effects. Cancer Drug Resist. 2023;6(2):257\u201372.","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist"},{"key":"1649_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu D, Wong CC, Fu L, Chen H, Zhao L, Li C, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Xu W, Yang Y, Wu B, Cheng G, Lai PB, Wong N, Sung JJY, Yu J. Squalene epoxidase drives NAFLD-induced hepatocellular carcinoma and is a pharmaceutical target. Sci Transl Med. 2018;10(437):eaap9840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aap9840.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aap9840"},{"issue":"5","key":"1649_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604556","volume":"99","author":"MW Helms","year":"2008","unstructured":"Helms MW, et al. Squalene epoxidase, located on chromosome 8q24.1, is upregulated in 8q+ breast cancer and indicates poor clinical outcome in stage I and II disease. Br J Cancer. 2008;99(5):774\u201380.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"1649_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim JH, Kim CN, Kang DW. Squalene Epoxidase Correlates E-Cadherin Expression and Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The Impact on Prognosis and Correlation to Clinicopathologic Features. J Clin Med. 2019;8(5):632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8050632.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050632"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54211","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054211","volume":"8","author":"HF Yuen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuen HF, et al. TAZ expression as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(1):e54211.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"1649_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2009.01112.x","volume":"100","author":"H Karasawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karasawa H, et al. Down-regulation of cIAP2 enhances 5-FU sensitivity through the apoptotic pathway in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Sci. 2009;100(5):903\u201313.","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"1649_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.387","volume":"105","author":"M Nagata","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nagata M, et al. Overexpression of cIAP2 contributes to 5-FU resistance and a poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2011;105(9):1322\u201330.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"1649_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.283","volume":"113","author":"G Piro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Piro G, et al. TAK1-regulated expression of BIRC3 predicts resistance to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients. Br J Cancer. 2015;113(6):878\u201385.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1021\/ci100403b","volume":"51","author":"M Nowosielski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nowosielski M, et al. Detailed mechanism of squalene epoxidase inhibition by terbinafine. J Chem Inf Model. 2011;51(2):455\u201362.","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"issue":"8","key":"1649_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31901","volume":"144","author":"J Ji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ji J, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Use of terbinafine and risk of death in patients with prostate cancer: a population-based cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2019;144(8):1888\u201395.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"1649_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-2229","volume":"82","author":"Z Hong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hong Z, et al. Targeting squalene epoxidase interrupts homologous recombination via the ER stress response and promotes radiotherapy efficacy. Cancer Res. 2022;82(7):1298\u2013312.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1649_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325851","volume":"71","author":"C Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li C, et al. Squalene epoxidase drives cancer cell proliferation and promotes gut dysbiosis to accelerate colorectal carcinogenesis. Gut. 2022;71(11):2253\u201365.","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Cell Communication and Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T07:05:03Z","timestamp":1716015903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/biosignaling.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01649-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-811X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-811X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The use of human CRC specimens was approved by the institutional review board at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (No.050432\u20134-2108) and complied with all relevant ethical regulations. Informed consents were obtained from all patients. Animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (SIBCB) and complied with all relevant ethical regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"278"}}