{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:28:47Z","timestamp":1793413727119,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82101390, 82171297, and 82001258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101390, 82171297, and 82001258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82101390, 82171297, and 82001258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101390, 82171297, and 82001258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the General Science and Technology Programme of Beijing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KM202110025020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM202110025020"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bpn6s66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Commun Signal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) being the most common subtype. Despite significant advances in reperfusion therapies, their limited time window and associated risks underscore the necessity for novel treatment strategies. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to modulate the post-stroke microenvironment and facilitate neuroprotection and neurorestoration. This review synthesizes current research on the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived EVs in AIS, focusing on their origin, biogenesis, mechanisms of action, and strategies for enhancing their targeting capacity and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we explore innovative combination therapies and discuss both the challenges and prospects of EV-based treatments. Our findings reveal that stem cell-derived EVs exhibit diverse therapeutic effects in AIS, such as promoting neuronal survival, diminishing neuroinflammation, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Various strategies, including targeting modifications and cargo modifications, have been developed to improve the efficacy of EVs. Combining EVs with other treatments, such as reperfusion therapy, stem cell transplantation, nanomedicine, and gut microbiome modulation, holds great promise for improving stroke outcomes. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of EVs and the need for standardized protocols for EV production and quality control remain to be addressed. Stem cell-derived EVs represent a novel therapeutic avenue for AIS, offering the potential to address the limitations of current treatments. Further research is needed to optimize EV-based therapies and translate their benefits to clinical practice, with an emphasis on ensuring safety, overcoming regulatory hurdles, and enhancing the specificity and efficacy of EV delivery to target tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T03:02:32Z","timestamp":1721617352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Advancing stroke therapy: innovative approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7809-0187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahao","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1376-4213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1486-2503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lili","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingrun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"Ya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunming","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1190-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1752_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","volume":"20","author":"GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators","year":"2021","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20:795\u2013820.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102028","volume":"59","author":"eClinicalMedicine","year":"2023","unstructured":"eClinicalMedicine. The rising global burden of stroke. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;59:102028.","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"1752_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319948","volume":"130","author":"Y Xiong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiong Y, Wakhloo AK, Fisher M. Advances in Acute ischemic stroke therapy. Circ Res. 2022;130:1230\u201351.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"1752_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2016.01515","volume":"19","author":"ID Pe\u00f1a","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1a ID, Borlongan C, Shen G, Davis W. Strategies to extend thrombolytic time window for ischemic stroke treatment: an Unmet Clinical need. J Stroke. 2017;19:50\u201360.","journal-title":"J Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14682","volume":"50","author":"F Hedlund","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hedlund F, Leighs A, Barber PA, Lundstr\u00f6m E, Wu TY, Ranta A. Trends in stroke reperfusion treatment and outcomes in New Zealand. Intern Med J. 2020;50:1367\u201372.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"1752_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_37_23","volume":"9","author":"Y Kan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kan Y, Li S, Zhang B, Ding Y, Zhao W, Ji X. No-reflow phenomenon following stroke recanalization therapy: clinical assessment advances: a narrative review. Brain Circ. 2023;9:214\u201321.","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"1752_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-0913-2","volume":"9","author":"AC Boese","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boese AC, Le QE, Pham D, Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural stem cell therapy for subacute and chronic ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2018;9:154.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02876-2","volume":"13","author":"L Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou L, Zhu H, Bai X, Huang J, Chen Y, Wen J, et al. Potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022;13:195.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201600057","volume":"11","author":"YK Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi YK, Urnukhsaikhan E, Yoon HH, Seo YK, Park JK. Effect of human mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on cerebral ischemic volume-controlled photothrombotic mouse model. Biotechnol J. 2016;11:1397\u2013404.","journal-title":"Biotechnol J"},{"key":"1752_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6281","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-02967-4","volume":"59","author":"A Asgari Taei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Asgari Taei A, Khodabakhsh P, Nasoohi S, Farahmandfar M, Dargahi L. Paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic stroke: opportunities and challenges. Mol Neurobiol. 2022;59:6281\u2013306.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.03.035","volume":"42","author":"JD Bernstock","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernstock JD, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Leonardi T, Vicario N, Ye D, Lee YJ, et al. SUMOylation promotes survival and integration of neural stem cell grafts in ischemic stroke. EBioMedicine. 2019;42:214\u201324.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"1752_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13890","volume":"28","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen J, Lin X, Yao C, Bingwa LA, Wang H, Lin Z, et al. Transplantation of Roxadustat-preconditioned bone marrow stromal cells improves neurological function recovery through enhancing grafted cell survival in ischemic stroke rats. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2022;28:1519\u201331.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02629-7","volume":"12","author":"Y Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun Y, Liu G, Zhang K, Cao Q, Liu T, Li J. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for drug delivery. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;12:561.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114899","volume":"199","author":"Y Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian Y, Zhang T, Li J, Tao Y. Advances in development of exosomes for ophthalmic therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2023;199:114899.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"1752_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.52570","volume":"11","author":"Y Liang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang Y, Duan L, Lu J, Xia J. Engineering exosomes for targeted drug delivery. Theranostics. 2021;11:3183\u201395.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"1752_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuriakose D, Xiao Z. (2020). Pathophysiology and treatment of stroke: Present Status and Future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207609"},{"key":"1752_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01064-1","volume":"7","author":"C Qin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qin C, Yang S, Chu YH, Zhang H, Pang XW, Chen L, et al. Signaling pathways involved in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022;7:215.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.1126","volume":"9","author":"F Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu F, Lu J, Manaenko A, Tang J, Hu Q. Mitochondria in ischemic stroke: New Insight and implications. Aging Dis. 2018;9:924\u201337.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.03.002","volume":"16","author":"JL Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang JL, Mukda S, Chen SD. Diverse roles of mitochondria in ischemic stroke. Redox Biol. 2018;16:263\u201375.","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.005","volume":"146","author":"Z He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He Z, Ning N, Zhou Q, Khoshnam SE, Farzaneh M. Mitochondria as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020;146:45\u201358.","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"1752_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113125","volume":"151","author":"Z Shen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shen Z, Xiang M, Chen C, Ding F, Wang Y, Shang C, et al. Glutamate excitotoxicity: potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;151:113125.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1752_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7997","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5661-12.2013","volume":"33","author":"S Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang S, Taghibiglou C, Girling K, Dong Z, Lin SZ, Lee W, et al. Critical role of increased PTEN nuclear translocation in excitotoxic and ischemic neuronal injuries. J Neurosci. 2013;33:7997\u20138008.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1516-2","volume":"16","author":"RL Jayaraj","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jayaraj RL, Azimullah S, Beiram R, Jalal FY, Rosenberg GA. Neuroinflammation: friend and foe for ischemic stroke. J Neuroinflammation. 2019;16:142.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"1752_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurcau A, Simion A. (2021). Neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia and Ischemia\/Reperfusion injuries: from pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies. Int J Mol Sci, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010014"},{"key":"1752_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.10.001","volume":"163\u2013164","author":"X Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang X, Andjelkovic AV, Zhu L, Yang T, Bennett MVL, Chen J, et al. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke. Prog Neurobiol. 2018;163\u2013164:144\u201371.","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2020.0119","volume":"11","author":"W Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li W, Qi Z, Kang H, Qin X, Song H, Sui X, et al. Serum Occludin as a biomarker to predict the severity of Acute Ischemic Stroke, Hemorrhagic Transformation, and patient prognosis. Aging Dis. 2020;11:1395\u2013406.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13830","volume":"28","author":"W Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li W, Yuan S, Sui X, Bian H, Wei M, Chen Z, et al. Higher serum occludin after successful reperfusion is associated with early neurological deterioration. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2022;28:999\u20131007.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161115666161104095522","volume":"15","author":"D Radak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Radak D, Katsiki N, Resanovic I, Jovanovic A, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Zafirovic S, et al. Apoptosis and Acute Brain Ischemia in ischemic stroke. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15:115\u201322.","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"1752_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21817","volume":"42","author":"QZ Tuo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tuo QZ, Zhang ST, Lei P. Mechanisms of neuronal cell death in ischemic stroke and their therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev. 2022;42:259\u2013305.","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"1752_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-022-01196-6","volume":"43","author":"Y Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Li K, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Liu Y, Zhao J. Role of ferroptosis in stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2023;43:205\u201322.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-022-00859-0","volume":"38","author":"R Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao R, Zong N, Hu Y, Chen Y, Xu Y. Neuronal death mechanisms and therapeutic strategy in ischemic stroke. Neurosci Bull. 2022;38:1229\u201347.","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"1752_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.97.2.329","volume":"97","author":"C Harding","year":"1983","unstructured":"Harding C, Heuser J, Stahl P. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin and recycling of the transferrin receptor in rat reticulocytes. J Cell Biol. 1983;97:329\u201339.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2595-9","volume":"75","author":"NP Hessvik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hessvik NP, Llorente A. Current knowledge on exosome biogenesis and release. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018;75:193\u2013208.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"1752_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.1161","volume":"183","author":"G Raposo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Raposo G, Nijman HW, Stoorvogel W, Liejendekker R, Harding CV, Melief CJ, et al. B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles. J Exp Med. 1996;183:1161\u201372.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1752_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.04.004","volume":"159","author":"OM Elsharkasy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Elsharkasy OM, Nordin JZ, Hagey DW, de Jong OG, Schiffelers RM, Andaloussi SE, et al. Extracellular vesicles as drug delivery systems: why and how? Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;159:332\u201343.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"1752_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang H, Jin K. (2020). Peripheral circulating Exosomal miRNAs potentially contribute to the regulation of Molecular Signaling Networks in Aging. Int J Mol Sci, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061908"},{"key":"1752_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doyle LM, Wang MZ. Overview of Extracellular vesicles, their origin, composition, purpose, and methods for Exosome isolation and analysis. Cells; 2019. p. 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070727"},{"key":"1752_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","volume":"19","author":"G van Niel","year":"2018","unstructured":"van Niel G, D\u2019Angelo G, Raposo G. Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19:213\u201328.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2017.12.012","volume":"116","author":"S Cui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cui S, Cheng Z, Qin W, Jiang L. Exosomes as a liquid biopsy for lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2018;116:46\u201354.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"1752_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326","volume":"30","author":"M Colombo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Colombo M, Raposo G, Th\u00e9ry C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255\u201389.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00534","volume":"118","author":"H Shao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shao H, Im H, Castro CM, Breakefield X, Weissleder R, Lee H. New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles. Chem Rev. 2018;118:1917\u201350.","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"1752_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32291","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32291","volume":"6","author":"L Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen L, Zhang G, Gu Y, Guo X. Meta-analysis and systematic review of neural stem cells therapy for experimental ischemia stroke in preclinical studies. Sci Rep. 2016;6:32291.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1752_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-019-00736-5","volume":"11","author":"MM Lalu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lalu MM, Montroy J, Dowlatshahi D, Hutton B, Juneau P, Wesch N, et al. From the lab to patients: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for stroke. Transl Stroke Res. 2020;11:345\u201364.","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"1752_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-021-03375-1","volume":"46","author":"B Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang B, Song M, Xie X, Le D, Tu Q, Wu X, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated Gene-6 (TSG-6) secreted by BMSCs regulates activated astrocytes by inhibiting NF-\u03baB signaling pathway to ameliorate blood brain barrier damage after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurochem Res. 2021;46:2387\u2013402.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"1752_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beeravolu N, McKee C, Alamri A, Mikhael S, Brown C, Perez-Cruet M, et al. Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stromal cells from human umbilical cord and fetal placenta. J Vis Exp; 2017.","DOI":"10.3791\/55224-v"},{"key":"1752_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14774","volume":"24","author":"X Ling","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ling X, Zhang G, Xia Y, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Li Q, et al. Exosomes from human urine-derived stem cells enhanced neurogenesis via miR-26a\/HDAC6 axis after ischaemic stroke. J Cell Mol Med. 2020;24:640\u201354.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"1752_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02032-8","volume":"11","author":"ZG Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang ZG, He ZY, Liang S, Yang Q, Cheng P, Chen AM. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of exosomes derived from human bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11:511.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.07.013","volume":"173","author":"C Grochowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grochowski C, Radzikowska E, Maciejewski R. Neural stem cell therapy-brief review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;173:8\u201314.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"1752_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2006.0081","volume":"16","author":"A Biswas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Biswas A, Hutchins R. Embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2007;16:213\u201322.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"1752_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.11.019","volume":"131","author":"K Takahashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, Narita M, Ichisaka T, Tomoda K, et al. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell. 2007;131:861\u201372.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1752_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.116","volume":"7","author":"Y Shi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shi Y, Kirwan P, Livesey FJ. Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to cerebral cortex neurons and neural networks. Nat Protoc. 2012;7:1836\u201346.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"1752_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-021-00730-1","volume":"19","author":"S Gurung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gurung S, Perocheau D, Touramanidou L, Baruteau J. The exosome journey: from biogenesis to uptake and intracellular signalling. Cell Commun Signal. 2021;19:47.","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"1752_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2017.08.022","volume":"74","author":"T Juan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Juan T, F\u00fcrthauer M. Biogenesis and function of ESCRT-dependent extracellular vesicles. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018;74:66\u201377.","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153124","volume":"319","author":"K Trajkovic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Trajkovic K, Hsu C, Chiantia S, Rajendran L, Wenzel D, Wieland F, et al. Ceramide triggers budding of exosome vesicles into multivesicular endosomes. Science. 2008;319:1244\u20137.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1752_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalluri R, LeBleu VS. (2020). The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes. Science, 367.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau6977"},{"key":"1752_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121524","volume":"319","author":"W Pan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pan W, Chen H, Wang A, Wang F, Zhang X. Challenges and strategies: scalable and efficient production of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for cell-free therapy. Life Sci. 2023;319:121524.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1752_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa110","volume":"143","author":"Z Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu Z, Shi M, Stewart T, Fernagut PO, Huang Y, Tian C, et al. Reduced oligodendrocyte exosome secretion in multiple system atrophy involves SNARE dysfunction. Brain. 2020;143:1780\u201397.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1752_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu X, Lai Y, Hua ZC. (2019). Apoptosis and apoptotic body: disease message and therapeutic target potentials. Biosci Rep, 39.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180992"},{"key":"1752_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8646","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c01497","volume":"17","author":"Y You","year":"2023","unstructured":"You Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Li H, Xie L, Ma C, et al. Tailored apoptotic vesicle delivery platform for inflammatory regulation and tissue repair to ameliorate ischemic stroke. ACS Nano. 2023;17:8646\u201362.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"1752_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.09.045","volume":"351","author":"M Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou M, Li YJ, Tang YC, Hao XY, Xu WJ, Xiang DX, et al. Apoptotic bodies for advanced drug delivery and therapy. J Control Release. 2022;351:394\u2013406.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"1752_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870193","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.870193","volume":"10","author":"MA Thomas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thomas MA, Fahey MJ, Pugliese BR, Irwin RM, Antonyak MA, Delco ML. Human mesenchymal stromal cells release functional mitochondria in extracellular vesicles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022;10:870193.","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12320","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12320","volume":"12","author":"X Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou X, Liu S, Lu Y, Wan M, Cheng J, Liu J. MitoEVs: a new player in multiple disease pathology and treatment. J Extracell Vesicles. 2023;12:e12320.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1752_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-022-00469-x","volume":"19","author":"L Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed L, Al-Massri K. New approaches for Enhancement of the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in Cardiovascular diseases. Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2022;19:1129\u201346.","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"key":"1752_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-020-00236-7","volume":"38","author":"M Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu M, Dong X, Zhang Z, Li W, Khoshnam SE. Non-coding RNAs in ischemic stroke: roles in the Neuroinflammation and Cell Death. Neurotox Res. 2020;38:564\u201378.","journal-title":"Neurotox Res"},{"key":"1752_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3610","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14695","volume":"52","author":"K Vasudeva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vasudeva K, Munshi A. miRNA dysregulation in ischaemic stroke: focus on diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic and protective biomarkers. Eur J Neurosci. 2020;52:3610\u201327.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4389","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24384-2","volume":"12","author":"M Mathieu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mathieu M, N\u00e9vo N, Jouve M, Valenzuela JI, Maurin M, Verweij FJ, et al. Specificities of exosome versus small ectosome secretion revealed by live intracellular tracking of CD63 and CD9. Nat Commun. 2021;12:4389.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1752_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00442","volume":"5","author":"Z Andreu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andreu Z, Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-M\u00f3 M. Tetraspanins in extracellular vesicle formation and function. Front Immunol. 2014;5:442.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1752_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13367","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13367","volume":"85","author":"S Tiwari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tiwari S, Kumar V, Randhawa S, Verma SK. Preparation and characterization of extracellular vesicles. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2021;85:e13367.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"1752_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17319","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17319","volume":"5","author":"MA Livshits","year":"2015","unstructured":"Livshits MA, Khomyakova E, Evtushenko EG, Lazarev VN, Kulemin NA, Semina SE, et al. Isolation of exosomes by differential centrifugation: theoretical analysis of a commonly used protocol. Sci Rep. 2015;5:17319.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1752_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3684","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.41580","volume":"10","author":"D Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang D, Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhang F, Chen L, Ma L, et al. Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation - efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics. Theranostics. 2020;10:3684\u2013707.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"1752_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14677","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14677","volume":"30","author":"W Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang W, Sun H, Duan H, Sheng G, Tian N, Liu D, et al. Isolation and usage of exosomes in central nervous system diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024;30:e14677.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6ing AN, van der Pol E, Grootemaat AE, Coumans FA, Sturk A, Nieuwland R. (2014). Single-step isolation of extracellular vesicles by size-exclusion chromatography. J Extracell Vesicles, 3.","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v3.23430"},{"key":"1752_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.123.000841","volume":"75","author":"SI van de Wakker","year":"2023","unstructured":"van de Wakker SI, Meijers FM, Sluijter JPG, Vader P. Extracellular vesicle heterogeneity and its impact for Regenerative Medicine Applications. Pharmacol Rev. 2023;75:1043\u201361.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"1752_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1903916","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201903916","volume":"16","author":"S Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin S, Yu Z, Chen D, Wang Z, Miao J, Li Q, et al. Progress in Microfluidics-based exosome separation and Detection technologies for diagnostic applications. Small. 2020;16:e1903916.","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"1752_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI81129","volume":"126","author":"R Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu R, Greening DW, Zhu HJ, Takahashi N, Simpson RJ. Extracellular vesicle isolation and characterization: toward clinical application. J Clin Invest. 2016;126:1152\u201362.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"1752_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106142","volume":"31","author":"C Gan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gan C, Ouyang F. Exosomes released from bone-marrow stem cells ameliorate hippocampal neuronal Injury through transferring miR-455-3p. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022;31:106142.","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.10.022","volume":"154","author":"L Qiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiu L, Cai Y, Geng Y, Yao X, Wang L, Cao H, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate tPA-induced blood-brain barrier disruption in murine ischemic stroke models. Acta Biomater. 2022;154:424\u201342.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"1752_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01862-x","volume":"21","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Niu H, Li L, Han J, Liu Z, Chu M, et al. Anti-CHAC1 exosomes for nose-to-brain delivery of mir-760-3p in cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury mice inhibiting neuron ferroptosis. J Nanobiotechnol. 2023;21:109.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-023-00372-y","volume":"12","author":"P Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang P, Lan G, Xu B, Yu Z, Tian C, Lei X, et al. \u03b1-Synuclein-carrying astrocytic extracellular vesicles in Parkinson pathogenesis and diagnosis. Transl Neurodegener. 2023;12:40.","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"1752_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-020-00806-z","volume":"11","author":"A Datta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Datta A, Sarmah D, Mounica L, Kaur H, Kesharwani R, Verma G, et al. Cell death pathways in ischemic stroke and targeted pharmacotherapy. Transl Stroke Res. 2020;11:1185\u2013202.","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"1752_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02091-x","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liu J, Su M, Wang X, Xie C. Exosomal microRNA-22-3p alleviates cerebral ischemic injury by modulating KDM6B\/BMP2\/BMF axis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;12:111.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12476","volume":"27","author":"J Barrington","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barrington J, Lemarchand E, Allan SM. A brain in flame; do inflammasomes and pyroptosis influence stroke pathology? Brain Pathol. 2017;27:205\u201312.","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"1752_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-021-00817-w","volume":"77","author":"X Gou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gou X, Xu D, Li F, Hou K, Fang W, Li Y. Pyroptosis in stroke-new insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. J Physiol Biochem. 2021;77:511\u201329.","journal-title":"J Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"1752_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113700","volume":"341","author":"X Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu X, Zhang M, Liu H, Zhu R, He H, Zhou Y, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced neuroinflammation and pyroptosis by modulating microglia M1\/M2 phenotypes. Exp Neurol. 2021;341:113700.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2018.01.001","volume":"163\u2013164","author":"P Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang P, Shao BZ, Deng Z, Chen S, Yue Z, Miao CY. Autophagy in ischemic stroke. Prog Neurobiol. 2018;163\u2013164:98\u2013117.","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.01.005","volume":"127","author":"X Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen X, Lin S, Gu L, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, et al. Inhibition of miR-497 improves functional outcome after ischemic stroke by enhancing neuronal autophagy in young and aged rats. Neurochem Int. 2019;127:64\u201372.","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"1752_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12024","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12024","volume":"10","author":"Y Kuang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuang Y, Zheng X, Zhang L, Ai X, Venkataramani V, Kilic E, et al. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce autophagy in stroke mice by extracellular vesicle transfer of miR-25. J Extracell Vesicles. 2020;10:e12024.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1752_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00182","volume":"14","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeng Q, Zhou Y, Liang D, He H, Liu X, Zhu R, et al. Exosomes secreted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate oxygen-glucose Deprivation\/Reoxygenation-Induced pyroptosis in PC12 cells by promoting AMPK-Dependent Autophagic Flux. Front Cell Neurosci. 2020;14:182.","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.034388","volume":"52","author":"PJ Kelly","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kelly PJ, Lemmens R, Tsivgoulis G. Inflammation and stroke risk: a New Target for Prevention. Stroke. 2021;52:2697\u2013706.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.130","volume":"34","author":"MK Tobin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tobin MK, Bonds JA, Minshall RD, Pelligrino DA, Testai FD, Lazarov O. Neurogenesis and inflammation after ischemic stroke: what is known and where we go from here. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014;34:1573\u201384.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"1752_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784098","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.784098","volume":"12","author":"Y Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma Y, Yang S, He Q, Zhang D, Chang J. The role of Immune cells in Post-stroke Angiogenesis and neuronal remodeling: the known and the unknown. Front Immunol. 2021;12:784098.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1752_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035821","volume":"53","author":"C Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang C, B\u00f6rger V, Mohamud Yusuf A, Tertel T, Stambouli O, Murke F, et al. Postischemic Neuroprotection Associated with Anti-inflammatory effects by mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in aged mice. Stroke. 2022;53:e14\u20138.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-022-00595-1","volume":"29","author":"X Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie X, Cao Y, Dai L, Zhou D. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal lncRNA KLF3-AS1 stabilizes Sirt1 protein to improve cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury via miR-206\/USP22 axis. Mol Med. 2023;29:3.","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"1752_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-023-03998-6","volume":"48","author":"J Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng J, Yu Z, Xiao R, Hu X, Xia Y. Exosomal ZEB1 derived from neural stem cells reduces inflammation Injury in OGD\/R-Treated Microglia via the GPR30-TLR4-NF-\u03baB Axis. Neurochem Res. 2023;48:1811\u201321.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"1752_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.207","volume":"11","author":"X Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu X, Leak RK, Shi Y, Suenaga J, Gao Y, Zheng P, et al. Microglial and macrophage polarization\u2014new prospects for brain repair. Nat Rev Neurol. 2015;11:56\u201364.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR96","first-page":"1657","volume":"18","author":"YY Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu YY, Li Y, Wang L, Zhao Y, Yuan R, Yang MM, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate microglia phenotypes: a promising treatment for acute central nervous system injury. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:1657\u201365.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1752_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118403","volume":"260","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Gan Y, Xu G, Hua K, Liu D. Exosomes from MSCs overexpressing microRNA-223-3p attenuate cerebral ischemia through inhibiting microglial M1 polarization mediated inflammation. Life Sci. 2020;260:118403.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1752_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.09.089","volume":"632","author":"H Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou H, Zhou J, Teng H, Yang H, Qiu J, Li X. MiR-145 enriched exosomes derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through downregulation of FOXO1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022;632:92\u20139.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1752_CR99","first-page":"780","volume":"11","author":"W Geng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Geng W, Tang H, Luo S, Lv Y, Liang D, Kang X, et al. Exosomes from miRNA-126-modified ADSCs promotes functional recovery after stroke in rats by improving neurogenesis and suppressing microglia activation. Am J Transl Res. 2019;11:780\u201392.","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"1752_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2015.09.008","volume":"144","author":"Z Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu Z, Chopp M. Astrocytes, therapeutic targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke. Prog Neurobiol. 2016;144:103\u201320.","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00394","volume":"13","author":"X Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun X, Jung JH, Arvola O, Santoso MR, Giffard RG, Yang PC, et al. Stem cell-derived exosomes protect astrocyte cultures from in vitro ischemia and decrease Injury as Post-stroke Intravenous Therapy. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019;13:394.","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106044","volume":"179","author":"RY Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao RY, Wei PJ, Sun X, Zhang DH, He QY, Liu J, et al. Role of lipocalin 2 in stroke. Neurobiol Dis. 2023;179:106044.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-019-0193-0","volume":"13","author":"Y Deng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Deng Y, Chen D, Gao F, Lv H, Zhang G, Sun X, et al. Exosomes derived from microRNA-138-5p-overexpressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells confer neuroprotection to astrocytes following ischemic stroke via inhibition of LCN2. J Biol Eng. 2019;13:71.","journal-title":"J Biol Eng"},{"key":"1752_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.9.1794","volume":"25","author":"J Krupinski","year":"1994","unstructured":"Krupinski J, Kaluza J, Kumar P, Kumar S, Wang JM. Role of angiogenesis in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke. Stroke. 1994;25:1794\u20138.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642352","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.642352","volume":"9","author":"A Akil","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akil A, Guti\u00e9rrez-Garc\u00eda AK, Guenter R, Rose JB, Beck AW, Chen H, et al. Notch Signaling in Vascular endothelial cells, angiogenesis, and Tumor Progression: an update and prospective. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:642352.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-03037-5","volume":"60","author":"R Xiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao R, Wang Q, Peng J, Yu Z, Zhang J, Xia Y. BMSC-Derived exosomal Egr2 ameliorates ischemic stroke by directly upregulating SIRT6 to suppress Notch Signaling. Mol Neurobiol. 2023;60:1\u201317.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu H, Hu X, Li L, Fang Y, Yang Y, Gu J et al. (2022). Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote angiogenesis in ischemic stroke mice via Upregulation of MiR-21-5p. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12070883"},{"key":"1752_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-018-1071-9","volume":"65","author":"Y Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang Y, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu Z. Exosomes secreted by adipose-derived stem cells contribute to Angiogenesis of Brain Microvascular endothelial cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation in Vitro through MicroRNA-181b\/TRPM7 Axis. J Mol Neurosci. 2018;65:74\u201383.","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.264442","volume":"15","author":"M Hatakeyama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hatakeyama M, Ninomiya I, Kanazawa M. Angiogenesis and neuronal remodeling after ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res. 2020;15:16\u20139.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1752_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1038\/3473","volume":"16","author":"JD Flax","year":"1998","unstructured":"Flax JD, Aurora S, Yang C, Simonin C, Wills AM, Billinghurst LL, et al. Engraftable human neural stem cells respond to developmental cues, replace neurons, and express foreign genes. Nat Biotechnol. 1998;16:1033\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1553558","volume":"255","author":"BA Reynolds","year":"1992","unstructured":"Reynolds BA, Weiss S. Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cells of the adult mammalian central nervous system. Science. 1992;255:1707\u201310.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1752_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2019.0102","volume":"10","author":"BZ Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang BZ, Yang JJ, Zhang H, Smith CA, Jin K. AMPK Signaling regulates the Age-Related decline of hippocampal neurogenesis. Aging Dis. 2019;10:1058\u201374.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-022-01109-1","volume":"15","author":"JP Passarelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Passarelli JP, Nimjee SM, Townsend KL. Stroke and neurogenesis: bridging clinical observations to New mechanistic insights from animal models. Transl Stroke Res. 2024;15:53\u201368.","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"1752_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-022-01078-5","volume":"14","author":"H Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang H, Li Y, Tang W, Zhu J, Parker GC, Zhang JH. Endogenous neural stem cell-induced neurogenesis after ischemic stroke: processes for Brain Repair and perspectives. Transl Stroke Res. 2023;14:297\u2013303.","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"1752_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015204","volume":"48","author":"H Xin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xin H, Katakowski M, Wang F, Qian JY, Liu XS, Ali MM, et al. MicroRNA cluster mir-17-92 cluster in Exosomes Enhance Neuroplasticity and functional recovery after stroke in rats. Stroke. 2017;48:747\u201353.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20950489","volume":"41","author":"H Xin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xin H, Liu Z, Buller B, Li Y, Golembieski W, Gan X, et al. MiR-17-92 enriched exosomes derived from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells enhance axon-myelin remodeling and motor electrophysiological recovery after stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2021;41:1131\u201344.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"1752_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2017.04.010","volume":"7","author":"J Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang J, Zhang X, Chen X, Wang L, Yang G. Exosome mediated delivery of miR-124 promotes neurogenesis after Ischemia. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2017;7:278\u201387.","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"1752_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uyeda A, Muramatsu R. (2020). Molecular mechanisms of Central Nervous System Axonal Regeneration and Remyelination: a review. Int J Mol Sci, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21218116"},{"key":"1752_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.011","volume":"159","author":"MS Yeung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yeung MS, Zdunek S, Bergmann O, Bernard S, Salehpour M, Alkass K, et al. Dynamics of oligodendrocyte generation and myelination in the human brain. Cell. 2014;159:766\u201374.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1752_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27519","volume":"120","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiao Y, Geng F, Wang G, Li X, Zhu J, Zhu W. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes prevent oligodendrocyte apoptosis through exosomal miR-134 by targeting caspase-8. J Cell Biochem. 2019;120:2109\u201318.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"1752_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.10.008","volume":"96","author":"MA Petersen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Petersen MA, Ryu JK, Chang KJ, Etxeberria A, Bardehle S, Mendiola AS, et al. Fibrinogen activates BMP Signaling in Oligodendrocyte Progenitor cells and inhibits remyelination after vascular damage. Neuron. 2017;96:1003\u2013e10121007.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1752_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14113","volume":"29","author":"H Hou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hou H, Wang Y, Yang L, Wang Y. Exosomal mir-128-3p reversed fibrinogen-mediated inhibition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and remyelination after cerebral ischemia. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023;29:1405\u201322.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR123","first-page":"1048","volume":"292","author":"HJ Lee","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lee HJ, Engelhardt B, Lesley J, Bickel U, Pardridge WM. Targeting rat anti-mouse transferrin receptor monoclonal antibodies through blood-brain barrier in mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000;292:1048\u201352.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Fu N, Su J, Wang X, Li X. (2019). Rapid Enkephalin Delivery Using Exosomes to Promote Neurons Recovery in Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Neuronal p53\/Caspase-3. Biomed Res Int, 2019:4273290.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4273290"},{"key":"1752_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00590","volume":"11","author":"X Cheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng X, Wang H, Zhang X, Zhao S, Zhou Z, Mu X, et al. The role of SDF-1\/CXCR4\/CXCR7 in neuronal regeneration after cerebral ischemia. Front Neurosci. 2017;11:590.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.1112","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang H, Lin S, Chen X, Yao Y, Mao X, et al. SDF-1\/CXCR7 Chemokine Signaling is Induced in the Peri-infarct regions in patients with ischemic stroke. Aging Dis. 2018;9:287\u201395.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"1752_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao D, Sun C, Zhou S et al. (2020). Exosomes Derived from CXCR4-Overexpressing BMSC Promoted Activation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury. Neural Plast, 2020:8814239.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8814239"},{"key":"1752_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.11.023","volume":"11","author":"L Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han L, Jiang C. Evolution of blood-brain barrier in brain diseases and related systemic nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2021;11:2306\u201325.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"1752_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-019-0461-7","volume":"17","author":"H Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang H, Wu J, Wu J, Fan Q, Zhou J, Wu J, et al. Exosome-mediated targeted delivery of miR-210 for angiogenic therapy after cerebral ischemia in mice. J Nanobiotechnol. 2019;17:29.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-00879-4","volume":"19","author":"L Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo L, Huang Z, Huang L, Liang J, Wang P, Zhao L, et al. Surface-modified engineered exosomes attenuated cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury by targeting the delivery of quercetin towards impaired neurons. J Nanobiotechnol. 2021;19:141.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121529","volume":"284","author":"Q Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Q, Huang Z, Wang Q, Gao J, Chen J, Tan H, et al. Targeted immunomodulation therapy for cardiac repair by platelet membrane engineering extracellular vesicles via hitching peripheral monocytes. Biomaterials. 2022;284:121529.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"1752_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119942","volume":"243","author":"HY Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim HY, Kim TJ, Kang L, Kim YJ, Kang MK, Kim J, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived magnetic extracellular nanovesicles for targeting and treatment of ischemic stroke. Biomaterials. 2020;243:119942.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"1752_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113871","volume":"347","author":"H Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li H, Li S, Ren C, Gao C, Li N, Wang C, et al. Hypoxic postconditioning promotes neurogenesis by modulating the metabolism of neural stem cells after cerebral ischemia. Exp Neurol. 2022;347:113871.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078768","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1078768","volume":"13","author":"M Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo M, Niu Y, Xie M, Liu X, Li X. Notch signaling, hypoxia, and cancer. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1078768.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"1752_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01737-0","volume":"11","author":"H Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng H, Chang S, Xu R, Chen L, Song X, Wu J, et al. Hypoxia-challenged MSC-derived exosomes deliver miR-210 to attenuate post-infarction cardiac apoptosis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11:224.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318559","volume":"43","author":"H Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian H, Yang X, Zhao J, Liu X, Liu X, Cai Y, et al. Hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improved cerebral collateral circulation and stroke outcome in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2023;43:1281\u201394.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00881-9","volume":"116","author":"J Gregorius","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gregorius J, Wang C, Stambouli O, Hussner T, Qi Y, Tertel T, et al. Small extracellular vesicles obtained from hypoxic mesenchymal stromal cells have unique characteristics that promote cerebral angiogenesis, brain remodeling and neurological recovery after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Basic Res Cardiol. 2021;116:40.","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"1752_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-03083-9","volume":"13","author":"YC Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye YC, Chang ZH, Wang P, Wang YW, Liang J, Chen C, et al. Infarct-preconditioning exosomes of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promoted vascular remodeling and neurological recovery after stroke in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022;13:378.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136389","volume":"769","author":"H Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang H, Tu Z, Yang D, Hu M, Zhou L, Li Q, et al. Exosomes from hypoxic pre-treated ADSCs attenuate acute ischemic stroke-induced brain injury via delivery of circ-Rps5 and promote M2 microglia\/macrophage polarization. Neurosci Lett. 2022;769:136389.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"1752_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17700432","volume":"37","author":"JD Bernstock","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bernstock JD, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Ye D, Gessler FA, Maric D, Vicario N, et al. Neural stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke: a role for preconditioning and cellular engineering. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2017;37:2314\u20139.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"1752_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2017.0225","volume":"27","author":"G Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang G, Guo X, Chen L, Li B, Gu B, Wang H, et al. Interferon-\u03b3 promotes neuronal repair by transplanted neural stem cells in ischemic rats. Stem Cells Dev. 2018;27:355\u201366.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"1752_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws259","volume":"135","author":"H Sakata","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sakata H, Narasimhan P, Niizuma K, Maier CM, Wakai T, Chan PH. Interleukin 6-preconditioned neural stem cells reduce ischaemic injury in stroke mice. Brain. 2012;135:3298\u2013310.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1752_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.05.017","volume":"24","author":"G Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang G, Zhu Z, Wang H, Yu Y, Chen W, Waqas A, et al. Exosomes derived from human neural stem cells stimulated by interferon gamma improve therapeutic ability in ischemic stroke model. J Adv Res. 2020;24:435\u201345.","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"1752_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2022.102860","volume":"70","author":"DY Zhong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhong DY, Li L, Ma RM, Deng YH. Systematic evaluation and re-evaluation of buyang huanwu decoction in treating ischemic stroke. Complement Ther Med. 2022;70:102860.","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"1752_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-015-0539-0","volume":"56","author":"J Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang J, Gao F, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang D. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) enhances angiogenic effect of mesenchymal stem cell by upregulating VEGF expression after focal cerebral ischemia. J Mol Neurosci. 2015;56:898\u2013906.","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115953","volume":"303","author":"M Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin M, Liu Z, Wang J, Gao W. Buyang Huanwu decoction alleviates oxidative injury of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through PKC\u03b5\/Nrf2 signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 2023;303:115953.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1752_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-015-0605-8","volume":"15","author":"HJ Cui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cui HJ, Yang AL, Zhou HJ, Wang C, Luo JK, Lin Y, et al. Buyang Huanwu decoction promotes angiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 activation through the PI3K\/Akt pathway in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015;15:91.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"1752_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6272(10)60056-8","volume":"30","author":"YK Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang YK, Han XY, Che ZY. Effects of Buyang Huanwu Tang combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on the expression of VEGF and Ki-67 in the brain tissue of the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model rat. J Tradit Chin Med. 2010;30:278\u201382.","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"1752_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096329","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1096329","volume":"11","author":"J Long","year":"2023","unstructured":"Long J, Gu C, Zhang Q, Liu J, Huang J, Li Y, et al. Extracellular vesicles from medicated plasma of Buyang Huanwu decoction-preconditioned neural stem cells accelerate neurological recovery following ischemic stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1096329.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"1752_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2618","volume":"35","author":"H Gonzalez-King","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonzalez-King H, Garc\u00eda NA, Ontoria-Oviedo I, Ciria M, Montero JA, Sep\u00falveda P. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1\u03b1 potentiates jagged 1-Mediated angiogenesis by mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. Stem Cells. 2017;35:1747\u201359.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1752_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986443","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.986443","volume":"14","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Li F, Qin D, Chen H, Wang J, Wang J, et al. The role of brain derived neurotrophic factor in central nervous system. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:986443.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"1752_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.03.033","volume":"357","author":"X Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou X, Deng X, Liu M, He M, Long W, Xu Z, et al. Intranasal delivery of BDNF-loaded small extracellular vesicles for cerebral ischemia therapy. J Control Release. 2023;357:1\u201319.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"1752_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.10.012","volume":"150","author":"T Tian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tian T, Zhang HX, He CP, Fan S, Zhu YL, Qi C, et al. Surface functionalized exosomes as targeted drug delivery vehicles for cerebral ischemia therapy. Biomaterials. 2018;150:137\u201349.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"1752_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2300552","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202300552","volume":"10","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Wang D, Ye Z, Xu J. Engineering Extracellular vesicles as Delivery systems in Therapeutic Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023;10:e2300552.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"1752_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.346466","volume":"18","author":"ZH Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu ZH, Jia F, Ahmed W, Zhang GL, Wang H, Lin CQ, et al. Neural stem cell-derived exosome as a nano-sized carrier for BDNF delivery to a rat model of ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:404\u20139.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1752_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.08.022","volume":"169","author":"P Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen P, Pan Y, Ning X, Shi X, Zhong J, Fan X, et al. Targeted heart repair by T\u03b24-loaded cardiac-resident macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles modified with monocyte membranes. Acta Biomater. 2023;169:372\u201386.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"1752_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12274","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12274","volume":"11","author":"KM Lim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lim KM, Han JH, Lee Y, Park J, Dayem AA, Myung SH, et al. Rapid production method with increased yield of high-purity extracellular vesicles obtained using extended mitochondrial targeting domain peptide. J Extracell Vesicles. 2022;11:e12274.","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"1752_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0485-1","volume":"4","author":"Z Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang Z, Shi J, Xie J, Wang Y, Sun J, Liu T, et al. Large-scale generation of functional mRNA-encapsulating exosomes via cellular nanoporation. Nat Biomed Eng. 2020;4:69\u201383.","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"1752_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon EJ, Choi Y, Kim TM, Choi EK, Kim YB, Park D. (2022). The neuroprotective effects of Exosomes Derived from TSG101-Overexpressing human neural stem cells in a stroke model. Int J Mol Sci, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179532"},{"key":"1752_CR160","first-page":"1659","volume":"46","author":"J Zhu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhu J, Lu K, Zhang N, Zhao Y, Ma Q, Shen J, et al. Myocardial reparative functions of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells are enhanced by hypoxia treatment of the cells via transferring microRNA-210 in an nSMase2-dependent way. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018;46:1659\u201370.","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"1752_CR161","first-page":"16","volume":"29","author":"L Giovannelli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giovannelli L, Bari E, Jommi C, Tartara F, Armocida D, Garbossa D, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell secretome and extracellular vesicles for neurodegenerative diseases: risk-benefit profile and next steps for the market access. Bioact Mater. 2023;29:16\u201335.","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"1752_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szad034","volume":"12","author":"JP Son","year":"2023","unstructured":"Son JP, Kim EH, Shin EK, Kim DH, Sung JH, Oh MJ, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular vesicle therapy for stroke: scalable production and imaging Biomarker studies. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2023;12:459\u201373.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"key":"1752_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim J, Kim EH, Lee H, Sung JH, Bang OY. (2023). Clinical-scale mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle therapy for Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054273"},{"key":"1752_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.690","volume":"9","author":"S Selvam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Selvam S, Midhun BT, Bhowmick T, Chandru A. Bioprinting of exosomes: prospects and challenges for clinical applications. Int J Bioprint. 2023;9:690.","journal-title":"Int J Bioprint"},{"key":"1752_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2023.213396","volume":"149","author":"M Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han M, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Liu Y, Zhao H, Wang B, et al. Three-dimensional-cultured MSC-derived exosome with hydrogel for cerebral ischemia repair. Biomater Adv. 2023;149:213396.","journal-title":"Biomater Adv"},{"key":"1752_CR166","first-page":"732","volume":"25","author":"R Jeske","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeske R, Liu C, Duke L, Canonicco Castro ML, Muok L, Arthur P, et al. Upscaling human mesenchymal stromal cell production in a novel vertical-wheel bioreactor enhances extracellular vesicle secretion and cargo profile. Bioact Mater. 2023;25:732\u201347.","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"key":"1752_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_52_22","volume":"8","author":"F Eren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eren F, Yilmaz SE. Neuroprotective approach in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review of clinical and experimental studies. Brain Circ. 2022;8:172\u20139.","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"1752_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang R, Mao W, Niu L, Bao W, Wang Y, Wang Y et al. (2023). NSC-derived exosomes enhance therapeutic effects of NSC transplantation on cerebral ischemia in mice. Elife, 12.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.84493"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1752_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14275","volume":"29","author":"L Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao L, Xiao J, Li S, Guo Y, Fu R, Hua S, et al. The interaction between intestinal microenvironment and stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023;29(Suppl 1):185\u201399.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107559","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1107559","volume":"14","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Deng P, Chen S, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chen H, et al. Electroacupuncture and human iPSC-derived small extracellular vesicles regulate the gut microbiota in ischemic stroke via the brain-gut axis. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1107559.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1752_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114455","volume":"161","author":"X Hou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hou X, Jiang H, Liu T, Yan J, Zhang F, Zhang X, et al. Depletion of gut microbiota resistance in 5\u00d7FAD mice enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;161:114455.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"1752_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02600-9","volume":"401","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li S, Pan Y, Li H, Parsons MW, Campbell BCV, et al. Tenecteplase versus alteplase in acute ischaemic cerebrovascular events (TRACE-2): a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2023;401:645\u201354.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1752_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00484-7","volume":"22","author":"MB Roaldsen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roaldsen MB, Eltoft A, Wilsgaard T, Christensen H, Engelter ST, Indredavik B, et al. Safety and efficacy of tenecteplase in patients with wake-up stroke assessed by non-contrast CT (TWIST): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2023;22:117\u201326.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.7827","volume":"329","author":"HS Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen HS, Cui Y, Zhou ZH, Zhang H, Wang LX, Wang WZ, et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy vs alteplase for patients with minor nondisabling Acute ischemic stroke: the ARAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2023;329:2135\u201344.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1752_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_70_22","volume":"9","author":"N Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang N, Lee H, Wu C. Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: from alteplase to tenecteplase. Brain Circ. 2023;9:61\u20133.","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"1752_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031599","volume":"52","author":"X Tong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tong X, Wang Y, Fiehler J, Bauer CT, Jia B, Zhang X, et al. Thrombectomy Versus Combined Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy in patients with Acute Stroke: a matched-control study. Stroke. 2021;52:1589\u2013600.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213379","volume":"388","author":"X Huo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huo X, Ma G, Tong X, Zhang X, Pan Y, Nguyen TN, et al. Trial of endovascular therapy for Acute ischemic stroke with large infarct. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:1272\u201383.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1752_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2207576","volume":"387","author":"TG Jovin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jovin TG, Li C, Wu L, Wu C, Chen J, Jiang C, et al. Trial of Thrombectomy 6 to 24 hours after Stroke due to basilar-artery occlusion. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:1373\u201384.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1752_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.023927","volume":"50","author":"SI Savitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Savitz SI, Baron JC, Fisher M. Stroke treatment Academic Industry Roundtable X: Brain Cytoprotection therapies in the reperfusion era. Stroke. 2019;50:1026\u201331.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"1752_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173380","volume":"883","author":"D Sharma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sharma D, Maslov LN, Singh N, Jaggi AS. Remote ischemic preconditioning-induced neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: preclinical evidence and mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020;883:173380.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1752_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14240","volume":"29","author":"X Kan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kan X, Yan Z, Wang F, Tao X, Xue T, Chen Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of remote ischemic conditioning for acute ischemic stroke: a comprehensive meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023;29:2445\u201356.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"1752_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_88_22","volume":"9","author":"X Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen X, An H, Wu D, Ji X. Research progress of selective brain cooling methods in the prehospital care for stroke patients: a narrative review. Brain Circ. 2023;9:16\u201320.","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"1752_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chavez LM, Huang SS, MacDonald I, Lin JG, Lee YC, Chen YH. (2017). Mechanisms of acupuncture therapy in Ischemic Stroke Rehabilitation: A literature review of Basic studies. Int J Mol Sci, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112270"},{"key":"1752_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4218","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-02021-1","volume":"57","author":"Y Xing","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xing Y, Bai Y. A review of Exercise-Induced neuroplasticity in ischemic stroke: Pathology and mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol. 2020;57:4218\u201331.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"1752_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.305205","volume":"117","author":"CJ Lavie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lavie CJ, Arena R, Swift DL, Johannsen NM, Sui X, Lee DC, et al. Exercise and the cardiovascular system: clinical science and cardiovascular outcomes. Circ Res. 2015;117:207\u201319.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"1752_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.13123","volume":"328","author":"HS Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen HS, Cui Y, Li XQ, Wang XH, Ma YT, Zhao Y, et al. Effect of remote ischemic conditioning vs Usual Care on neurologic function in patients with Acute Moderate Ischemic Stroke: the RICAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022;328:627\u201336.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1752_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_57_22","volume":"9","author":"Y Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu Y, Wang Y, Ji X. Immune and inflammatory mechanism of remote ischemic conditioning: a narrative review. Brain Circ. 2023;9:77\u201387.","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"1752_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001280","volume":"30","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Ren C, Li H, Jiang F, Wang L, Xia C, et al. Role of exosomes induced by remote ischemic preconditioning in neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. NeuroReport. 2019;30:834\u201341.","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"1752_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2020.04.008","volume":"20","author":"J Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui J, Liu N, Chang Z, Gao Y, Bao M, Xie Y, et al. Exosomal MicroRNA-126 from RIPC serum is involved in Hypoxia Tolerance in SH-SY5Y cells by downregulating DNMT3B. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2020;20:649\u201360.","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"1752_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng P, Wang L, Zhang Q, Chen S, Zhang Y, Xu H, et al. Therapeutic potential of a combination of electroacupuncture and human iPSC-Derived small Extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke. Cells; 2022. p. 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11050820"},{"key":"1752_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.357900","volume":"18","author":"XH Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang XH, Li HF, Chen ML, Zhang YX, Chen HB, Chen RH, et al. Treadmill exercise exerts a synergistic effect with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on neuronal apoptosis and synaptic-axonal remodeling. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:1293\u20139.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"1752_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114235","volume":"359","author":"X Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu X, Zhang H, Li J, Chen Y, Zhong W, Chen Y, et al. Combination of EPC-EXs and NPC-EXs with miR-126 and miR-210 overexpression produces better therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke by protecting neurons through the Nox2\/ROS and BDNF\/TrkB pathways. Exp Neurol. 2023;359:114235.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1752_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-022-03405-9","volume":"40","author":"Y Kobayashi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kobayashi Y, Kitamura S, Takahashi Y, Takakura Y. Development of enzymatic depletion methods for Preparation of Small Extracellular vesicles with long blood-circulation half-life. Pharm Res. 2023;40:855\u201361.","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"1752_CR194","first-page":"100394","volume":"4","author":"H Ruan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ruan H, Li Y, Zheng D, Deng L, Chen G, Zhang X, et al. Engineered extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke treatment. Innov (Camb). 2023;4:100394.","journal-title":"Innov (Camb)"}],"container-title":["Cell Communication and Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T15:02:14Z","timestamp":1721660534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/biosignaling.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"references-count":194,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-024-01752-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-811X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-811X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no other conflicts of interest in this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"369"}}