{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T23:11:16Z","timestamp":1784157076707,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project","award":["TJYXZDXK-052B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJYXZDXK-052B"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project","award":["TJYXZDXK-052B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJYXZDXK-052B"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project","award":["TJYXZDXK-052B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJYXZDXK-052B"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project","award":["TJYXZDXK-052B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJYXZDXK-052B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Commun Signal"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T12:22:17Z","timestamp":1742300537000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical features, plasma neurotransmitter levels and plasma neurohormone levels among patients with early-stage Parkinson\u2019s disease with sleep disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Cui-Hong","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.62","volume":"18","author":"AHV Schapira","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schapira AHV, Chaudhuri KR, Jenner P. Non-motor features of Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017;18:435\u201350.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2153_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0448-y","volume":"45","author":"A Stefani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stefani A, H\u00f6gl B. Sleep in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020;45:121\u20138.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2153_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00486-9","volume":"17","author":"D Berg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berg D, Borghammer P, Fereshtehnejad SM, Heinzel S, Horsager J, Schaeffer E, et al. Prodromal Parkinson disease subtypes - key to understanding heterogeneity. Nat Rev Neurol. 2021;17:349\u201361.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00642-0","volume":"10","author":"P Dodet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dodet P, Houot M, Leu-Semenescu S, Corvol JC, Leh\u00e9ricy S, Mangone G, et al. Sleep disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease, an early and multiple problem. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2024;10:46.","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"2153_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e82924","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082924","volume":"8","author":"SY Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu SY, Sun L, Liu Z, Huang XY, Zuo LJ, Cao CJ, et al. Sleep disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease: clinical features, iron metabolism and related mechanism. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e82924.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2153_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.65","volume":"71","author":"DP Breen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Breen DP, Vuono R, Nawarathna U, Fisher K, Shneerson JM, Reddy AB, et al. Sleep and circadian rhythm regulation in early Parkinson disease. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71:589\u201395.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03700-2","volume":"11","author":"LC Jellen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jellen LC, Lewis MM, Du G, Wang X, Galvis MLE, Krzyzanowski S, et al. Low plasma serotonin linked to higher nigral iron in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Sci Rep. 2021;11:24384.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2153_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13376","volume":"24","author":"SA Factor","year":"2017","unstructured":"Factor SA, McDonald WM, Goldstein FC. The role of neurotransmitters in the development of Parkinson\u2019s disease-related psychosis. Eur J Neurol. 2017;24:1244\u201354.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00806","volume":"9","author":"RLO Tuura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tuura RLO, Baumann CR, Baumann-Vogel H. Beyond dopamine: GABA, glutamate, and the axial symptoms of Parkinson disease. Front Neurol. 2018;9:806.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10593-7","volume":"7","author":"YS Piao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Piao YS, Lian TH, Hu Y, Zuo LJ, Guo P, Yu SY, et al. Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease: clinical characteristics, abnormal iron metabolism and altered neurotransmitters. Sci Rep. 2017;7:10547.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2153_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.6239","volume":"71","author":"A Videnovic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Videnovic A, Noble C, Reid KJ, Peng J, Turek FW, Marconi A, et al. Circadian melatonin rhythm and excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson disease. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71:463\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520701800736","volume":"24","author":"FO James","year":"2007","unstructured":"James FO, Boivin DB, Charbonneau S, B\u00e9langer V, Cermakian N. Expression of clock genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells throughout the sleep\/wake and circadian cycles. Chronobiol Int. 2007;24:1009\u201334.","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"2153_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4143","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-03-0779","volume":"102","author":"DB Boivin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boivin DB, James FO, Wu A, Cho-Park PF, Xiong H, Sun ZS. Circadian clock genes oscillate in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood. 2003;102:4143\u20135.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2153_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29410","volume":"38","author":"ST Jost","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jost ST, Kaldenbach MA, Antonini A, Martinez-Martin P, Timmermann L, Odin P, et al. Levodopa dose equivalency in Parkinson\u2019s disease: updated systematic review and proposals. Mov Disord. 2023;38:1236\u201352.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340","volume":"23","author":"CG Goetz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goetz CG, Tilley BC, Shaftman SR, Stebbins GT, Fahn S, Martinez-Martin P, et al. Movement disorder society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results. Mov Disord. 2008;23:2129\u201370.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25383","volume":"28","author":"GT Stebbins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stebbins GT, Goetz CG, Burn DJ, Jankovic J, Khoo TK, Tilley BC. How to identify tremor dominant and postural instability\/gait difficulty groups with the movement disorder society unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale: comparison with the unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale. Mov Disord. 2013;28:668\u201370.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21596","volume":"22","author":"KR Chaudhuri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chaudhuri KR, Martinez-Martin P, Brown RG, Sethi K, Stocchi F, Odin P, et al. The metric properties of a novel non-motor symptoms scale for Parkinson\u2019s disease: results from an international pilot study. Mov Disord. 2007;22:1901\u201311.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acaa039","volume":"35","author":"AF Mazancova","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazancova AF, R\u016f\u017ei\u010dka E, Jech R, Bezdicek O. Test the best: classification accuracies of four cognitive rating scales for Parkinson\u2019s disease mild cognitive impairment. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2020;35:1069\u201377.","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2153_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0540-6","volume":"32","author":"C Mueller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mueller C, Rajkumar AP, Wan YM, Velayudhan L, Ffytche D, Chaudhuri KR, et al. Assessment and management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease. CNS Drugs. 2018;32:621\u201335.","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"2153_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610215000885","volume":"27","author":"NN Dissanayaka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dissanayaka NN, Torbey E, Pachana NA. Anxiety rating scales in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a critical review updating recent literature. Int Psychogeriatr. 2015;27:1777\u201384.","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"2153_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20153","volume":"19","author":"M Visser","year":"2004","unstructured":"Visser M, Marinus J, Stiggelbout AM, Van Hilten JJ. Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s disease: the SCOPA-AUT. Mov Disord. 2004;19:1306\u201312.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S196042","volume":"10","author":"P Martinez-Martin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martinez-Martin P, Wetmore JB, Arbelo JM, Catal\u00e1n MJ, Valldeoriola F, Rodriguez-Blazquez C. Validation study of the Parkinson\u2019s fatigue scale in advanced Parkinson\u2019s disease. Patient Relat Outcome Meas. 2019;10:141\u201352.","journal-title":"Patient Relat Outcome Meas"},{"key":"2153_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-4346-x","volume":"14","author":"PS Tsai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tsai PS, Wang SY, Wang MY, Su CT, Yang TT, Huang CJ, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI) in primary insomnia and control subjects. Qual Life Res. 2005;14:1943\u201352.","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"2153_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00376","volume":"9","author":"M Skorvanek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Skorvanek M, Feketeova E, Kurtis MM, Rusz J, Sonka K. Accuracy of rating scales and clinical measures for screening of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and for predicting conversion to Parkinson\u2019s disease and other synucleinopathies. Front Neurol. 2018;9:376.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.05.019","volume":"53","author":"C Neff","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neff C, Wang MC, Martel H. Using the PDQ-39 in routine care for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018;53:105\u20137.","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0970","volume":"146","author":"MJ Sateia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sateia MJ. International classification of sleep disorders-third edition: highlights and modifications. Chest. 2014;146:1387\u201394.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2153_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","volume":"14","author":"MW Johns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep. 1991;14:540\u20135.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2153_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03351014","volume":"7","author":"JR Sowers","year":"1984","unstructured":"Sowers JR, Vlachakis N. Circadian variation in plasma dopamine levels in man. J Endocrinol Invest. 1984;7:341\u20135.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2153_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-016-0089-7","volume":"33","author":"S Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li S, Wang Y, Wang F, Hu LF, Liu CF. A new perspective for Parkinson\u2019s disease: circadian rhythm. Neurosci Bull. 2017;33:62\u201372.","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"2153_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316136","volume":"88","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Okuma Y, Uchiyama T, Miyamoto M, Sakakibara R, Shimo Y, et al. Impact of sleep-related symptoms on clinical motor subtypes and disability in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a multicentre cross-sectional study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88:953\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2153_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27186","volume":"33","author":"EA Coon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coon EA, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Benarroch EE. Neuropathology of autonomic dysfunction in synucleinopathies. Mov Disord. 2018;33:349\u201358.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24877","volume":"81","author":"H Kaufmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaufmann H, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Biaggioni I, Low PA, Singer W, et al. Natural history of pure autonomic failure: a United States prospective cohort. Ann Neurol. 2017;81:287\u201397.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25170","volume":"83","author":"L Norcliffe-Kaufmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H, Palma JA, Shibao CA, Biaggioni I, Peltier AC, et al. Orthostatic heart rate changes in patients with autonomic failure caused by neurodegenerative synucleinopathies. Ann Neurol. 2018;83:522\u201331.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-017-0460-4","volume":"28","author":"G Chiaro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chiaro G, Calandra-Buonaura G, Cecere A, Mignani F, Sambati L, Loddo G, et al. REM sleep behavior disorder, autonomic dysfunction and synuclein-related neurodegeneration: where do we stand? Clin Auton Res. 2018;28:519\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"2153_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.11.002","volume":"93","author":"F Baschieri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baschieri F, Sambati L, Guaraldi P, Barletta G, Cortelli P, Calandra-Buonaura G. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in early stage Parkinson\u2019s disease: new insights from the first 105 patients of the BoProPark study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2021;93:12\u20138.","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-022-00373-0","volume":"8","author":"GM Riboldi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Riboldi GM, Russo MJ, Pan L, Watkins K, Kang UJ. Dysautonomia and REM sleep behavior disorder contributions to progression of Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotypes. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2022;8:110.","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"2153_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-023-01324-w","volume":"43","author":"SB Ahmad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmad SB, Ali A, Bilal M, Rashid SM, Wani AB, Bhat RR, et al. Melatonin and health: insights of melatonin action, biological functions, and associated disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2023;43:2437\u201358.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2153_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-023-05053-7","volume":"81","author":"C Jia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jia C, Tian L, Cheng C, Zhang J, Al-Nusaif M, Li T, et al. \u03b1-Synuclein reduces acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase mediated melatonin biosynthesis by microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta-related degradation pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2024;81:61.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2153_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27886","volume":"35","author":"M Gilat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gilat M, Jackson AC, Marshall NS, Hammond D, Mullins AE, Hall JM, et al. Melatonin for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomised controlled trial. Mov Disord. 2020;35:344\u20139.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10353-0","volume":"269","author":"M Gilat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gilat M, Marshall NS, Testelmans D, Buyse B, Lewis SJG. A critical review of the pharmacological treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder in adults: time for more and larger randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Neurol. 2022;269:125\u201348.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00848.x","volume":"19","author":"D Kunz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kunz D, Mahlberg R. A two-part, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of exogenous melatonin in REM sleep behaviour disorder. J Sleep Res. 2010;19:591\u20136.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"2153_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.753","volume":"6","author":"JS Jun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jun JS, Kim R, Byun JI, Kim TJ, Lim JA, Sunwoo JS, et al. Prolonged-release melatonin in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2019;6:716\u201322.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2017.11.1146","volume":"43","author":"X Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang X, Liu B, Shen H, Li S, Zhao Q, An R, et al. Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sleep Med. 2018;43:40\u20136.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2153_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.5452","volume":"39","author":"M Moccia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moccia M, Erro R, Picillo M, Santangelo G, Spina E, Allocca R, et al. A four-year longitudinal study on restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease. Sleep. 2016;39:405\u201312.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2153_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2019.15.3.321","volume":"15","author":"S You","year":"2019","unstructured":"You S, Jeon SM, Do SY, Cho YW. Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients: clinical features including motor and nonmotor symptoms. J Clin Neurol. 2019;15:321\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.08.007","volume":"44","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Okuma Y, Uchiyama T, Miyamoto M, Sakakibara R, Shimo Y, et al. Characterizing restless legs syndrome and leg motor restlessness in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a multicenter case-controlled study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2017;44:18\u201322.","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10160","volume":"18","author":"H Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ren R, Yang L, Shi Y, Vitiello MV, et al. Polysomnographic features of idiopathic restless legs syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 sleep parameters and 23 leg movement parameters. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18:2561\u201375.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2153_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.03.001","volume":"18","author":"H Wilson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wilson H, Giordano B, Turkheimer FE, Chaudhuri KR, Politis M. Serotonergic dysregulation is linked to sleep problems in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuroimage Clin. 2018;18:630\u20137.","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"2153_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.08.004","volume":"113","author":"KD Alex","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alex KD, Pehek EA. Pharmacologic mechanisms of serotonergic regulation of dopamine neurotransmission. Pharmacol Ther. 2007;113:296\u2013320.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2153_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cef824","volume":"74","author":"JH Jhoo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jhoo JH, Yoon IY, Kim YK, Chung S, Kim JM, Lee SB, et al. Availability of brain serotonin transporters in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurology. 2010;74:513\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2153_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318294b3f6","volume":"80","author":"RP Allen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Allen RP, Barker PB, Horsk\u00e1 A, Earley CJ. Thalamic glutamate\/glutamine in restless legs syndrome: increased and related to disturbed sleep. Neurology. 2013;80:2028\u201334.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2153_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1159\/000481939","volume":"78","author":"MA Sobreira-Neto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, et al. High frequency of sleep disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease and its relationship with quality of life. Eur Neurol. 2017;78:330\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20190098","volume":"77","author":"MA Sobreira-Neto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Almeida CMO, Fernandes RMF, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson\u2019s disease: characteristics and associated factors. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2019;77:609\u201316.","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"2153_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.11.1251","volume":"67","author":"Y Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shen Y, Shen Y, Dong ZF, Pan PL, Shi HC, Liu CF. Obstructive sleep apnea in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a study in 239 Chinese patients. Sleep Med. 2020;67:237\u201343.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2153_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003738","volume":"88","author":"VP Mery","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mery VP, Gros P, Lafontaine AL, Robinson A, Benedetti A, Kimoff RJ, et al. Reduced cognitive function in patients with Parkinson disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Neurology. 2017;88:1120\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2153_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3332","volume":"37","author":"AB Neikrug","year":"2014","unstructured":"Neikrug AB, Liu L, Avanzino JA, Maglione JE, Natarajan L, Bradley L, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure improves sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson disease and sleep apnea. Sleep. 2014;37:177\u201385.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2153_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7114","volume":"14","author":"M Kaminska","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaminska M, Mery VP, Lafontaine AL, Robinson A, Benedetti A, Gros P, et al. Change in cognition and other non-motor symptoms with obstructive sleep apnea treatment in Parkinson disease. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018;14:819\u201328.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2153_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000191154.78131.f6","volume":"65","author":"R Hilker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hilker R, Thomas AV, Klein JC, Weisenbach S, Kalbe E, Burghaus L, et al. Dementia in Parkinson disease: functional imaging of cholinergic and dopaminergic pathways. Neurology. 2005;65:1716\u201322.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2153_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00121","volume":"10","author":"YQ Xiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiang YQ, Xu Q, Sun QY, Wang ZQ, Tian Y, Fang LJ, et al. Clinical features and correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Front Neurol. 2019;10:121.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2153_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26248","volume":"30","author":"T Simuni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Simuni T, Caspell-Garcia C, Coffey C, Chahine LM, Lasch S, Oertel WH, et al. Correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness in de novo Parkinson\u2019s disease: a case control study. Mov Disord. 2015;30:1371\u201381.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2153_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-315023","volume":"88","author":"AW Amara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amara AW, Chahine LM, Caspell-Garcia C, Long JD, Coffey C, H\u00f6gl B, et al. Longitudinal assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness in early Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88:653\u201362.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2153_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003540","volume":"88","author":"LK Tholfsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tholfsen LK, Larsen JP, Schulz J, Tysnes OB, Gjerstad MD. Changes in insomnia subtypes in early Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2017;88:352\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2153_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988719856687","volume":"33","author":"MA Sobreira-Neto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, De Almeida CMO, Fernandes RMF, et al. Chronic insomnia in patients with Parkinson disease: which associated factors are relevant? J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2020;33:22\u20137.","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"}],"container-title":["Cell Communication and Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T13:03:10Z","timestamp":1742302990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/biosignaling.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-025-02153-8","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4813635\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1478-811X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-811X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the ethics committee of Huanhu Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"144"}}