{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T03:24:17Z","timestamp":1787628257103,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007051","name":"Uppsala University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Commun Signal"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased stromal Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR\u03b2) expression is a hallmark of the desmoplastic tissue reaction in cancer and marks subsets of cancer-associated fibroblasts, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells. However, its functional status in situ has been anticipated from static expression measures, which cannot determine whether high receptor abundance reflects active signaling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We established two second-generation proximity ligation assays (PLAs) to quantify PDGFR\u03b2 activation in the in situ environment of human lung cancer by detecting either phosphorylated PDGFR\u03b2 or its interaction with the adaptor protein Grb2. The immunofluorescence-based assays were applied to tissue-microarrays including diagnostic samples from over 600 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In lung cancer tissue, activation scores correlated with PDGFR\u03b2 expression but revealed a more nuanced receptor status, indicating variable activation despite similar expression levels. Higher PDGFR\u03b2 activation was associated with increased recurrence risk exclusively in squamous cell carcinoma, a finding not captured by conventional immunohistochemistry. This activation was accompanied by a specific stromal profile enriched for LRRC15- and FAP-positive cells, a pattern absent in adenocarcinomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PDGFR\u03b2 activation status provides functional information beyond receptor expression, uncovering clinically relevant, otherwise overlooked, stromal phenotypes. The approach illustrates the diagnostic potential of functional protein assays in the era of precision medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:24:08Z","timestamp":1768458248000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In situ mapping of activated PDGFR\u03b2 defines a prognostic discrepancy between histological subtypes of NSCLC"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Hellberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Grandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Thurfjell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"W\u00e5hl\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Hekmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Backman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Cederholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Mezheyeuski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Klemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Botling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata Zieba","family":"Wicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Micke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Strell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR1","first-page":"133","volume":"13","author":"M Valius","year":"1993","unstructured":"Valius M, Bazenet C, Kazlauskas A. Tyrosines 1021 and 1009 are phosphorylation sites in the carboxy terminus of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta subunit and are required for binding of phospholipase C gamma and a 64-kilodalton protein, respectively. Mol Cell Biol. 1993;13(1):133\u201343.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2651_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kashishian A, Kazlauskas A, Cooper JA. Phosphorylation sites in the PDGF receptor with different specificities for binding GAP and P13 kinase. EMBO J. 1992;11(4):1373\u201382.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05182.x"},{"issue":"10","key":"2651_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3279","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07527.x","volume":"9","author":"A Kazlauskas","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kazlauskas A, Cooper JA. Phosphorylation of the PDGF receptor beta subunit creates a tight binding site for phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase. EMBO J. 1990;9(10):3279\u201386.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"2651_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.2.6.413","volume":"2","author":"A Kazlauskas","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kazlauskas A, Durden DL, Cooper JA. Functions of the major tyrosine phosphorylation site of the PDGF receptor beta subunit. Cell Regul. 1991;2(6):413\u201325.","journal-title":"CELL Regul"},{"issue":"6","key":"2651_CR5","first-page":"3706","volume":"13","author":"T Satoh","year":"1993","unstructured":"Satoh T, Fantl WJ, Escobedo JA, Williams LT, Kaziro Y. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor mediates activation of Ras through different signaling pathways in different cell types. Mol Cell Biol. 1993;13(6):3706\u201313.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-419X(98)00015-8","volume":"1378","author":"CH Heldin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heldin CH, \u00d6stman A, R\u00f6nnstrand L. Signal transduction via platelet-derived growth factor receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Rev Cancer. 1998;1378(1):F79\u2013113.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2651_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-024-10194-7","volume":"43","author":"C Strell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Strell C, Rodr\u00edguez-Tom\u00e0s E, \u00d6stman A. Functional and clinical roles of stromal PDGF receptors in tumor biology. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2024;43(4):1593\u2013609.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"2651_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2017.09.022","volume":"121","author":"A \u00d6stman","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u00d6stman A. PDGF receptors in tumor stroma: biological effects and associations with prognosis and response to treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017;121:117\u201323.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.081030","volume":"175","author":"J Paulsson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Paulsson J, Sj\u00f6blom T, Micke P, Pont\u00e9n F, Landberg G, Heldin CH, et al. Prognostic significance of stromal Platelet-Derived growth factor \u03b2-Receptor expression in human breast cancer. Am J Pathol. 2009;175(1):334\u201341.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2651_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10747","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010747","volume":"5","author":"C H\u00e4ggl\u00f6f","year":"2010","unstructured":"H\u00e4ggl\u00f6f C, Hammarsten P, Josefsson A, Stattin P, Paulsson J, Bergh A, et al. Stromal PDGFR\u03b2 Expression in prostate tumors and non-malignant prostate tissue predicts prostate cancer survival. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(5):e10747.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-9966-32-16","volume":"32","author":"JS Chu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chu JS, Ge FJ, Zhang B, Wang Y, Silvestris N, Liu LJ, et al. Expression and prognostic value of VEGFR-2, PDGFR-\u03b2, and c-Met in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2013;32(1):16.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-021-06136-4","volume":"187","author":"C Strell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Strell C, Stenmark Tullberg A, Jetne Edelmann R, Akslen LA, Malmstr\u00f6m P, Fern\u00f6 M, et al. Prognostic and predictive impact of stroma cells defined by PDGFRb expression in early breast cancer: results from the randomized SweBCG91RT trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2021;187(1):45\u201355.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"4","key":"2651_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2013-0294","volume":"19","author":"Z Hanaizi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hanaizi Z, Unkrig C, Enzmann H, Camarero J, Sancho-Lopez A, Salmonson T, et al. The European medicines agency review of bosutinib for the treatment of adult patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia: summary of the scientific assessment of the committee for medicinal products for human use. Oncologist. 2014;19(4):421\u20135.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.12-1-107","volume":"12","author":"EP Rock","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rock EP, Goodman V, Jiang JX, Mahjoob K, Verbois SL, Morse D, et al. Food and drug administration drug approval summary: Sunitinib malate for the treatment of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and advanced renal cell carcinoma. Oncologist. 2007;12(1):107\u201313.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"9","key":"2651_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00318-8","volume":"25","author":"JY Blay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Blay JY, Devin Q, Duffaud F, Toulmonde M, Firmin N, Collard O, et al. Discontinuation versus continuation of Imatinib in patients with advanced Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (BFR14): exploratory long-term follow-up of an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2024;25(9):1163\u201375.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2651_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3816\/CBC.2009.n.040","volume":"9","author":"DA Yardley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yardley DA, Burris HA, Markus T, Spigel DR, Greco FA, Mainwaring M, et al. Phase II trial of docetaxal plus Imatinib mesylate in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2009;9(4):237\u201342.","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2651_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.03.027","volume":"233","author":"J Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen J, R\u00f6cken C, Nitsche B, Hosius C, Gschaidmeier H, Kahl S, et al. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib fails to inhibit pancreatic cancer progression. Cancer Lett. 2006;233(2):328\u201337.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"5","key":"2651_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3816\/CGC.2007.n.011","volume":"5","author":"AM Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin AM, Rini BI, Derynck MK, Weinberg V, Park M, Ryan CJ, et al. A phase I trial of docetaxel\/estramustine\/imatinib in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2007;5(5):323\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"2651_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2017.01.022","volume":"12","author":"MQ Baggstrom","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baggstrom MQ, Socinski MA, Wang XF, Gu L, Stinchcombe TE, Edelman MJ, et al. Maintenance sunitinib following initial platinum-based combination chemotherapy in advanced-stage IIIB\/IV non\u2013small cell lung cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III Study\u2014CALGB 30607 (Alliance). J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12(5):843\u20139.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-449","volume":"12","author":"JE Bauman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bauman JE, Eaton KD, Wallace SG, Carr LL, Lee SJ, Jones DV, et al. A phase II study of pulse dose Imatinib mesylate and weekly Paclitaxel in patients aged 70 and over with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer. 2012;12(1):449.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"2651_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181834f52","volume":"3","author":"T Donnem","year":"2008","unstructured":"Donnem T, Al-Saad S, Al-Shibli K, Andersen S, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. Prognostic impact of platelet-derived growth factors in non-small cell lung cancer tumor and stromal cells. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3(9):963\u201370.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10163","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46510-3","volume":"9","author":"TK Kilvaer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kilvaer TK, Rakaee M, Hellevik T, Vik J, Petris LD, Donnem T, et al. Differential prognostic impact of platelet-derived growth factor receptor expression in NSCLC. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):10163.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"27","key":"2651_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41948","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9632","volume":"7","author":"A Mezheyeuski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mezheyeuski A, Lindh MB, Guren TK, Dragomir A, Pfeiffer P, Kure EH, et al. Survival-associated heterogeneity of marker-defined perivascular cells in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(27):41948\u201358.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"9","key":"2651_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.14.83","volume":"10","author":"J Paulsson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paulsson J, Ehnman M, \u00d6stman A. PDGF receptors in tumor biology: prognostic and predictive potential. Future Oncol. 2014;10(9):1695\u2013708.","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2651_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20200004","volume":"48","author":"MA Rogers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rogers MA, Fantauzzo KA. The emerging complexity of PDGFRS: activation, internalization and signal attenuation. Biochem Soc Trans. 2020;48(3):1167\u201376.","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"issue":"7","key":"2651_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-2309","volume":"75","author":"AS Gajadhar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gajadhar AS, Johnson H, Slebos RJC, Shaddox K, Wiles K, Washington MK, et al. Phosphotyrosine signaling analysis in human tumors is confounded by systemic ischemia-driven artifacts and intra-specimen heterogeneity. Cancer Res. 2015;75(7):1495\u2013503.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac178","volume":"115","author":"T Pellinen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pellinen T, Paavolainen L, Mart\u00edn-Bernab\u00e9 A, Papatella Araujo R, Strell C, Mezheyeuski A, et al. Fibroblast subsets in non-small cell lung cancer: associations with survival, mutations, and immune features. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023;115(1):71\u201382.","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"10","key":"2651_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27518","volume":"131","author":"K Edlund","year":"2012","unstructured":"Edlund K, Lindskog C, Saito A, Berglund A, Pont\u00e9n F, G\u00f6ransson-Kultima H, et al. CD99 is a novel prognostic stromal marker in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer. 2012;131(10):2264\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"2651_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000235","volume":"24","author":"L Tran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tran L, Mattsson JSM, Nodin B, J\u00f6nsson P, Planck M, Jirstr\u00f6m K, et al. Various antibody clones of Napsin A, thyroid transcription factor 1, and p40 and comparisons with cytokeratin 5 and p63 in histopathologic diagnostics of Non\u2013Small cell lung carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2016;24(9):648\u201359.","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"2651_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Djureinovic D, Hallstr\u00f6m BM, Horie M, Mattsson JSM, La Fleur L, Fagerberg L, et al. Profiling cancer testis antigens in non\u2013small-cell lung cancer. JCI Insight. 2016;1(10):e86837.","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.86837"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5400","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23582-1","volume":"8","author":"A Klaesson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klaesson A, Grannas K, Ebai T, Heldin J, Koos B, Leino M, et al. Improved efficiency of in situ protein analysis by proximity ligation using unfold probes. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):5400.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16878","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17204-5","volume":"7","author":"P Bankhead","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bankhead P, Loughrey MB, Fern\u00e1ndez JA, Dombrowski Y, McArt DG, Dunne PD, et al. QuPath: open source software for digital pathology image analysis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):16878.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-021-04344-9","volume":"22","author":"DR Stirling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stirling DR, Swain-Bowden MJ, Lucas AM, Carpenter AE, Cimini BA, Goodman A. CellProfiler 4: improvements in speed, utility and usability. BMC Bioinformatics. 2021;22(1):433.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2651_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.12.022","volume":"14","author":"K Edlund","year":"2019","unstructured":"Edlund K, Madjar K, Mattsson JSM, Djureinovic D, Lindskog C, Brunnstr\u00f6m H, et al. Prognostic impact of tumor cell programmed death ligand 1 expression and immune cell infiltration in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2019;14(4):628\u201340.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"2651_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldmann T, Marwitz S, Nitschkowski D, Krupar R, Backman M, Elfving H, et al. PD-L1 amplification is associated with an immune cell rich phenotype in squamous cell cancer of the lung. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2021;70(9):2577\u201387.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-020-02825-z"},{"issue":"5","key":"2651_CR36","first-page":"625","volume":"20","author":"A Lindberg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lindberg A, Muhl L, Yu H, Hellberg L, Artursson R, Friedrich J, et al. In situ detection of programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death ligand 1 interactions as a functional predictor for response to immune checkpoint Inhibition in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2025;20(5):625\u201340.","journal-title":"JTO"},{"key":"2651_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2023.02.012","volume":"185","author":"M Backman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Backman M, Strell C, Lindberg A, Mattsson JSM, Elfving H, Brunnstr\u00f6m H, et al. Spatial immunophenotyping of the tumour microenvironment in non\u2013small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2023;185:40\u201352.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"2651_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4059","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-0327","volume":"78","author":"JW Purcell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Purcell JW, Tanlimco SG, Hickson J, Fox M, Sho M, Durkin L, et al. LRRC15 is a novel mesenchymal protein and stromal target for antibody\u2013drug conjugates. Cancer Res. 2018;78(14):4059\u201372.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2651_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2021.02.028","volume":"155","author":"P Moreno-Ruiz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moreno-Ruiz P, Corvigno S, Te Grootenhuis NC, La Fleur L, Backman M, Strell C, et al. Stromal FAP is an independent poor prognosis marker in non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma and associated with p53 mutation. Lung Cancer. 2021;155:10\u20139.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2651_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-024-02169-8","volume":"299","author":"AP Chawhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chawhan AP, Dsouza N. Identifying the key hub genes linked with lung squamous cell carcinoma by examining the differentially expressed and survival genes. Mol Genet Genomics. 2024;299(1):76.","journal-title":"Mol Genet Genomics"},{"issue":"7934","key":"2651_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05272-1","volume":"611","author":"AT Krishnamurty","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krishnamurty AT, Shyer JA, Thai M, Gandham V, Buechler MB, Yang YA, et al. LRRC15\u2009+\u2009myofibroblasts dictate the stromal setpoint to suppress tumour immunity. Nature. 2022;611(7934):148\u201354.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"2651_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3865","volume":"15","author":"M Swiecki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Swiecki M, Colonna M. The multifaceted biology of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Nat Rev Immunol. 2015;15(8):471\u201385.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"70","key":"2651_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm9409","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm9409","volume":"7","author":"E Kvedaraite","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kvedaraite E, Ginhoux F. Human dendritic cells in cancer. Sci Immunol. 2022;7(70):eabm9409.","journal-title":"SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY"}],"container-title":["Cell Communication and Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T16:46:02Z","timestamp":1781628362000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-026-02651-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-811X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-811X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"C.S received research reagents (to institution) from Navinci Diagnostics AB. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"55"}}