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Glucose serves as a critical carbon source supporting\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    's intracellular replication. However, the molecular mechanisms driving glucose uptake of host cells and the pathways by which cytosolic glucose becomes accessible to intravacuolar\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidate a three-pronged strategy through which\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium (\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium) exploits Glut1 to co-opt host glucose metabolism for pathogenic advantage. Firstly,\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium infection upregulates the glucose transporter Glut1 by activating the MAPK signaling cascade, enhancing host glucose uptake, and accelerating glycolytic flux. Secondly,\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium utilizes Glut1 to the bacterial vacuolar membrane to establish a glucose-import conduit that facilitates bacterial acquisition of cytosolic glucose. Thirdly, K29-linked ubiquitination on bacterial vacuolar membranes is a previously unrecognized regulatory mechanism that potentiates Glut1 transporter activity. Inhibition of Glut1 potentiates\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium-triggered innate immune responses and attenuates bacterial virulence in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these findings delineate a novel paradigm of metabolic hijacking, wherein\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhimurium systematically rewires host glucose metabolic networks to support intracellular proliferation, providing new insights into host-directed antimicrobial interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-026-02981-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T03:24:23Z","timestamp":1780629863000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salmonella Typhimurium hijacks a host glucose transporter for intravacuolar proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xianglan","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuliu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanjian","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanmo","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duoshuang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2981_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.18683\/germs.2021.1244","volume":"11","author":"GL Popa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Popa GL, Papa MI. 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