{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T02:30:22Z","timestamp":1794105022518,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Transl Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0552-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T10:25:26Z","timestamp":1434363926000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Progression of non-alcoholic steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis parallels cumulative accumulation of danger signals that promote inflammation and liver tumors in a high fat\u2013cholesterol\u2013sugar diet model in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Ganz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terence N","family":"Bukong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timea","family":"Csak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banishree","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Kyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Ambade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kodys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyongyi","family":"Szabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"552_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60460-8","volume":"384","author":"M Ng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C et al (2014) Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 384:766\u2013781","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"552_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.001","volume":"142","author":"N Chalasani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Diehl AM, Brunt EM, Cusi K et al (2012) The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology. Gastroenterology 142:1592\u20131609","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"552_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-121808-102132","volume":"5","author":"DG Tiniakos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tiniakos DG, Vos MB, Brunt EM (2010) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathology and pathogenesis. Annu Rev Pathol 5:145\u2013171","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"552_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4773","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i38.4773","volume":"16","author":"G Tarantino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tarantino G, Savastano S, Colao A (2010) Hepatic steatosis, low-grade chronic inflammation and hormone\/growth factor\/adipokine imbalance. World J Gastroenterol 16:4773\u20134783","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"552_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00008","volume":"126","author":"SG Sheth","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sheth SG, Gordon FD, Chopra S (1997) Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Ann Intern Med 126:137\u2013145","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"552_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00099-5","volume":"37","author":"M Shimada","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shimada M, Hashimoto E, Taniai M, Hasegawa K, Okuda H, Hayashi N et al (2002) Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 37:154\u2013160","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2013.09.001","volume":"98","author":"RL Corrado","year":"2014","unstructured":"Corrado RL, Torres DM, Harrison SA (2014) Review of treatment options for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Med Clin N Am 98:55\u201372","journal-title":"Med Clin N Am"},{"key":"552_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2013.789502","volume":"17","author":"A Eguchi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eguchi A, Povero D, Alkhouri N, Feldstein AE (2013) Novel therapeutic targets for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Opin Ther Targets 17:773\u2013779","journal-title":"Exp Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"552_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.205088","volume":"59","author":"VW Wong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wong VW, Wong GL, Choi PC, Chan AW, Li MK, Chan HY et al (2010) Disease progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study with paired liver biopsies at 3 years. Gut 59:969\u2013974","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"552_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x","volume":"34","author":"G Vernon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vernon G, Baranova A, Younossi ZM (2011) Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 34:274\u2013285","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"552_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gcb.2010.06.004","volume":"35","author":"R Pais","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pais R, Pascale A, Fedchuck L, Charlotte F, Poynard T, Ratziu V (2011) Progression from isolated steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 35:23\u201328","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"552_CR12","first-page":"820","volume":"40","author":"E Fassio","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fassio E, Alvarez E, Dominguez N, Landeira G, Longo C (2004) Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a longitudinal study of repeat liver biopsies. Hepatology 40:820\u2013826","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07659.x","volume":"98","author":"SA Harrison","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harrison SA, Torgerson S, Hayashi PH (2003) The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a clinical histopathological study. Am J Gastroenterol 98:2042\u20132047","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"552_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.07.010","volume":"41","author":"P Sorrentino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sorrentino P, Tarantino G, Conca P, Perrella A, Terracciano ML, Vecchione R et al (2004) Silent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-a clinical-histological study. J Hepatol 41:751\u2013757","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"552_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12212","volume":"28","author":"D Schuppan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schuppan D, Schattenberg JM (2013) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: pathogenesis and novel therapeutic approaches. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28(Suppl 1):68\u201376","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hepres.2005.09.007","volume":"33","author":"E Hashimoto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hashimoto E, Yatsuji S, Kaneda H, Yoshioka Y, Taniai M, Tokushige K et al (2005) The characteristics and natural history of Japanese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res 33:72\u201376","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"1342\u20131359","key":"552_CR17","first-page":"e2","volume":"10","author":"DL White","year":"2012","unstructured":"White DL, Kanwal F, El-Serag HB (2012) Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk for hepatocellular cancer, based on systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 10(1342\u20131359):e2","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2703-1","volume":"55","author":"A Nakamura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakamura A, Tajima K, Zolzaya K, Sato K, Inoue R, Yoneda M et al (2012) Protection from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver tumourigenesis in high fat-fed insulin receptor substrate-1-knockout mice despite insulin resistance. Diabetologia 55:3382\u20133391","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"552_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23797","volume":"52","author":"R Kohli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kohli R, Kirby M, Xanthakos SA, Softic S, Feldstein AE, Saxena V et al (2010) High-fructose, medium chain trans fat diet induces liver fibrosis and elevates plasma coenzyme Q9 in a novel murine model of obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 52:934\u2013944","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11963","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140611963","volume":"14","author":"G Kanuri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanuri G, Bergheim I (2013) In vitro and in vivo models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Int J Mol Sci 14:11963\u201311980","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"552_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8525","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i26.8525","volume":"20","author":"M Ganz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ganz M, Csak T, Szabo G (2014) High fat diet feeding results in gender specific steatohepatitis and inflammasome activation. World J Gastroenterol 20:8525\u20138534","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"552_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24341","volume":"54","author":"T Csak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Csak T, Ganz M, Pespisa J, Kodys K, Dolganiuc A, Szabo G (2011) Fatty acid and endotoxin activate inflammasomes in mouse hepatocytes that release danger signals to stimulate immune cells. Hepatology 54:133\u2013144","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12537","volume":"34","author":"T Csak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Csak T, Pillai A, Ganz M, Lippai D, Petrasek J, Park J-K et al (2014) Both bone marrow-derived and non-bone marrow-derived cells contribute to AIM2 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a MyD88-dependent manner in dietary steatohepatitis. Liver Int 34:1402\u20131413","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"552_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00599-3","volume":"10","author":"F Martinon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Martinon F, Burns K, Tschopp J (2002) The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta. Mol Cell 10:417\u2013426","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"552_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3476","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60777","volume":"122","author":"J Petrasek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Petrasek J, Bala S, Csak T, Lippai D, Kodys K, Menashy V et al (2012) IL-1 receptor antagonist ameliorates inflammasome-dependent alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J Clin Invest 122:3476\u20133489","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"552_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1212659","volume":"94","author":"D Lippai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lippai D, Bala S, Petrasek J, Csak T, Levin I, Kurt-Jones EA et al (2013) Alcohol-induced IL-1beta in the brain is mediated by NLRP3\/ASC inflammasome activation that amplifies neuroinflammation. J Leukoc Biol 94:171\u2013182","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"552_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.06.017","volume":"45","author":"A Velayudham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Velayudham A, Hritz I, Dolganiuc A, Mandrekar P, Kurt-Jones E, Szabo G (2006) Critical role of toll-like receptors and the common TLR adaptor, MyD88, in induction of granulomas and liver injury. J Hepatol 45:813\u2013824","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25559","volume":"55","author":"CD Guy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guy CD, Suzuki A, Zdanowicz M, Abdelmalek MF, Burchette J, Unalp A et al (2012) NASH CRN: hedgehog pathway activation parallels histologic severity of injury and fibrosis in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 55:1711\u20131721","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR29","first-page":"423","volume":"152","author":"F Marra","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marra F, DeFranco R, Grappone C, Milani S, Pastacaldi S, Pinzani M et al (1998) Increased expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 during active hepatic fibrogenesis: correlation with monocyte infiltration. Am J Pathol 152:423\u2013430","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"552_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300304","volume":"61","author":"C Baeck","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baeck C, Wehr A, Karlmark KR, Heymann F, Vucur M, Gassler N et al (2012) Pharmacological inhibition of the chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1) diminishes liver macrophage infiltration and steatohepatitis in chronic hepatic injury. Gut 61:416\u2013426","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"552_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101011-155745","volume":"28","author":"M Lamkanfi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lamkanfi M, Dixit VM (2012) Inflammasomes and their roles in health and disease. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 28:137\u2013161","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"552_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.07.007","volume":"14","author":"C Ciraci","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ciraci C, Janczy JR, Sutterwala FS, Cassel SL (2012) Control of innate and adaptive immunity by the inflammasome. Microbes Infect 14:1263\u20131270","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"552_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.03.035","volume":"57","author":"G Szabo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Szabo G, Csak T (2012) Inflammasomes in liver diseases. J Hepatol 57:642\u2013654","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.09.008","volume":"143","author":"P Kubes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kubes P, Mehal WZ (2012) Sterile inflammation in the liver. Gastroenterology 143:1158\u20131172","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"552_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.04.019","volume":"47","author":"CA Rivera","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rivera CA, Adegboyega P, van Rooijen N, Tagalicud A, Allman M, Wallace M (2007) Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 47:571\u2013579","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40161","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.417014","volume":"287","author":"AC Tosello-Trampont","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tosello-Trampont AC, Landes SG, Nguyen V, Novobrantseva TI, Hahn YS (2012) Kuppfer cells trigger nonalcoholic steatohepatitis development in diet-induced mouse model through tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. J Biol Chem 287:40161\u201340172","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"552_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1733","volume":"5","author":"S Gordon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gordon S, Taylor PR (2005) Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity. Nat Rev Immunol 5:953\u2013964","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"552_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23148","volume":"50","author":"ZB Deng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deng ZB, Liu Y, Liu C, Xiang X, Wang J, Cheng Z et al (2009) Immature myeloid cells induced by a high-fat diet contribute to liver inflammation. Hepatology 50:1412\u20131420","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.05.025","volume":"49","author":"X Ma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ma X, Hua J, Li Z (2008) Probiotics improve high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance by increasing hepatic NKT cells. J Hepatol 49:821\u2013830","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850836","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/850836","volume":"2012","author":"K Tajiri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tajiri K, Shimizu Y (2012) Role of NKT cells in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Int J Hepatol 2012:850836","journal-title":"Int J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0602325","volume":"73","author":"DM Mosser","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mosser DM (2003) The many faces of macrophage activation. J Leukoc Biol 73:209\u2013212","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"552_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30542","volume":"117","author":"JP Iredale","year":"2007","unstructured":"Iredale JP (2007) Models of liver fibrosis: exploring the dynamic nature of inflammation and repair in a solid organ. J Clin Invest 117:539\u2013548","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"552_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3623","volume":"14","author":"A Pellicoro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pellicoro A, Ramachandran P, Iredale JP, Fallowfield JA (2014) Liver fibrosis and repair: immune regulation of wound healing in a solid organ. Nat Rev Immunol 14:181\u2013194","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"552_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.8","volume":"21","author":"ST Micchelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Micchelli ST, Vivekanandan P, Boitnott JK, Pawlik TM, Choti MA, Torbenson M (2008) Malignant transformation of hepatic adenomas. Mod Pathol 21:491\u2013497","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"552_CR45","first-page":"253261","volume":"2013","author":"P Bioulac-Sage","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bioulac-Sage P, Sempoux C, Possenti L, Frulio N, Laumonier H, Laurent C et al (2013) Pathological diagnosis of hepatocellular cellular adenoma according to the clinical context. Int J Hepatol 2013:253261","journal-title":"Int J Hepatol"},{"key":"552_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2006.00485.x","volume":"87","author":"WD Kuhlmann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuhlmann WD, Peschke P (2006) Hepatic progenitor cells, stem cells, and AFP expression in models of liver injury. Int J Exp Pathol 87:343\u2013359","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"552_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000143402","volume":"29","author":"S Sell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sell S (2008) Alpha-fetoprotein, stem cells and cancer: how study of the production of alpha-fetoprotein during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis led to reaffirmation of the stem cell theory of cancer. Tumour Biol 29:161\u2013180","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"552_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G483","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00079.2013","volume":"305","author":"JR Clapper","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clapper JR, Hendricks MD, Gu G, Wittmer C, Dolman CS, Herich J et al (2013) Diet-induced mouse model of fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis reflecting clinical disease progression and methods of assessment. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 305:G483\u2013G495","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"552_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G987","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90272.2008","volume":"295","author":"LH Tetri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tetri LH, Basaranoglu M, Brunt EM, Yerian LM, Neuschwander-Tetri BA (2008) Severe NAFLD with hepatic necroinflammatory changes in mice fed trans fats and a high-fructose corn syrup equivalent. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295:G987\u2013G995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"552_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G825","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00145.2011","volume":"301","author":"M Charlton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Charlton M, Krishnan A, Viker K, Sanderson S, Cazanave S, McConico A et al (2011) Fast food diet mouse: novel small animal model of NASH with ballooning, progressive fibrosis, and high physiological fidelity to the human condition. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 301:G825\u2013G834","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"552_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24256","volume":"53","author":"B Nath","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nath B, Levin I, Csak T, Petrasek J, Mueller C, Kodys K et al (2011) Hepatocyte-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha is a determinant of lipid accumulation and liver injury in alcohol-induced steatosis in mice. Hepatology 53:1526\u20131537","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24599","volume":"54","author":"P Mandrekar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mandrekar P, Ambade A, Lim A, Szabo G, Catalano D (2011) An essential role for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in alcoholic liver injury: regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and hepatic steatosis in mice. Hepatology 54:2185\u20132197","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20906","volume":"58","author":"K Terada","year":"2010","unstructured":"Terada K, Yamada J, Hayashi Y, Wu Z, Uchiyama Y, Peters C et al (2010) Involvement of cathepsin B in the processing and secretion of interleukin-1beta in chromogranin A-stimulated microglia. Glia 58:114\u2013124","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"552_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70599-2","volume":"114","author":"CP Day","year":"1998","unstructured":"Day CP, James OF (1998) Steatohepatitis: a tale of two \u201chits\u201d? Gastroenterology 114:842\u2013845","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"552_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24001","volume":"52","author":"H Tilg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tilg H, Moschen AR (2010) Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis. Hepatology 52:1836\u20131846","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26607","volume":"59","author":"J Wan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wan J, Benkdane M, Teixeira-Clerc F, Bonnafous S, Louvet A, Lafdil F et al (2014) M2 Kupffer cells promote M1 Kupffer cell apoptosis: a protective mechanism against alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 59:130\u2013142","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"552_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2012.11.002","volume":"1832","author":"JP Iredale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iredale JP, Thompson A, Henderson NC (2013) Extracellular matrix degradation in liver fibrosis: biochemistry and regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1832:876\u2013883","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"552_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2011.07.001","volume":"193","author":"E Mormone","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mormone E, George J, Nieto N (2011) Molecular pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis and current therapeutic approaches. Chem Biol Interact 193:225\u2013231","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"}],"container-title":["Journal of Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-015-0552-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T13:44:36Z","timestamp":1498225476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.translational-medicine.com\/content\/13\/1\/193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-015-0552-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-5876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-5876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"article-number":"193"}}