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The aim of our multicenter, real-world study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PMB in the treatment of CR-GNB infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The real-world study included patients treated with intravenous PMB for at least 7\u00a0days during the period of October 2018 through June 2019. Associations between these clinical features and 28-day mortality or all-cause hospital mortality were explored through univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study included 100 patients. Many patients presented with combined chronic conditions, septic shock, mechanical ventilation, and the presence of <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. The mean duration of PMB therapy was 11\u00a0days (range 7\u201338\u00a0days). Temperature (38\u00a0\u00b0C vs 37.1\u00a0\u00b0C), white blood cells (14.13\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/l vs 9.28\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/l), C-reactive protein (103.55\u00a0ug\/l vs 47.60\u00a0ug\/l), procalcitonin (3.89\u00a0ng\/ml vs 1.70\u00a0ng\/ml) and APACHE II levels (17.75\u2009\u00b1\u20097.69 vs 15.98\u2009\u00b1\u20097.95) were significantly decreased after PMB treatment. The bacteria eradication rate was 77.65%. The overall mortality at discharge was 15%, and 28-day mortality was 40%. Major adverse reactions occurred in 16 patients. Nephrotoxicity was observed in 7 patients (7%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results provide positive clinical and safety outcomes for PMB in the treatment of CR-GNB. Timely and appropriate use of PMB may be particularly useful in treating patients with sepsis in CR-GNB infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-03111-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T17:20:09Z","timestamp":1634404809000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Clinical outcomes and safety of polymyxin B in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections: a real-world multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoyan","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaohua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6536-3222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongwen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3111_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00048","volume":"4","author":"G Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel G, Bonomo RA. \u201cStormy waters ahead\u201d: global emergence of carbapenemases. 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