{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:08:38Z","timestamp":1790791718274,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-01755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-01755"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Cancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22 2257Pj"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22 2257Pj"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006313","name":"Barncancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PR2022-0066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PR2022-0066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006313","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007232","name":"Radiumhemmets Forskningsfonder","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007232","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004047","name":"Karolinska Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Transl Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intratumoral injection of oncolytic viruses (OVs) shows promise in immunotherapy: ONCOS-102, a genetically engineered OV that encodes Granulocyte\u2013Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) demonstrated efficacy in early clinical trials, enhancing T cell infiltration in tumors. This suggests OVs may boost various forms of immunotherapy, including tumor-specific bi-specific antibodies (BsAbs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study investigated in vitro, how ONCOS-204, a variant of ONCOS-virus expressing the ligand of inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOSL), modulates the process of T cell activation induced by a BsAb. ONCOS-102 was used for comparison. Phenotypic and functional changes induced by combination of different OVs, and BsAb in T cell subsets were assessed by flow cytometry, viability, and proliferation assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Degranulation and IFN\u03b3 and TNF production of T cells, especially CD4\u2009+\u2009T cells was the most increased upon target cell exposure to ONCOS-204. Unexpectedly, ONCOS-204 profoundly affected CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell proliferation and function through ICOS-L\/ICOS interaction. The effect solely depended on cell surface expression of ICOS-L as soluble ICOSL did not induce notable T cell activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Together, our data suggests that oncolytic adenoviruses encoding ICOSL may enhance functional activity of tumor-specific BsAbs thereby opening a novel avenue for clinical development in immunotherapeutics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T13:02:09Z","timestamp":1709816529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inducing expression of ICOS-L by oncolytic adenovirus to enhance tumor-specific bi-specific antibody efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Neshat","family":"Saffarzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emelie","family":"Foord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eoghan","family":"O\u2019Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rand","family":"Mahmoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Birkballe Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Levitsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1965-3522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Poiret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Uhlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"5049_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1129139","volume":"313","author":"J Galon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galon J, Costes A, Sanchez-Cabo F, Kirilovsky A, Mlecnik B, Lagorce-Pages C, Tosolini M, Camus M, Berger A, Wind P, et al. Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome. Science. 2006;313:1960\u20134.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5049_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.189","volume":"105","author":"MJ Gooden","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gooden MJ, de Bock GH, Leffers N, Daemen T, Nijman HW. The prognostic influence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2011;105:93\u2013103.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"5049_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020177","volume":"348","author":"L Zhang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zhang L, Conejo-Garcia JR, Katsaros D, Gimotty PA, Massobrio M, Regnani G, Makrigiannakis A, Gray H, Schlienger K, Liebman MN, et al. Intratumoral T cells, recurrence, and survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:203\u201313.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5049_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.101","volume":"14","author":"WH Fridman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fridman WH, Zitvogel L, Sautes-Fridman C, Kroemer G. The immune contexture in cancer prognosis and treatment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14:717\u201334.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5049_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1040","volume":"26","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zugazagoitia J, Ahmed FS, Henick BS, Gettinger SN, Herbst RS, Schalper KA, Rimm DL. Immune cell PD-L1 colocalizes with macrophages and is associated with outcome in PD-1 pathway blockade therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:970\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5049_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.01.002","volume":"40","author":"A Asrir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Asrir A, Tardiveau C, Coudert J, Laffont R, Blanchard L, Bellard E, Veerman K, Bettini S, Lafouresse F, Vina E, et al. Tumor-associated high endothelial venules mediate lymphocyte entry into tumors and predict response to PD-1 plus CTLA-4 combination immunotherapy. Cancer Cell. 2022;40:318-334.e319.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"5049_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2015.02.008","volume":"36","author":"KE Pauken","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pauken KE, Wherry EJ. Overcoming T cell exhaustion in infection and cancer. Trends Immunol. 2015;36:265\u201376.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"5049_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-1680","volume":"11","author":"P Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma P, Siddiqui BA, Anandhan S, Yadav SS, Subudhi SK, Gao J, Goswami S, Allison JP. The next decade of immune checkpoint therapy. Cancer Discov. 2021;11:838\u201357.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"5049_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01164-5","volume":"14","author":"S Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu S, Zhang T, Zheng L, Liu H, Song W, Liu D, Li Z, Pan CX. Combination strategies to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2021;14:156.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"5049_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001191","volume":"8","author":"C Groeneveldt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Groeneveldt C, Kinderman P, van den Wollenberg DJM, van den Oever RL, Middelburg J, Mustafa DAM, Hoeben RC, van der Burg SH, van Hall T, van Montfoort N. Preconditioning of the tumor microenvironment with oncolytic reovirus converts CD3-bispecific antibody treatment into effective immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer. 2020;8: e001191.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"5049_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.12.002","volume":"185","author":"A Krishnamurthy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Krishnamurthy A, Jimeno A. Bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy: a review. Pharmacol Ther. 2018;185:122\u201334.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"5049_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10564-4","volume":"23","author":"X Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao X, Wang Y, Jiang X, Mo B, Wang C, Tang M, Rong Y, Zhang G, Hu M, Cai H. Comprehensive analysis of the role of ICOS (CD278) in pan-cancer prognosis and immunotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2023;23:194.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"5049_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-2046","volume":"29","author":"AN Shoushtari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shoushtari AN, Olszanski AJ, Nyakas M, Hornyak TJ, Wolchok JD, Levitsky V, Kuryk L, Hansen TB, Jaderberg M. Pilot study of ONCOS-102 and pembrolizumab: remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and clinical outcomes in anti-PD-1-resistant advanced melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2023;29:100\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5049_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13141","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.22.13141","volume":"95","author":"R Soiffer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Soiffer R, Lynch T, Mihm M, Jung K, Rhuda C, Schmollinger JC, Hodi FS, Liebster L, Lam P, Mentzer S, et al. Vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generates potent antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:13141\u20136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"5049_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2010.161","volume":"18","author":"A Koski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koski A, Kangasniemi L, Escutenaire S, Pesonen S, Cerullo V, Diaconu I, Nokisalmi P, Raki M, Rajecki M, Guse K, et al. Treatment of cancer patients with a serotype 5\/3 chimeric oncolytic adenovirus expressing GMCSF. Mol Ther. 2010;18:1874\u201384.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"5049_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182715","volume":"12","author":"L Kuryk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kuryk L, Vassilev L, Ranki T, Hemminki A, Karioja-Kallio A, Levalampi O, Vuolanto A, Cerullo V, Pesonen S. Toxicological and bio-distribution profile of a GM-CSF-expressing, double-targeted, chimeric oncolytic adenovirus ONCOS-102-Support for clinical studies on advanced cancer treatment. PLoS ONE. 2017;12: e0182715.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5049_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.3377","volume":"33","author":"RH Andtbacka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andtbacka RH, Kaufman HL, Collichio F, Amatruda T, Senzer N, Chesney J, Delman KA, Spitler LE, Puzanov I, Agarwala SS, et al. Talimogene laherparepvec improves durable response rate in patients with advanced melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:2780\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5049_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01510-7","volume":"27","author":"R Dummer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dummer R, Gyorki DE, Hyngstrom J, Berger AC, Conry R, Demidov L, Sharma A, Treichel SA, Radcliffe H, Gorski KS, et al. Neoadjuvant talimogene laherparepvec plus surgery versus surgery alone for resectable stage IIIB-IVM1a melanoma: a randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial. Nat Med. 2021;27:1789\u201396.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"5049_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-022-09896-4","volume":"22","author":"MW Rohaan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rohaan MW, Stahlie EHA, Franke V, Zijlker LP, Wilgenhof S, van der Noort V, van Akkooi ACJ, Haanen J. Neoadjuvant nivolumab + T-VEC combination therapy for resectable early stage or metastatic (IIIB-IVM1a) melanoma with injectable disease: study protocol of the NIVEC trial. BMC Cancer. 2022;22:851.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"5049_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-021-01075-5","volume":"14","author":"JPW Heidbuechel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heidbuechel JPW, Engeland CE. Oncolytic viruses encoding bispecific T cell engagers: a blueprint for emerging immunovirotherapies. J Hematol Oncol. 2021;14:63.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"5049_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2021.277","volume":"33","author":"J Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin J, Wang R, Yang J, Hu H, Wang D, Cai L, Fang Z, Dong S, Hu S, Wang Y, Liu B. Bispecific antibody expressed by an oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 can transform heterologous T cells into uniform tumor killer cells. Hum Gene Ther. 2022;33:649\u201363.","journal-title":"Hum Gene Ther"},{"key":"5049_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25501","volume":"91","author":"L Kuryk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuryk L, Moller AW, Jaderberg M. Abscopal effect when combining oncolytic adenovirus and checkpoint inhibitor in a humanized NOG mouse model of melanoma. J Med Virol. 2019;91:1702\u20136.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"5049_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.2.774","volume":"180","author":"Y Burmeister","year":"2008","unstructured":"Burmeister Y, Lischke T, Dahler AC, Mages HW, Lam KP, Coyle AJ, Kroczek RA, Hutloff A. ICOS controls the pool size of effector-memory and regulatory T cells. J Immunol. 2008;180:774\u201382.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"5049_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-20-0034","volume":"8","author":"RCA Sainson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sainson RCA, Thotakura AK, Kosmac M, Borhis G, Parveen N, Kimber R, Carvalho J, Henderson SJ, Pryke KL, Okell T, et al. An antibody targeting ICOS increases intratumoral cytotoxic to regulatory T-cell ratio and induces tumor regression. Cancer Immunol Res. 2020;8:1568\u201382.","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"5049_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/16717","volume":"397","author":"A Hutloff","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hutloff A, Dittrich AM, Beier KC, Eljaschewitsch B, Kraft R, Anagnostopoulos I, Kroczek RA. ICOS is an inducible T-cell co-stimulator structurally and functionally related to CD28. Nature. 1999;397:263\u20136.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5049_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh206","volume":"17","author":"M Watanabe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Watanabe M, Hara Y, Tanabe K, Toma H, Abe R. A distinct role for ICOS-mediated co-stimulatory signaling in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Int Immunol. 2005;17:269\u201378.","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"5049_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500218","volume":"196","author":"D Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu D, Burd EM, Coopersmith CM, Ford ML. Retrogenic ICOS expression increases differentiation of KLRG-1hiCD127loCD8+ T Cells during listeria infection and diminishes recall responses. J Immunol. 2016;196:1000\u201312.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"5049_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.4.1989","volume":"174","author":"M Watanabe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Watanabe M, Watanabe S, Hara Y, Harada Y, Kubo M, Tanabe K, Toma H, Abe R. ICOS-mediated costimulation on Th2 differentiation is achieved by the enhancement of IL-4 receptor-mediated signaling. J Immunol. 2005;174:1989\u201396.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"5049_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55ra78","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3000448","volume":"2","author":"CM Paulos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Paulos CM, Carpenito C, Plesa G, Suhoski MM, Varela-Rohena A, Golovina TN, Carroll RG, Riley JL, June CH. The inducible costimulator (ICOS) is critical for the development of human T(H)17 cells. Sci Transl Med. 2010;2:55ra78.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"5049_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1038\/35074122","volume":"410","author":"V Shankaran","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shankaran V, Ikeda H, Bruce AT, White JM, Swanson PE, Old LJ, Schreiber RD. IFNgamma and lymphocytes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immunogenicity. Nature. 2001;410:1107\u201311.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5049_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308099176","volume":"18","author":"M Her","year":"2009","unstructured":"Her M, Kim D, Oh M, Jeong H, Choi I. Increased expression of soluble inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2009;18:501\u20137.","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"5049_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19341","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8464","volume":"7","author":"TB Buus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buus TB, Schmidt JD, Bonefeld CM, Geisler C, Lauritsen JP. Development of interleukin-17-producing Vgamma2+ gammadelta T cells is reduced by ICOS signaling in the thymus. Oncotarget. 2016;7:19341\u201354.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"}],"container-title":["Journal of Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,10]],"date-time":"2024-03-10T18:03:44Z","timestamp":1710093824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-024-05049-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3856699\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1479-5876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-5876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"EF and EOL report employment by Circio Holding ASA. TBH and VL report employment by Circio Holding ASA and stock in Circio Holding ASA.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"250"}}