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This study aims to investigate the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assessment in predicting and reflecting disease status during adjuvant therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We enrolled 32 patients with resected BRAF-mutated stage III CM receiving adjuvant targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Plasma samples of patients were collected at the baseline (treatment initiation) and during the therapy, and BRAF-mutated ctDNA was quantified by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Baseline ctDNA was detected in 11\/32 (34.4%) patients and predicted postoperative high risk of relapse [HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.20\u201312.00, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023]. The three-year overall survival (OS) rate was 54.6% (95% CI 22.9\u201377.9) versus 95% (95% CI 69.5\u201399.3) in ctDNA-positive and negative groups, respectively, with significantly worse OS for ctDNA-positive patients [HR 7.92, 95% CI 1.56\u201340.36, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013]. Among the baseline ctDNA-positive group (high-risk patients), longitudinal ctDNA detection during adjuvant therapy reflected the clinical outcomes. Only non-relapsing patients cleared their plasma ctDNA by the end of the treatment, while persistent ctDNA detection provided early evidence of disease recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ctDNA detection shows promising results in the post-operative setting for identifying cutaneous melanoma patients at the highest risk of relapse and for real-time monitoring of patients\u2019 clinical status and treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05783-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T08:46:00Z","timestamp":1732783560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Monitoring circulating tumor DNA liquid biopsy in stage III BRAF-mutant melanoma patients undergoing adjuvant treatment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Marchisio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia Andrea","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Roccuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Bongiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Ortolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Bertero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Berrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Pala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Ponti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Osella-Abate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Deaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Marchi\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sapino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Senetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Funaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Ribero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Quaglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cassoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"5783_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amabile S, Roccuzzo G, Pala V, Tonella L, Rubatto M, Merli M et al. 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