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Additionally, the animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the guidelines and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital (No. AHQU-MAL20240322JC). All experiments were conducted in accordance with the approved protocol. The maximum tumor size permitted by our ethics committee is a diameter of 20\u00a0mm and a total volume of 2000\u00a0mm\u00b3. These limits were not exceeded during the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors have read the journal\u2019s policy on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. All authors read and agree to the journal\u2019s authorship statement.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"946"}}