{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T15:38:55Z","timestamp":1784907535713,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Transl Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Noble gases xenon (Xe) and argon (Ar) emerge as promising therapeutic agents. Extensive studies have validated their efficacy across various models of organ injury, positioning them as novel candidates for clinical translation in critical care and perioperative medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Body<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Xe and Ar exert protective effects through multiple mechanisms, including activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway, inhibition of regulated cell death pathways, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, and suppression of pro-inflammatory signaling. By modulating these key signaling pathways, Xe and Ar have been shown to improve outcomes in neurological, cardiac, renal, and hepatic systems across diverse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, traumatic brain injury, and systemic inflammation. Clinically, Xe has shown efficacy in anesthesia, neonatal neuroprotection, and cardiac arrest management. Ar, with greater availability and lower costs, holds promise for broader clinical use but remains in the early stage of translational research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Xe and Ar represent novel biologically active gases with the potential to provide promising therapies in perioperative and clinical care medicine. Overcoming current limitations, such as a lack of standardized delivery systems and optimized dosing strategies, is key to uncovering their clinical application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T09:35:30Z","timestamp":1773048930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Noble gases xenon and argon: from cellular signalling mechanisms to organoprotection and clinical applications"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shifan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiashi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moradi","family":"Kimia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinayinie Ekanayake","family":"Mudiyanselage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakjun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1235-0537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daqing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"7944_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldh034","volume":"71","author":"RD Sanders","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sanders RD, Ma D, Maze M. Xenon: elemental anaesthesia in clinical practice. Br Med Bull. 2004;71:115\u201335.","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"7944_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.09.26","volume":"4","author":"P Sun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sun P, Jianteng G, Mervyn M, Ma D. Is xenon a future neuroprotectant? Future Neurol. 2009;4:483\u201392.","journal-title":"Future Neurol"},{"key":"7944_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001033","volume":"34","author":"A H\u00f6llig","year":"2021","unstructured":"H\u00f6llig A, Coburn M. Noble gases and neuroprotection: summary of current evidence. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2021;34:603\u201306.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9087","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9087","volume":"95","author":"DL Anderson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Anderson DL. A model to explain the various paradoxes associated with mantle noble gas geochemistry. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:9087\u201392.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"7944_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet072","volume":"111","author":"C Stoppe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stoppe C, Fahlenkamp AV, Rex S, Veeck NC, Gozdowsky SC, Sch\u00e4lte G, et al. Feasibility and safety of xenon compared with sevoflurane anaesthesia in coronary surgical patients: a randomized controlled pilot study. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111:406\u201316.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-015-0507-8","volume":"63","author":"M Maze","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maze M. Preclinical neuroprotective actions of xenon and possible implications for human therapeutics: a narrative review. Can J Anaesth. 2016;63:212\u201326.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/89.5.739","volume":"89","author":"D Ma","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ma D, Wilhelm S, Maze M, Franks NP. Neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties of the \u2018inert\u2019 gas, xenon. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:739\u201346.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200303000-00017","volume":"98","author":"D Ma","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ma D, Yang H, Lynch J, Franks NP, Maze M, Grocott HP. Xenon attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:690\u201398.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Komasa S, Kusumoto T, Hayashi R, Takao S, Li M, Yan S, et al. Effect of argon-based atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on hard tissue formation on titanium surface. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147617"},{"key":"7944_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00071","volume":"62","author":"I Hammami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hammami I, Farjot G, Naveau M, Rousseaud A, Prang\u00e9 T, Katz I, et al. Method for the identification of potentially bioactive argon binding sites in protein families. J Chem Inf Model. 2022;62:1318\u201327.","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"key":"7944_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e328357bfdd","volume":"29","author":"M Coburn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Coburn M, Sanders RD, Ma D, Fries M, Rex S, Magalon G, et al. Argon: the \u2018lazy\u2019 noble gas with organoprotective properties. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2012;29:549\u201351.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N F, R S, R L, F F, O D, R G. A complete review of preclinical and clinical uses of the noble gas argon: evidence of safety and protection. Ann Card Anaesth. 2019;22.","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.ACA_111_18"},{"key":"7944_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.09.011","volume":"80","author":"Z Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma Z, Xiang X, Li S, Xie P, Gong Q, Goh BC, et al. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1, for cancer treatment: recent advances in developing small-molecule inhibitors from natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022;80:379\u201390.","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"7944_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2008.163","volume":"29","author":"M Thoresen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thoresen M, Hobbs CE, Wood T, Chakkarapani E, Dingley J. Cooling combined with immediate or delayed xenon inhalation provides equivalent long-term neuroprotection after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2009;29:707\u201314.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"7944_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-01771-x","volume":"57","author":"F Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu F, Liu S, Patterson TA, Fogle C, Hanig JP, Slikker W, et al. Effects of xenon-based anesthetic exposure on the expression levels of polysialic acid neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) on human neural stem cell-derived neurons. Mol Neurobiol. 2020;57:217\u201325.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"7944_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706063","volume":"144","author":"NC Weber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weber NC, Toma O, Wolter JI, Obal D, M\u00fcllenheim J, Preckel B, et al. The noble gas xenon induces pharmacological preconditioning in the rat heart in vivo via induction of PKC-\u025b and p38 MAPK. Br J Pharmacol. 2005;144:123\u201332.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"7944_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000287061.77674.71","volume":"107","author":"R Dickinson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dickinson R, Peterson Brian K, Banks P, Simillis C, Martin Juan CS, Valenzuela Carlos A, et al. Competitive inhibition at the glycine site of the N -methyl-d-aspartate receptor by the anesthetics xenon and isoflurane: evidence from molecular modeling and electrophysiology. Anesthesiology. 2007;107:756\u201367.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008070712","volume":"20","author":"D Ma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ma D, Lim T, Xu J, Tang H, Wan Y, Zhao H, et al. Xenon preconditioning protects against renal ischemic-reperfusion injury via HIF-1alpha activation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:713\u201320.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"7944_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14076","volume":"31","author":"H Gill","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gill H, Pickering AE. The effects of xenon on sevoflurane anesthesia-induced acidosis and brain cell apoptosis in immature rats. Pediatr Anesth. 2021;31:372\u201374.","journal-title":"Pediatr Anesth"},{"key":"7944_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WCB.0000087342.31689.18","volume":"23","author":"HN David","year":"2003","unstructured":"David HN, Leveille F, Chazalviel L, MacKenzie ET, Buisson A, Lemaire M, et al. Reduction of ischemic brain damage by nitrous oxide and xenon. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2003;23:1168\u201373.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"7944_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00347-6","volume":"15","author":"D Azzopardi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Azzopardi D, Robertson NJ, Bainbridge A, Cady E, Charles-Edwards G, Deierl A, et al. Moderate hypothermia within 6 h of birth plus inhaled xenon versus moderate hypothermia alone after birth asphyxia (TOBY-Xe): a proof-of-concept, open-label, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:145\u201353.","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"7944_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veldeman M, Coburn M, Rossaint R, Clusmann H, Nolte K, Kremer B, et al. Xenon reduces neuronal hippocampal damage and alters the pattern of microglial activation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: a randomized controlled animal trial. Front Neurol. 2017;8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00511"},{"key":"7944_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.02.032","volume":"123","author":"R Campos-Pires","year":"2019","unstructured":"Campos-Pires R, Hirnet T, Valeo F, Ong BE, Radyushkin K, Aldhoun J, et al. Xenon improves long-term cognitive function, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury in mice. Br J Anaesth. 2019;123:60\u201373.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.Ob013e31818874bf","volume":"107","author":"NC Weber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weber NC, Fr\u00e4dorf J, Ratajczak C, Grueber Y, Schlack W, Hollmann MW, et al. Xenon induces late cardiac preconditioning in vivo: a role for cyclooxygenase 2? Anesth Analg. 2008;107:1807\u201313.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10796","volume":"105","author":"J De Deken","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Deken J, Rex S, Lerut E, Martinet W, Monbaliu D, Pirenne J, et al. Postconditioning effects of argon or xenon on early graft function in a porcine model of kidney autotransplantation. Br J Surg. 2018;105:1051\u201360.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"7944_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.334","volume":"85","author":"H Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao H, Luo X, Zhou Z, Liu J, Tralau-Stewart C, George AJT, et al. Early treatment with xenon protects against the cold ischemia associated with chronic allograft nephropathy in rats. Kidney Int. 2014;85:112\u201323.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7944_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.296039","volume":"10","author":"B Kremer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kremer B, Coburn M, Weinandy A, Nolte K, Clusmann H, Veldeman M, et al. Argon treatment after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: evaluation of microglial activation and neuronal survival as a subanalysis of a randomized controlled animal trial. Med Gas Res. 2020;10:103\u201309.","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"7944_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182452164","volume":"40","author":"L Zhuang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhuang L, Yang T, Zhao H, Fidalgo AR, Vizcaychipi MP, Sanders RD, et al. The protective profile of argon, helium, and xenon in a model of neonatal asphyxia in rats*. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:1724\u201330.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.12.001","volume":"87","author":"KD Broad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Broad KD, Fierens I, Fleiss B, Rocha-Ferreira E, Ezzati M, Hassell J, et al. Inhaled 45-50% argon augments hypothermic brain protection in a piglet model of perinatal asphyxia. Neurobiol Dis. 2016;87:29\u201338.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"7944_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03233-y","volume":"5","author":"I Melnikov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Melnikov I, Orekhov P, Rulev M, Kovalev K, Astashkin R, Bratanov D, et al. High-pressure crystallography shows noble gas intervention into protein-lipid interaction and suggests a model for anaesthetic action. Commun Biol. 2022;5:360.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"7944_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.215746","volume":"7","author":"JH Abraini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abraini JH, David HN, Blatteau J-\u00c9, Risso JJ, Vall\u00e9e N. A method for calculating the gas volume proportions and inhalation temperature of inert gas mixtures allowing reaching normothermic or hypothermic target body temperature in the awake rat. Med Gas Res. 2017;7:175\u201380.","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"7944_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000624","volume":"43","author":"R Campos-Pires","year":"2015","unstructured":"Campos-Pires R, Armstrong SP, Sebastiani A, Luh C, Gruss M, Radyushkin K, et al. Xenon improves neurologic outcome and reduces secondary injury following trauma in an in vivo model of traumatic brain injury*. Crit Care Med. 2015;43:149\u201358.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e3283583c4b","volume":"29","author":"SD Faulkner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Faulkner SD, Downie NA, Mercer CJ, Kerr SA, Sanders RD, Robertson NJ. A xenon recirculating ventilator for the newborn piglet: developing clinical applications of xenon for neonates. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2012;29:577\u201385.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100616-060748","volume":"34","author":"SA Gudipaty","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gudipaty SA, Conner CM, Rosenblatt J, Montell DJ. Unconventional ways to live and die: cell death and survival in development, homeostasis, and disease. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2018;34:311\u201332.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"7944_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.25650","volume":"12","author":"S Spaggiari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Spaggiari S, Kepp O, Rello-Varona S, Chaba K, Adjemian S, Pype J, et al. Antiapoptotic activity of argon and xenon. Cell Cycle. 2013;12:2636\u201342.","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"7944_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22387","volume":"70","author":"S Faulkner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Faulkner S, Bainbridge A, Kato T, Chandrasekaran M, Kapetanakis AB, Hristova M, et al. Xenon augmented hypothermia reduces early lactate\/N-acetylaspartate and cell death in perinatal asphyxia. Ann Neurol. 2011;70:133\u201350.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"7944_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181d960d7","volume":"113","author":"Y Shu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shu Y, Patel SM, Pac-Soo C, Fidalgo AR, Wan Y, Maze M, et al. Xenon pretreatment attenuates anesthetic-induced apoptosis in the developing brain in comparison with nitrous oxide and hypoxia. Anesthesiology. 2010;113:360\u201368.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia P, Teng J, Zou J, Fang Y, Wu X, Liang M, et al. Xenon protects against septic acute kidney injury via miR-21 target signaling pathway. Crit Care Med. 2015;43:e250\u2013259.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001001"},{"key":"7944_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000264762.48920.80","volume":"106","author":"D Ma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ma D, Williamson P, Januszewski A, Nogaro MC, Hossain M, Ong LP, et al. Xenon mitigates isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in the developing rodent brain. Anesthesiology. 2007;106:746\u201353.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.290098","volume":"16","author":"U Goebel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goebel U, Scheid S, Spassov S, Schallner N, Wollborn J, Buerkle H, et al. Argon reduces microglial activation and inflammatory cytokine expression in retinal ischemia\/reperfusion injury. Neural Regener Res. 2021;16:192\u201398.","journal-title":"Neural Regener Res"},{"key":"7944_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318192a520","volume":"108","author":"Y Mio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mio Y, Shim YH, Richards E, Bosnjak ZJ, Pagel PS, Bienengraeber M. Xenon preconditioning: the role of prosurvival signaling, mitochondrial permeability transition and bioenergetics in rats. Anesth Analg. 2009;108:858\u201366.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.030","volume":"161","author":"M Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang M, Cui Y, Zhu W, Yu J, Cheng Y, Wu X, et al. Attenuation of the mutual elevation of iron accumulation and oxidative stress may contribute to the neuroprotective and anti-seizure effects of xenon in neonatal hypoxia-induced seizures. Free Radical Biol Med. 2020;161:212\u201323.","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"7944_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-02071-7","volume":"10","author":"Q Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Q, Sun J, Liu X, Qin Z, Li J, Ma J, et al. Dexmedetomidine and argon in combination against ferroptosis through tackling TXNIP-mediated oxidative stress in DCD porcine livers. Cell Death Discov. 2024;10:319.","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"7944_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.02.033","volume":"98","author":"S-R Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang S-R, Hua K-F, Chu LJ, Hwu Y-K, Yang S-M, Wu C-Y, et al. Xenon blunts NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improves acute onset of accelerated and severe lupus nephritis in mice. Kidney Int. 2020;98:378\u201390.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7944_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu W, Zhu J, Zhao S, Li J, Hou D, Zhang Y, et al. Xenon exerts neuroprotective effects on kainic acid-induced acute generalized seizures in rats via increased autophagy. Front Cellular Neurosci. 2020;14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.582872"},{"key":"7944_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2493-7","volume":"23","author":"J Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu J, Nolte K, Brook G, Liebenstund L, Weinandy A, H\u00f6llig A, et al. Post-stroke treatment with argon attenuated brain injury, reduced brain inflammation and enhanced M2 microglia\/macrophage polarization: a randomized controlled animal study. Crit Care. 2019;23:198.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"7944_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.11.044","volume":"187","author":"K Newton","year":"2024","unstructured":"Newton K, Strasser A, Kayagaki N, Dixit VM. Cell death. Cell. 2024;187:235\u201356.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"7944_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2012.07.013","volume":"195","author":"S Sopka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sopka S, Mertens C, Roehl AB, Schiffl K, Rossaint R. Classen-linke I: effects of xenon and isoflurane on apoptosis and inflammation in a porcine myocardial infarction model. Ann Anat. 2013;195:166\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"7944_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26388","DOI":"10.31083\/JIN26388","volume":"24","author":"Q Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shi Q, Rammes G, Wang P, Xia C, Mou F, Zhu J, et al. Effects of xenon on the developing brain: current insights from pre-clinical and clinical studies. J. Integr. Neurosci. 2025;24:26388.","journal-title":"J. Integr. Neurosci"},{"key":"7944_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.355978","volume":"18","author":"S Scheid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Scheid S, Lejarre A, Wollborn J, Buerkle H, Goebel U, Ulbrich F. Argon preconditioning protects neuronal cells with a toll-like receptor-mediated effect. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:1371\u201377.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"7944_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00630-3","volume":"18","author":"D Bertheloot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bertheloot D, Latz E, Franklin BS. Necroptosis, pyroptosis and apoptosis: an intricate game of cell death. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021;18:1106\u201321.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"7944_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00324-8","volume":"22","author":"X Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang X, Stockwell BR, Conrad M. Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22:266\u201382.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"7944_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101781","volume":"69","author":"SO Vasudevan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vasudevan SO, Behl B, Rathinam VA. Pyroptosis-induced inflammation and tissue damage. Semin Immunol. 2023;69:101781.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"7944_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.026","volume":"147","author":"N Mizushima","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mizushima N, Komatsu M. Autophagy: renovation of cells and tissues. Cell. 2011;147:728\u201341.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"7944_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ulbrich F, Schallner N, Coburn M, Loop T, Lagr\u00e8ze WA, Biermann J, et al. Argon inhalation attenuates retinal apoptosis after ischemia\/reperfusion injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner in rats. PLoS One. 2014;9:e115984.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115984"},{"key":"7944_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antonova VV, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY, Pevzner IB, Ivanov ME, Boeva EA, et al. Positive effects of argon inhalation after traumatic brain injury in rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312673"},{"key":"7944_CR57","first-page":"276","volume":"63","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu K, Chen Z, Xu X, Xu J, et al. Helium protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice via suppressing toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor \u03baB-tumor necrosis factor-alpha\/interleukin-18 signaling. J Educ Chang Physiol Investigation. 2020;63:276\u201385.","journal-title":"J Educ Chang Physiol Investigation"},{"key":"7944_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.093807","volume":"92","author":"N Colloc\u2019h","year":"2007","unstructured":"Colloc\u2019h N, Sopkova-de Oliveira Santos J, Retailleau P, Vivares D, Bonnete F, Langlois d\u2019Estainto B, et al. Protein crystallography under xenon and nitrous oxide pressure: comparison with in vivo pharmacology studies and implications for the mechanism of inhaled anesthetic action. Biophys J. 2007;92:217\u201324.","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"7944_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iwanaga T, Okumi M, Ariyoshi Y, Takeuchi K, Kondo A, Sekijima M, et al. Therapeutic effects of argon inhalation on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in CLAWN miniature swine. J Clin Med. 2025;14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14248821"},{"key":"7944_CR60","first-page":"419","volume":"87","author":"DD Koblin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Koblin DD, Fang Z, Eger EI 2nd, Laster MJ, Gong D, Ionescu P, et al. Minimum alveolar concentrations of noble gases, nitrogen, and sulfur hexafluoride in rats: helium and neon as nonimmobilizers (nonanesthetics). Anesth Analg. 1998;87:419\u201324.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105143","volume":"103","author":"G Merigo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Merigo G, Florio G, Madotto F, Magliocca A, Silvestri I, Fumagalli F, et al. Treatment with inhaled argon: a systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies with meta-analysis on neuroprotective effect. EBioMedicine. 2024;103:105143.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"7944_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817f1317","volume":"107","author":"T Seto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seto T, Isogai H, Ozaki M, Nosaka S. Noble gas binding to human serum albumin using docking simulation: nonimmobilizers and anesthetics bind to different sites. Anesth Analg. 2008;107:1223\u201328.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1126\/science.113.2942.580","volume":"113","author":"SC Cullen","year":"1951","unstructured":"Cullen SC, Gross EG. The anesthetic properties of xenon in animals and human beings, with additional observations on krypton. Science. 1951;113:580\u201382.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"7944_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1039\/C4SM02667E","volume":"11","author":"Y Moskovitz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moskovitz Y, Yang H. Modelling of noble anaesthetic gases and high hydrostatic pressure effects in lipid bilayers. Soft Matter. 2015;11:2125\u201338.","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"7944_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/24525","volume":"396","author":"NP Franks","year":"1998","unstructured":"Franks NP, Dickinson R, de Sousa SL, Hall AC, Lieb WR. How does xenon produce anaesthesia? Nature. 1998;396:324.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"7944_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D A, Kj F, G M, B C, B A, Hu W. Xenon reduces glutamate-, AMPA-, and kainate-induced membrane currents in cortical neurones. Br J Anaesth. 2005;94.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei080"},{"key":"7944_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200104000-00014","volume":"94","author":"Y Nakata","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nakata Y, Goto T, Ishiguro Y, Terui K, Kawakami H, Santo M, et al. Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of xenon with sevoflurane in humans. Anesthesiology. 2001;94:611\u201314.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei023","volume":"94","author":"M Coburn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Coburn M, Kunitz O, Baumert JH, Hecker K, Haaf S, Z\u00fchlsdorff A, et al. Randomized controlled trial of the haemodynamic and recovery effects of xenon or propofol anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2005;94:198\u2013202.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2001.02139.x","volume":"56","author":"J Dingley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dingley J, King R, Hughes L, Terblanche C, Mahon S, Hepp M, et al. Exploration of xenon as a potential cardiostable sedative: a comparison with propofol after cardiac surgery. Anaesthesia. 2001;56:829\u201335.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"7944_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Da V, H K, I T, Jp R, S A, O B, et al. Effects of xenon anaesthesia on intestinal oxygenation in acutely instrumented pigs. Br J Anaesth. 2004;93.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeh271"},{"key":"7944_CR71","unstructured":"R R, M R-H, J SAE, S J, S P, V B, et al. Multicenter randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of xenon and isoflurane in patients undergoing elective surgery. Anesthesiology. 2003;98."},{"key":"7944_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B A, Jm M, D J, Ma S, Jp F. Use of xenon as a sedative for patients receiving critical care. Crit Care Med. 2003;31.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000089934.66049.76"},{"key":"7944_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lo Ea-G, Law LS-C, Gan TJ. Paradox of the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after xenon-based anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2016;116:881\u201383.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aew131"},{"key":"7944_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ms S, Cc A, Hj S, S R, B B, Ph T, et al. Predictors for postoperative nausea and vomiting after xenon-based anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115.","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev115"},{"key":"7944_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2253-10-5","volume":"10","author":"R Stuttmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stuttmann R, Jakubetz J, Schultz K, Sch\u00e4fer C, Langer S, Ullmann U, et al. Recovery index, attentiveness and state of memory after xenon or isoflurane anaesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2010;10:5.","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000267596.57497.92","volume":"106","author":"RM Laitio","year":"2007","unstructured":"Laitio RM, Kaisti KK, L\u00e5angsj\u00f6 JW, Aalto S, Salmi E, Maksimow A, et al. Effects of xenon anesthesia on cerebral blood flow in humans: a positron emission tomography study. Anesthesiology. 2007;106:1128\u201333.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen036","volume":"100","author":"S Rex","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rex S, Meyer PT, Baumert J-H, Rossaint R, Fries M, B\u00fcll U, et al. Positron emission tomography study of regional cerebral blood flow and flow-metabolism coupling during general anaesthesia with xenon in humans. Br J Anaesth. 2008;100:667\u201375.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200611000-00014","volume":"105","author":"S Rex","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rex S, Schaefer W, Meyer PH, Rossaint R, Boy C, Setani K, et al. Positron emission tomography study of regional cerebral metabolism during general anesthesia with xenon in humans. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:936\u201343.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.08.027","volume":"126","author":"F Moro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moro F, Fossi F, Magliocca A, Pascente R, Sammali E, Baldini F, et al. Efficacy of acute administration of inhaled argon on traumatic brain injury in mice. Br J Anaesth. 2021;126:256\u201364.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9051","volume":"14","author":"R Dickinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dickinson R, Franks NP. Bench-to-bedside review: molecular pharmacology and clinical use of inert gases in anesthesia and neuroprotection. Crit Care. 2010;14:229.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"7944_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000050282.14291.38","volume":"96","author":"JH Abraini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Abraini JH, Kriem B, Balon N, Rostain JC, Risso JJ. Gamma-aminobutyric acid neuropharmacological investigations on narcosis produced by nitrogen, argon, or nitrous oxide. Anesth Analg. 2003;96:746\u201349.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-019-02112-x","volume":"127","author":"D Le Nogue","year":"2020","unstructured":"Le Nogue D, Lavaur J, Milet A, Ramirez-Gil JF, Katz I, Lemaire M, et al. Neuroprotection of dopamine neurons by xenon against low-level excitotoxic insults is not reproduced by other noble gases. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2020;127:27\u201334.","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna, Austria: 1996)"},{"key":"7944_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-01769-5","volume":"57","author":"F Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu F, Liu S, Patterson TA, Fogle C, Hanig JP, Wang C, et al. Protective effects of xenon on propofol-induced neurotoxicity in human neural stem cell-derived models. Mol Neurobiol. 2020;57:200\u201307.","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"7944_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1006\/cbir.2000.0646","volume":"25","author":"CP Petzelt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Petzelt CP, Kodirov S, Taschenberger G, Kox WJ. Participation of the Ca(2+)-calmodulin-activated kinase II in the control of metaphase-anaphase transition in human cells. Cell Biol Int. 2001;25:403\u201309.","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"7944_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20547","volume":"58","author":"D Ma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ma D, Hossain M, Chow A, Arshad M, Battson RM, Sanders RD, et al. Xenon and hypothermia combine to provide neuroprotection from neonatal asphyxia. Ann Neurol. 2005;58:182\u201393.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"7944_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31819dadc7","volume":"110","author":"C Bantel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bantel C, Maze M, Trapp S. Neuronal preconditioning by inhalational anesthetics: evidence for the role of plasmalemmal adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels. Anesthesiology. 2009;110:986\u201395.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.499822","volume":"39","author":"C Hobbs","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hobbs C, Thoresen M, Tucker A, Aquilina K, Chakkarapani E, Dingley J. Xenon and hypothermia combine additively, offering long-term functional and histopathologic neuroprotection after neonatal hypoxia\/ischemia. Stroke. 2008;39:1307\u201313.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"7944_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael340","volume":"98","author":"JL Martin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin JL, Ma D, Hossain M, Xu J, Sanders RD, Franks NP, et al. Asynchronous administration of xenon and hypothermia significantly reduces brain infarction in the neonatal rat. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98:236\u201340.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002920","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1002920","volume":"13","author":"Z Liao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao Z, Ou X, Zhou C, Ma D, Zhao H, Huang H. Xenon attenuated neonatal lipopolysaccharide exposure induced neuronal necroptosis and subsequently improved cognition in juvenile rats. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1002920.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"7944_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31823c8ce7","volume":"40","author":"M Fries","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fries M, Br\u00fccken A, \u00c7izen A, Westerkamp M, L\u00f6wer C, Deike-Glindemann J, et al. Combining xenon and mild therapeutic hypothermia preserves neurological function after prolonged cardiac arrest in pigs*. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:1297\u2013303.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181802874","volume":"36","author":"M Fries","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fries M, Nolte KW, Coburn M, Rex S, Timper A, Kottmann K, et al. Xenon reduces neurohistopathological damage and improves the early neurological deficit after cardiac arrest in pigs*. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:2420\u201326.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C D, V S, M D, K O, A A, S P, et al. Xenon induces transcription of ADNP in neonatal rat brain. Neurosci Lett. 2008;440.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.05.086"},{"key":"7944_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azzopardi D, Robertson NJ, Kapetanakis A, Griffiths J, Rennie JM, Mathieson SR, et al. Anticonvulsant effect of xenon on neonatal asphyxial seizures. Archives Disease Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2013;98:F437\u201339.","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-303786"},{"key":"7944_CR94","unstructured":"C M, Sanders R, Maze M, Nguy\u00ean-Pascal M, Rex S, Garrigues B, et al. The hip fracture surgery in elderly patients (HIPELD) study to evaluate xenon anaesthesia for the prevention of postoperative delirium: a multicentre, randomized clinical trial\u2019. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120."},{"key":"7944_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0B013E3181611F8A6","volume":"36","author":"M Coburn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coburn M, Maze M, Franks NP. The neuroprotective effects of xenon and helium in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury*. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:588\u201395.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campos-Pires R, Onggradito H, Ujvari E, Karimi S, Valeo F, Aldhoun J, et al. Xenon treatment after severe traumatic brain injury improves locomotor outcome, reduces acute neuronal loss and enhances early beneficial neuroinflammation: a randomized, blinded, controlled animal study. Crit Care. 2020;24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03373-9"},{"key":"7944_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-02161-6","volume":"17","author":"AP Dobrovolsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dobrovolsky AP, Gedzun VR, Bogin VI, Ma D, Ichim TE, Sukhanova IA, et al. Beneficial effects of xenon inhalation on behavioral changes in a valproic acid-induced model of autism in rats. J Retailing Transl Med. 2019;17:400.","journal-title":"J Retailing Transl Med"},{"key":"7944_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27404","volume":"33","author":"J Baufreton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baufreton J, Milekovic T, Li Q, McGuire S, Moraud EM, Porras G, et al. Inhaling xenon ameliorates l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in experimental parkinsonism. Mov Disord. 2018;33:1632\u201342.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"7944_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5360","volume":"35","author":"R Campos-Pires","year":"2018","unstructured":"Campos-Pires R, Koziakova M, Yonis A, Pau A, Macdonald W, Harris K, et al. Xenon protects against blast-induced traumatic brain injury in an in vitro model. J. Neurotrauma. 2018;35:1037\u201344.","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"7944_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L J, Ln D, L M, P J, F G, Ec H, et al. The noble gas xenon provides protection and trophic stimulation to midbrain dopamine neurons. J Neurochem. 2017;142.","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14041"},{"key":"7944_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandao W, Jain N, Yin Z, Kleemann KL, Carpenter M, Bao X, et al. Inhaled xenon modulates microglia and ameliorates disease in mouse models of amyloidosis and tauopathy. Sci Transl Med. 2025;17:eadk 3690.","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adk3690"},{"key":"7944_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eg M, Te G, M J, Mj K. Xenon impairs reconsolidation of fear memories in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PLoS One. 2014;9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106189"},{"key":"7944_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200703000-00010","volume":"106","author":"F Wappler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wappler F, Rossaint R, Baumert J, Scholz J, Tonner Peter H, Van Aken H, et al. Multicenter randomized comparison of xenon and isoflurane on left ventricular function in patients undergoing elective surgery. Anesthesiology. 2007;106:463\u201371.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt450","volume":"18","author":"A Goetzenich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goetzenich A, Hatam N, Preuss S, Moza A, Bleilevens C, Roehl AB, et al. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in late-phase preconditioning with xenon, isoflurane and levosimendan in rat cardiomyocytes. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2014;18:321\u201328.","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"7944_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2012.10.016","volume":"22","author":"Q Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li Q, Lian C, Zhou R, Li T, Xiang X, Liu B. Pretreatment with xenon protected immature rabbit heart from ischaemia\/reperfusion injury by opening of the mitoKATP channel. Heart Lung Circ. 2013;22:276\u201383.","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"7944_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200603000-00012","volume":"104","author":"G Lockwood Geoffrey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lockwood Geoffrey G, Franks Nicholas P, Downie Neil A, Taylor Kenneth M, Maze M. Feasibility and safety of delivering xenon to patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass: phase I study. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:458\u201365.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1082-7","volume":"19","author":"T Breuer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Breuer T, Emontzpohl C, Coburn M, Benstoem C, Rossaint R, Marx G, et al. Xenon triggers pro-inflammatory effects and suppresses the anti-inflammatory response compared to sevoflurane in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Crit Care. 2015;19:365.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"7944_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.09.1088","volume":"70","author":"O Arola","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arola O, Saraste A, Laitio R, Airaksinen J, Hynninen M, B\u00e4cklund M, et al. Inhaled xenon attenuates myocardial damage in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70:2652\u201360.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"7944_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31828a4337","volume":"41","author":"OJ Arola","year":"2013","unstructured":"Arola OJ, Laitio RM, Roine RO, Gr\u00f6nlund J, Saraste A, Pietil\u00e4 M, et al. Feasibility and cardiac safety of inhaled xenon in combination with therapeutic hypothermia following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest*. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:2116\u201324.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"7944_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000664","volume":"122","author":"H Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao H, Huang H, Ologunde R, Lloyd DG, Watts H, Vizcaychipi MP, et al. Xenon treatment protects against remote lung injury after kidney transplantation in rats. Anesthesiology. 2015;122:1312\u201326.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.02.064","volume":"120","author":"MS Schaefer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schaefer MS, Treschan TA, Gauch J, Neukirchen M, Kienbaum P. Influence of xenon on pulmonary mechanics and lung aeration in patients with healthy lungs. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120:1394\u2013400.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-023-05755-9","volume":"174","author":"EP Fedorova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fedorova EP, Filonova MV, Churin AA, Naumov SA, Nikiforov PE, Sandrikina LA, et al. Xenon-induced effects in relieving experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2023;174:605\u201309.","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"7944_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.10.007","volume":"201","author":"A Martens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martens A, Montoli M, Faggi G, Katz I, Pype J, Vanaudenaerde BM, et al. Argon and xenon ventilation during prolonged ex vivo lung perfusion. J Surg Res. 2016;201:44\u201352.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"7944_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qing K, Altes TA, Mugler JP 3rd, Mata JF, Tustison NJ, Ruppert K, et al. Hyperpolarized xenon-129: a new tool to assess pulmonary physiology in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Biomedicines. 2023;11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11061533"},{"key":"7944_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2010.009366","volume":"235","author":"M Rizvi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rizvi M, Jawad N, Li Y, Vizcaychipi MP, Maze M, Ma D. Effect of noble gases on oxygen and glucose deprived injury in human tubular kidney cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2010;235:886\u201391.","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"7944_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevanovic A, Schaefer P, Coburn M, Rossaint R, Stoppe C, Boor P, et al. Renal function following xenon anesthesia for partial nephrectomy-an explorative analysis of a randomized controlled study. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0181022.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181022"},{"key":"7944_CR117","first-page":"511","volume":"74","author":"T Iber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Iber T, Hecker K, Vagts DA, Roesner JP, Otto B, Steinicke A, et al. Xenon anesthesia impairs hepatic oxygenation and perfusion in healthy pigs. Minerva Anestesiol. 2008;74:511\u201319.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001128","volume":"125","author":"H Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao H, Mitchell S, Koumpa S, Cui YT, Lian Q, Hagberg H, et al. Heme Oxygenase-1 mediates neuroprotection conferred by argon in combination with hypothermia in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia brain injury. Anesthesiology. 2016;125:180\u201392.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David HN, Dhilly M, Degoulet M, Poisnel G, Meckler C, Vall\u00e9e N, et al. Argon blocks the expression of locomotor sensitization to amphetamine through antagonism at the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 and mu-opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens. Transl Psychiatry. 2015;5:e594.","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.27"},{"key":"7944_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fumagalli F, Olivari D, Boccardo A, De Giorgio D, Affatato R, Ceriani S, et al. Ventilation with argon improves survival with good neurological recovery after prolonged untreated cardiac arrest in pigs. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e016494.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016494"},{"key":"7944_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.02.014","volume":"85","author":"A Br\u00fccken","year":"2014","unstructured":"Br\u00fccken A, Kurnaz P, Bleilevens C, Derwall M, Weis J, Nolte K, et al. Dose dependent neuroprotection of the noble gas argon after cardiac arrest in rats is not mediated by KATP-channel opening. Resuscitation. 2014;85:826\u201332.","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"7944_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi H, Soto-Gonzalez L, Krychtiuk KA, Ruhittel S, Kaun C, Speidl WS, et al. Pretreatment with argon protects Human cardiac myocyte-like progenitor cells from oxygen glucose deprivation-induced cell death by activation of AKT and differential regulation of mapkinases. Shock. 2018;49.","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000998"},{"key":"7944_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezy104","volume":"54","author":"A Kiss","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kiss A, Shu H, Hamza O, Santer D, Tretter EV, Yao S, et al. Argon preconditioning enhances postischaemic cardiac functional recovery following cardioplegic arrest and global cold ischaemia\u2020. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg. 2018;54:539\u201346.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg"},{"key":"7944_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ps P, Jg K, Yh S, S V K Jr, W D, Dc W, et al. Noble gases without anesthetic properties protect myocardium against infarction by activating prosurvival signaling kinases and inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition in vivo. Anesth Analg. 2007;105.","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000278083.31991.36"},{"key":"7944_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248417702891","volume":"22","author":"S Lemoine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lemoine S, Blanchart K, Souplis M, Lemaitre A, Legallois D, Coulbault L, et al. Argon exposure induces postconditioning in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2017;22:564\u201373.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"7944_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-023-05596-7","volume":"40","author":"F Balsamo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Balsamo F, Li B, Chusilp S, Lee D, Biouss G, Lee C, et al. Argon inhalation attenuates systemic inflammation and rescues lung architecture during experimental neonatal sepsis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2023;40:21.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"7944_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5857979","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5857979","volume":"2022","author":"A Martusevich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martusevich A, Surovegina A, Popovicheva A, Didenko N, Artamonov M, Nazarov V. Some beneficial effects of inert gases on blood oxidative metabolism: in vivo study. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022:5857979.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"7944_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5457","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155457","volume":"21","author":"SM Schmitz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schmitz SM, Dohmeier H, Stoppe C, Alizai PH, Schipper S, Neumann UP, et al. inhaled argon impedes hepatic regeneration after ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:5457.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"7944_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1159\/000466690","volume":"58","author":"TF Ulmer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ulmer TF, Fragoulis A, Dohmeier H, Kroh A, Andert A, Stoppe C, et al. Argon delays initiation of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. Eur Surg Res. 2017;58:204\u201315.","journal-title":"Eur Surg Res"},{"key":"7944_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-0795-y","volume":"14","author":"A Faure","year":"2016","unstructured":"Faure A, Bruzzese L, Steinberg JG, Jammes Y, Torrents J, Berdah SV, et al. Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation. J Transl Med. 2016;14:40.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"7944_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200206000-00031","volume":"96","author":"S Wilhelm","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilhelm S, Ma D, Maze M, Franks Nicholas P. Effects of xenon on in vitro and in vivo models of neuronal injury. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:1485\u201391.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(02)02439-6","volume":"72","author":"C Petzelt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Petzelt C, Blom P, Schmehl W, M\u00fcller J, Kox WJ. Prevention of neurotoxicity in hypoxic cortical neurons by the noble gas xenon. Life Sci. 2003;72:1909\u201318.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"7944_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.11.037","volume":"124","author":"L Al Tmimi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al Tmimi L, Verbrugghe P, Van De Velde M, Meuris B, Meyfroidt G, Milisen K, et al. Intraoperative xenon for prevention of delirium after on-pump cardiac surgery: a randomised, observer-blind, controlled clinical trial. Br J Anaesth. 2020;124:454\u201362.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"7944_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.1933","volume":"315","author":"R Laitio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laitio R, Hynninen M, Arola O, Virtanen S, Parkkola R, Saunavaara J, et al. Effect of inhaled xenon on cerebral white matter damage in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:1120.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"7944_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia Y, Fang H, Xu J, Jia C, Tao G, Yu B. Clinical efficacy of xenon versus propofol: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e10758.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000010758"},{"key":"7944_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182a2a265","volume":"119","author":"K Harris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harris K, Armstrong SP, Campos-Pires R, Kiru L, Franks NP, Dickinson R. Neuroprotection against traumatic brain injury by xenon, but not argon, is mediated by inhibition at the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor glycine site. Anesthesiology. 2013;119:1137\u201348.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"7944_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18914-6","volume":"8","author":"Y-F Miao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miao Y-F, Peng T, Moody MR, Klegerman ME, Aronowski J, Grotta J, et al. Delivery of xenon-containing echogenic liposomes inhibits early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Sci Rep. 2018;8:450.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7944_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14035","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50515-3","volume":"9","author":"X Yin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yin X, Moody MR, Hebert V, Klegerman ME, Geng Y-J, Dugas TR, et al. Oral delivery of xenon for cardiovascular protection. Sci Rep. 2019;9:14035.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7944_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e328335fc4c","volume":"27","author":"C Schwiebert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schwiebert C, Huhn R, Heinen A, Weber NC, Hollmann MW, Schlack W, et al. Postconditioning by xenon and hypothermia in the rat heart in vivo. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010;27:734\u201339.","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"7944_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706324","volume":"146","author":"NC Weber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weber NC, Toma O, Wolter JI, Wirthle NM, Schlack W, Preckel B. Mechanisms of xenon- and isoflurane-induced preconditioning - a potential link to the cytoskeleton via the MAPKAPK-2\/HSP27 pathway. Br J Pharmacol. 2005;146:445\u201355.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"7944_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2002.460614.x","volume":"46","author":"H Reinelt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Reinelt H, Marx T, Kotzerke J, Topalidis P, Luederwald S, Armbruster S, et al. Hepatic function during xenon anesthesia in pigs. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002;46:713\u201316.","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"7944_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loetscher PD, Rossaint J, Rossaint R, Weis J, Fries M, Fahlenkamp A, et al. Argon: neuroprotection in in vitro models of cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Crit Care (Lond, Engl). 2009;13:R206.","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8214"},{"key":"7944_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J N, R M, G J, A O, T G, M M, et al. Neuroprotection (and lack of neuroprotection) afforded by a series of noble gases in an in vitro model of neuronal injury. Neurosci Lett. 2009;460.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.05.069"},{"key":"7944_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue K, Qi M, She T, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, et al. Argon mitigates post-stroke neuroinflammation by regulating M1\/M2 polarization and inhibiting NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. J Mol Cell Biol. 2023;14:mjac077.","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjac077"},{"key":"7944_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.208512","volume":"7","author":"L Gr\u00fc\u00dfer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gr\u00fc\u00dfer L, Blaumeiser-Debarry R, Krings M, Kremer B, H\u00f6llig A, Rossaint R, et al. Argon attenuates the emergence of secondary injury after traumatic brain injury within a 2-hour incubation period compared to desflurane: an: in vitro: study. Med Gas Res. 2017;7:93\u2013100.","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"7944_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ym R, Av F, R R, W D, Pd L, B C, et al. Neuroprotective effects of argon in an in vivo model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Crit Care Med. 2011;39.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31821209be"},{"key":"7944_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Av F, R R, H H, Ak H, Ym R, B C, et al. The noble gas argon modifies extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2 signaling in neurons and glial cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012;674.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.10.045"},{"key":"7944_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-01104-0","volume":"34","author":"J Creed","year":"2021","unstructured":"Creed J, Cantillana-Riquelme V, Yan BH, Ma S, Chu D, Wang H, et al. Argon inhalation for 24 h after closed-head injury does not improve recovery, neuroinflammation, or neurologic outcome in mice. Neurocrit Care. 2021;34:833\u201343.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"7944_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0565-8","volume":"16","author":"P Zuercher","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zuercher P, Springe D, Grandgirard D, Leib SL, Grossholz M, Jakob S, et al. A randomized trial of the effects of the noble gases helium and argon on neuroprotection in a rodent cardiac arrest model. BMC Neurol. 2016;16:43.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"7944_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.202907","volume":"7","author":"A Martens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martens A, Ordies S, Vanaudenaerde BM, Verleden SE, Vos R, Verleden GM, et al. A porcine ex vivo lung perfusion model with maximal argon exposure to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Med Gas Res. 2017;7:28\u201336.","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"7944_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12994","volume":"172","author":"KF Smit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smit KF, Weber NC, Hollmann MW, Preckel B. Noble gases as cardioprotectants - translatability and mechanism. Br J Pharmacol. 2015;172:2062\u201373.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"7944_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07432-8","volume":"24","author":"M Laaksonen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Laaksonen M, Rinne J, Rahi M, Posti JP, Laitio R, Kivelev J, et al. Effect of xenon on brain injury, neurological outcome, and survival in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2023;24:417.","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"7944_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cucino A, Ruggeri L, Olivari D, De Giorgio D, Latini R, Ristagno G. Safety of ventilation with an argon and oxygen gas mixture. Br J Anaesth. 2019;122:e31\u201332.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.11.010"},{"key":"7944_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181be0e17","volume":"110","author":"S Rawat","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rawat S, Dingley J. Closed-circuit xenon delivery using a standard anesthesia workstation. Anesth Analg. 2010;110:101\u201309.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"7944_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Motta F, De Giorgio D, Cerrato M, Salmaso A, Magliocca A, Merigo G, et al. Postresuscitation ventilation with a mixture of argon and hydrogen reduces brain injury after cardiac arrest in a pig model. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13:e033367.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.033367"},{"key":"7944_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1159\/000335197","volume":"1","author":"Y Irani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Irani Y, Pype JL, Martin AR, Chong CF, Daniel L, Gaudart J, et al. Noble gas (argon and xenon)-saturated cold storage solutions reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model of renal transplantation. Nephron Extra. 2011;1:272\u201382.","journal-title":"Nephron Extra"},{"key":"7944_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.05.041","volume":"218","author":"SF Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith SF, Adams T, Hosgood SA, Nicholson ML. The administration of argon during ex vivo normothermic perfusion in an experimental model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Surg Res. 2017;218:202\u201308.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"7944_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00004311-200104000-00006","volume":"39","author":"P Hanne","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hanne P, Marx T, Musati S, Santo M, Suwa K, Morita S. Xenon: uptake and costs. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2001;39:43\u201361.","journal-title":"Int Anesthesiol Clin"},{"key":"7944_CR159","first-page":"81685","volume":"81","author":"Food","year":"2016","unstructured":"Food. Drug administration HHS: medical gas containers and closures; current good manufacturing practice requirements. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2016;81:81685\u201397.","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"7944_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-018-0223-3","volume":"33","author":"J McAvoy","year":"2019","unstructured":"McAvoy J, Jaffe R, Burbridge M, Schertz T, Brock-Utne J. The use of end-tidal argon to detect venous air embolism: foiled by \u201cfake oxygen!\u201d. J Clin Monit Comput. 2019;33:925\u201326.","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"7944_CR161","first-page":"387","volume":"78","author":"BD Jordan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jordan BD, Wright EL. Xenon as an anesthetic agent. Aana J. 2010;78:387\u201392.","journal-title":"Aana J"},{"key":"7944_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05253.x","volume":"63","author":"PD Harris","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harris PD, Barnes R. The uses of helium and xenon in current clinical practice. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:284\u201393.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"7944_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dingley J, Okano S, Lee-Kelland R, Scull-Brown E, Thoresen M, Chakkarapani E. Closed circuit xenon delivery for 72h in neonatal piglets following hypoxic insult using an ambient pressure automated control system: development, technical evaluation and pulmonary effects. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0224447.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224447"},{"key":"7944_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c11900","volume":"144","author":"N Wiebelhaus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wiebelhaus N, Singh N, Zhang P, Craig SL, Beratan DN, Fitzgerald MC. Discovery of the xenon-protein interactome using large-scale measurements of protein folding and stability. J Am Chem Soc. 2022;144:3925\u201338.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:01:52Z","timestamp":1776258112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"references-count":164,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-026-07944-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-5876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-5876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"513"}}