{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T11:11:33Z","timestamp":1793445093523,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":186,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82173811"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173811"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82473917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82473917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Transl Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1 and 2 (SHMT1\/2), as key enzymes in folate metabolism, regulate diverse physiological processes through one-carbon metabolism, including nucleotide biosynthesis, methylation reactions, and redox homeostasis. As a form of metabolic reprogramming, dysregulated SHMT-mediated one-carbon metabolism has been increasingly reported in various human cancers and liver metabolic diseases. Therefore, a concise review of its regulatory roles and disease-associated functions is necessary to clarify its biological and translational significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main body<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review summarizes the molecular functions of SHMT1\/2, with particular emphasis on their central roles in the folate-methionine cycle and serine-glycine metabolic pathway. Beyond their canonical enzymatic activities, SHMT1\/2 also exhibit critical non-enzymatic functions. Their activity is tightly regulated by transcription factors and post-translational modifications. SHMT1\/2 play significant roles in multiple pathological conditions and are implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancers, such as ovarian, lung, liver, gastric, colorectal, and renal carcinomas. Moreover, SHMT-mediated one-carbon metabolism critically influences liver diseases (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis), inflammatory disorders (e.g., skin inflammation, osteoarthritis), and neurological diseases (e.g., schizophrenia, hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, stroke). Finally, this review discusses the clinical translational potential of SHMT inhibitors in cancer-targeted therapies, offering a theoretical basis for expanding the therapeutic applications of SHMT1\/2 in diseases associated with dysregulated one-carbon metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SHMT1\/2 regulate diseases associated with dysregulated one-carbon metabolism through both their enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions. Particularly in cancer, they function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in a context-dependent manner, holding significant potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T03:24:30Z","timestamp":1776741870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) in biology and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targeting"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jia-Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5479-0795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"8044_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm8786","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm8786","volume":"8","author":"L He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He L, Endress J, Cho S, Li Z, Zheng Y, Asara JM, Blenis J. Suppression of nuclear GSK3 signaling promotes serine\/one-carbon metabolism and confers metabolic vulnerability in lung cancer cells. Sci Adv. 2022;8(20):eabm8786.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.81","volume":"16","author":"M Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang M, Vousden KH. Serine and one-carbon metabolism in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2016;16(10):650\u201362.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-024-00739-8","volume":"5","author":"Y Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee Y, Vousden KH, Hennequart M. Cycling back to folate metabolism in cancer. Nat Cancer. 2024;5(5):701\u201315.","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.08.009","volume":"25","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Rabinowitz JD. One-Carbon Metabolism in Health and Disease. Cell Metabol. 2017;25(1):27\u201342.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29465","volume":"67","author":"M Gaggini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gaggini M, Carli F, Rosso C, Buzzigoli E, Marietti M, Della Latta V, Ciociaro D, Abate ML, Gambino R, Cassader M, et al. Altered amino acid concentrations in NAFLD: Impact of obesity and insulin resistance. Hepatology (Baltimore MD). 2018;67(1):145\u201358.","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore MD)"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2251","volume":"39","author":"M Guasch-Ferre","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guasch-Ferre M, Hruby A, Toledo E, Clish CB, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Salas-Salvado J, Hu FB. Metabolomics in Prediabetes and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(5):833\u201346.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07646.x","volume":"120","author":"SJ Hebbring","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hebbring SJ, Chai YB, Ji Y, Abo RP, Jenkins GD, Fridley B, Zhang JP, Eckloff BW, Wieben ED, Weinshilboum RM. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 and 2: gene sequence variation and functional genomic charctaerization. J Neurochem. 2012;120(6):881\u201390.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"7424","key":"8044_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11540","volume":"491","author":"B Chaneton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chaneton B, Hillmann P, Zheng L, Martin ACL, Maddocks ODK, Chokkathukalam A, Coyle JE, Jankevics A, Holding FP, Vousden KH, et al. Serine is a natural ligand and allosteric activator of pyruvate kinase M2. Nature. 2012;491(7424):458\u201362.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2560097","volume":"256","author":"DA Fell","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fell DA, Snell K. Control analysis of mammalian serine biosynthesis. Feedback inhibition on the final step. Biochem J. 1988;256(1):97\u2013101.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.12.013","volume":"36","author":"A Ghrayeb","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghrayeb A, Finney AC, Agranovich B, Peled D, Anand SK, McKinney MP, Sarji M, Yang D, Weissman N, Drucker S, et al. Serine synthesis via reversed SHMT2 activity drives glycine depletion and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in MASLD. Cell Metabol. 2024;36(1):116\u2013e129117.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.118","volume":"116","author":"AC Newman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Newman AC, Maddocks ODK. One-carbon metabolism in cancer. Br J Cancer. 2017;116(12):1499\u2013504.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"8044_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-01066-z","volume":"6","author":"HM Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee HM, Muhammad N, Lieu EL, Cai F, Mu J, Ha YS, Cao G, Suchors C, Joves K, Chronis C, et al. Concurrent loss of LKB1 and KEAP1 enhances SHMT-mediated antioxidant defence in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Nat Metab. 2024;6(7):1310\u201328.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"7547","key":"8044_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14363","volume":"520","author":"D Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim D, Fiske BP, Birsoy K, Freinkman E, Kami K, Possemato RL, Chudnovsky Y, Pacold ME, Chen WW, Cantor JR, et al. SHMT2 drives glioma cell survival in ischaemia but imposes a dependence on glycine clearance. Nature. 2015;520(7547):363\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1067-5","volume":"38","author":"C Dou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dou C, Xu Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Yao W, Jiang K, Cheng J, Zhang C, Tu K. SHMT1 inhibits the metastasis of HCC by repressing NOX1-mediated ROS production. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38(1):70.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.08.234","volume":"7","author":"DS Wald","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wald DS, Kasturiratne A, Simmonds M. Serum homocysteine and dementia: meta-analysis of eight cohort studies including 8669 participants. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(4):412\u20137.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170796","volume":"62","author":"B Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan B, Venketasubramanian N, Vrooman H, Cheng CY, Wong TY, Ikram MK, Chen C, Hilal S. Homocysteine and Cerebral Atrophy: The Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore Study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;62(2):877\u201385.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015324","volume":"48","author":"M Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao M, Wang X, He M, Qin X, Tang G, Huo Y, Li J, Fu J, Huang X, Cheng X, et al. Homocysteine and Stroke Risk: Modifying Effect of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Folic Acid Intervention. Stroke. 2017;48(5):1183\u201390.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"13","key":"8044_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.2274","volume":"313","author":"Y Huo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huo Y, Li J, Qin X, Huang Y, Wang X, Gottesman RF, Tang G, Wang B, Chen D, He M, et al. Efficacy of folic acid therapy in primary prevention of stroke among adults with hypertension in China: the CSPPT randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015;313(13):1325\u201335.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"16","key":"8044_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50286-1","volume":"268","author":"TA Garrow","year":"1993","unstructured":"Garrow TA, Brenner AA, Whitehead VM, Chen XN, Duncan RG, Korenberg JR, Shane B. Cloning of human cDNAs encoding mitochondrial and cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferases and chromosomal localization. J Biol Chem. 1993;268(16):11910\u20136.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"37","key":"8044_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15163","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1103623108","volume":"108","author":"DD Anderson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderson DD, Quintero CM, Stover PJ. Identification of a de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway in mammalian mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108(37):15163\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"19","key":"8044_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5888","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.60170","volume":"12","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeng Y, Zhang J, Xu M, Chen F, Zi R, Yue J, Zhang Y, Chen N, Chin YE. Roles of Mitochondrial Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) in Human Carcinogenesis. J Cancer. 2021;12(19):5888\u201394.","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(98)00085-7","volume":"210","author":"S Girgis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Girgis S, Nasrallah IM, Suh JR, Oppenheim E, Zanetti KA, Mastri MG, Stover PJ. Molecular cloning, characterization and alternative splicing of the human cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyltransferase gene. Gene. 1998;210(2):315\u201324.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Research0006","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2001-2-2-research0006","volume":"2","author":"EJ Devor","year":"2001","unstructured":"Devor EJ. Use of molecular beacons to verify that the serine hydroxymethyltransferase pseudogene SHMT-ps1 is unique to the order Primates. Genome Biol. 2001;2(2):Research0006.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"8044_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(98)00112-9","volume":"6","author":"SB Renwick","year":"1998","unstructured":"Renwick SB, Snell K, Baumann U. The crystal structure of human cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase: a target for cancer chemotherapy. Struct (London England: 1993). 1998;6(9):1105\u201316.","journal-title":"Struct (London England: 1993)"},{"issue":"21","key":"8044_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8007","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00421a006","volume":"27","author":"K Shostak","year":"1988","unstructured":"Shostak K, Schirch V. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase: mechanism of the racemization and transamination of D- and L-alanine. Biochemistry. 1988;27(21):8007\u201314.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"24","key":"8044_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5350","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00643a028","volume":"16","author":"RJ Ulevitch","year":"1977","unstructured":"Ulevitch RJ, Kallen RG. Studies of the reactions of lamb liver serine hydroxymethylase with L-phenylalanine: kinetic isotope effects upon quinonoid intermediate formation. Biochemistry. 1977;16(24):5350\u20134.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2010.10.010","volume":"1814","author":"R Florio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Florio R, di Salvo ML, Vivoli M, Contestabile R. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase: a model enzyme for mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1814(11):1489\u201396.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"8044_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giardina G, Brunotti P, Fiascarelli A, Cicalini A, Costa MGS, Buckle AM, Salvo MLd, Giorgi A, Marani M, Paone A, et al. How pyridoxal 5\u2032-phosphate differentially regulates human cytosolic and mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase oligomeric state. 2015;282.","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13211"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"8044_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444998004272","volume":"54","author":"SB Renwick","year":"1998","unstructured":"Renwick SB, Skelly JV, Chave KJ, Sanders PG, Snell K, Baumann U. Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of human recombinant cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Acta Crystallogr Sect D Biol Crystallogr. 1998;54(Pt 5):1030\u20131.","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr Sect D Biol Crystallogr"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10142","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M211569200","volume":"278","author":"KA Zanetti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zanetti KA, Stover PJ. Pyridoxal phosphate inhibits dynamic subunit interchange among serine hydroxymethyltransferase tetramers. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(12):10142\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"14","key":"8044_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.06.016","volume":"84","author":"S Spizzichino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Spizzichino S, Di Fonzo F, Marabelli C, Tramonti A, Chaves-Sanjuan A, Parroni A, Boumis G, Liberati FR, Paone A, Montemiglio LC, et al. Structure-based mechanism of riboregulation of the metabolic enzyme SHMT1. Mol Cell. 2024;84(14):2682\u2013e26972686.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"8044_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.302174","volume":"287","author":"DD Anderson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anderson DD, Eom JY, Stover PJ. Competition between sumoylation and ubiquitination of serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 determines its nuclear localization and its accumulation in the nucleus. J Biol Chem. 2012;287(7):4790\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"8044_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.12.006","volume":"26","author":"C Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang C, Zhang J, Liao M, Yang Y, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Ouyang L. Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism: a targeting strategy in cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today. 2021;26(3):817\u201325.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"8044_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.012809.104810","volume":"30","author":"AS Tibbetts","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tibbetts AS, Appling DR. Compartmentalization of Mammalian folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010;30:57\u201381.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"8044_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3557","volume":"13","author":"JW Locasale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Locasale JW. Serine, glycine and one-carbon units: cancer metabolism in full circle. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(8):572\u201383.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01189-2","volume":"35","author":"MM Zarou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zarou MM, Vazquez A, Vignir Helgason G. Folate metabolism: a re-emerging therapeutic target in haematological cancers. Leukemia. 2021;35(6):1539\u201351.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2025.102499","volume":"36","author":"M Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shi M, Huai Y, Deng T, Zhang C, Song J, Wang J, Zhang Y, Chen ZJ, Zhao H, Wu K, et al. SHMT2 is essential for mammalian preimplantation embryonic development through de novo biosynthesis of nucleotide metabolites. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2025;36(2):102499.","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114515001142","volume":"113","author":"CM Pfeiffer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Fazili Z, Lacher DA, Zhang M, Johnson CL, Hamner HC, Bailey RL, Rader JI, Yamini S, et al. Folate status and concentrations of serum folate forms in the US population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2. Br J Nutr. 2015;113(12):1965\u201377.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00486-5","volume":"3","author":"MR Sullivan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sullivan MR, Darnell AM, Reilly MF, Kunchok T, Joesch-Cohen L, Rosenberg D, Ali A, Rees MG, Roth JA, Lewis CA, et al. Methionine synthase is essential for cancer cell proliferation in physiological folate environments. Nat Metab. 2021;3(11):1500\u201311.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00465-w","volume":"3","author":"JM Ghergurovich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghergurovich JM, Xu X, Wang JZ, Yang L, Ryseck RP, Wang L, Rabinowitz JD. Methionine synthase supports tumour tetrahydrofolate pools. Nat Metab. 2021;3(11):1512\u201320.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20553","volume":"85","author":"AE Beaudin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beaudin AE, Stover PJ. Insights into metabolic mechanisms underlying folate-responsive neural tube defects: a minireview. Birth Defects Res Clin Mol Teratol. 2009;85(4):274\u201384.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"8044_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Xie E, Xu H, Cheng H, Li G. One-carbon metabolism shapes T cell immunity in cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2024.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2024.05.010"},{"key":"8044_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lionaki E, Ploumi C, Tavernarakis N. One-carbon metabolism: pulling the strings behind aging and neurodegeneration. Cells. 2022;11(2).","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11020214"},{"issue":"7690","key":"8044_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25460","volume":"554","author":"RJ Morscher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Morscher RJ, Ducker GS, Li SH, Mayer JA, Gitai Z, Sperl W, Rabinowitz JD. Mitochondrial translation requires folate-dependent tRNA methylation. Nature. 2018;554(7690):128\u201332.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8044_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2019.144032","volume":"716","author":"R Nilsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nilsson R, Nicolaidou V, Koufaris C. Mitochondrial MTHFD isozymes display distinct expression, regulation, and association with cancer. Gene. 2019;716:144032.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"3","key":"8044_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.07.010","volume":"14","author":"EJ Tucker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tucker EJ, Hershman SG, Kohrer C, Belcher-Timme CA, Patel J, Goldberger OA, Christodoulou J, Silberstein JM, McKenzie M, Ryan MT, et al. Mutations in MTFMT underlie a human disorder of formylation causing impaired mitochondrial translation. Cell Metabol. 2011;14(3):428\u201334.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.041","volume":"175","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Lin TY, Lee G, Paddock MN, Momb J, Cheng Z, Li Q, Fei DL, Stein BD, Ramsamooj S, et al. Mitochondrial One-Carbon Pathway Supports Cytosolic Folate Integrity in Cancer Cells. Cell. 2018;175(6):1546\u201360. e1517.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.09.011","volume":"24","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Chen L, Morscher RJ, Ghergurovich JM, Esposito M, Teng X, Kang Y, Rabinowitz JD. Reversal of Cytosolic One-Carbon Flux Compensates for Loss of the Mitochondrial Folate Pathway. Cell Metabol. 2016;24(4):640\u20131.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00771-5","volume":"5","author":"AC Green","year":"2023","unstructured":"Green AC, Marttila P, Kiweler N, Chalkiadaki C, Wiita E, Cookson V, Lesur A, Eiden K, Bernardin F, Vallin KSA, et al. Formate overflow drives toxic folate trapping in MTHFD1 inhibited cancer cells. Nat Metab. 2023;5(4):642\u201359.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37094-8","volume":"14","author":"Y Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu Y, Tang L, Huang H, Yu Q, Hu B, Wang G, Ge F, Yin T, Li S, Yu X. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activates PKM2 to phosphorylate histone H3T11 and attenuate cellular senescence. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):1323.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2453","volume":"13","author":"RC Oslund","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oslund RC, Su X, Haugbro M, Kee JM, Esposito M, David Y, Wang B, Ge E, Perlman DH, Kang Y, et al. Bisphosphoglycerate mutase controls serine pathway flux via 3-phosphoglycerate. Nat Chem Biol. 2017;13(10):1081\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.04.016","volume":"23","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Chen L, Morscher RJ, Ghergurovich JM, Esposito M, Teng X, Kang Y, Rabinowitz JD. Reversal of Cytosolic One-Carbon Flux Compensates for Loss of the Mitochondrial Folate Pathway. Cell Metab. 2016;23(6):1140\u201353.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.12.002","volume":"33","author":"WD Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee WD, Pirona AC, Sarvin B, Stern A, Nevo-Dinur K, Besser E, Sarvin N, Lagziel S, Mukha D, Raz S, et al. Tumor Reliance on Cytosolic versus Mitochondrial One-Carbon Flux Depends on Folate Availability. Cell Metab. 2021;33(1):190\u2013e198196.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1601273","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1601273","volume":"2","author":"J Meiser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meiser J, Tumanov S, Maddocks O, Labuschagne CF, Athineos D, Van Den Broek N, Mackay GM, Gottlieb E, Blyth K, Vousden K, et al. Serine one-carbon catabolism with formate overflow. Sci Adv. 2016;2(10):e1601273.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-022-00470-5","volume":"29","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liu Z, Wang X, Jian H, Xiao H, Wen T. SHMT2 promotes cell viability and inhibits ROS-dependent, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via the intrinsic signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther. 2022;29(10):1514\u201327.","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28272-1","volume":"13","author":"E Lionaki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lionaki E, Gkikas I, Daskalaki I, Ioannidi MK, Klapa MI, Tavernarakis N. Mitochondrial protein import determines lifespan through metabolic reprogramming and de novo serine biosynthesis. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):651.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.02.017","volume":"31","author":"L Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang L, Garcia Canaveras JC, Chen Z, Wang L, Liang L, Jang C, Mayr JA, Zhang Z, Ghergurovich JM, Zhan L, et al. Serine Catabolism Feeds NADH when Respiration Is Impaired. Cell Metab. 2020;31(4):809\u2013e821806.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"8044_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz129","volume":"47","author":"G Guiducci","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guiducci G, Paone A, Tramonti A, Giardina G, Rinaldo S, Bouzidi A, Magnifico MC, Marani M, Menendez JA, Fatica A, et al. The moonlighting RNA-binding activity of cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase contributes to control compartmentalization of serine metabolism. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(8):4240\u201354.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.07081.x","volume":"116","author":"SF Lichtenthaler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lichtenthaler SF. \u03b1-secretase in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: molecular identity, regulation and therapeutic potential. J Neurochem. 2011;116(1):10\u201321.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR60","first-page":"e2305260","volume":"11","author":"L Song","year":"2024","unstructured":"Song L, Pan QL, Zhou GF, Liu SW, Zhu BL, Lin PJ, Hu XT, Zha JS, Long Y, Luo B, et al. SHMT2 Mediates Small-Molecule-Induced Alleviation of Alzheimer Pathology Via the 5\u2019UTR-dependent ADAM10 Translation Initiation. Advanced science (Weinheim. Baden-Wurttemberg Germany). 2024;11(11):e2305260.","journal-title":"Baden-Wurttemberg Germany)"},{"issue":"7760","key":"8044_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1232-1","volume":"570","author":"M Walden","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walden M, Tian L, Ross RL, Sykora UM, Byrne DP, Hesketh EL, Masandi SK, Cassel J, George R, Ault JR, et al. Metabolic control of BRISC-SHMT2 assembly regulates immune signalling. Nature. 2019;570(7760):194\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2013.08.025","volume":"5","author":"H Zheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zheng H, Gupta V, Patterson-Fortin J, Bhattacharya S, Katlinski K, Wu J, Varghese B, Carbone CJ, Aressy B, Fuchs SY, et al. A BRISC-SHMT complex deubiquitinates IFNAR1 and regulates interferon responses. Cell Rep. 2013;5(1):180\u201393.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5839","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005839","volume":"4","author":"DD Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson DD, Stover PJ. SHMT1 and SHMT2 are functionally redundant in nuclear de novo thymidylate biosynthesis. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(6):e5839.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"51","key":"8044_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44015","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.307629","volume":"286","author":"AJ MacFarlane","year":"2011","unstructured":"MacFarlane AJ, Anderson DD, Flodby P, Perry CA, Allen RH, Stabler SP, Stover PJ. Nuclear localization of de novo thymidylate biosynthesis pathway is required to prevent uracil accumulation in DNA. J Biol Chem. 2011;286(51):44015\u201322.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"8044_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang W, Wang M, Du T, Hou Z, You S, Zhang S, Ji M, Xue N, Chen X. SHMT2 promotes gastric cancer development through regulation of HIF1\u03b1\/VEGF\/STAT3 signaling. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(8).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087150"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2966","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.48699","volume":"11","author":"C Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C, Wang L, Liu X, Tan Y, Tao L, Xiao Y, Deng P, Wang H, Deng Q, Lin Y, et al. Cytoplasmic SHMT2 drives the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer by inhibiting \u03b2-catenin degradation. Theranostics. 2021;11(6):2966\u201386.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"34","key":"8044_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.07.045","volume":"35","author":"S Pandey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pandey S, Garg P, Lee S, Choung HW, Choung YH, Choung PH, Chung JH. Nucleotide biosynthesis arrest by silencing SHMT1 function via vitamin B6-coupled vector and effects on tumor growth inhibition. Biomaterials. 2014;35(34):9332\u201342.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-14-0250","volume":"4","author":"J Ye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ye J, Fan J, Venneti S, Wan YW, Pawel BR, Zhang J, Finley LW, Lu C, Lindsten T, Cross JR, et al. Serine catabolism regulates mitochondrial redox control during hypoxia. Cancer Discov. 2014;4(12):1406\u201317.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"8044_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117955492513317","DOI":"10.1177\/11795549251331755","volume":"19","author":"S Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu S, Liu Y, Chen H, Zhu X, Liu X, Xu K, Sang Y, Shang L, Chong W, Li L. Mechanism and Therapeutic Progress of One-Carbon Metabolic Key Enzyme: Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2 in Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2025;19:11795549251331755.","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-023-01148-7","volume":"13","author":"Z Qiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiao Z, Li Y, Cheng Y, Li S, Liu S. SHMT2 regulates esophageal cancer cell progression and immune Escape by mediating m6A modification of c-myc. Cell bioscience. 2023;13(1):203.","journal-title":"Cell bioscience"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3421","volume":"47","author":"GM DeNicola","year":"2015","unstructured":"DeNicola GM, Chen PH, Mullarky E, Sudderth JA, Hu Z, Wu D, Tang H, Xie Y, Asara JM, Huffman KE, et al. NRF2 regulates serine biosynthesis in non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Genet. 2015;47(12):1475\u201381.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"19","key":"8044_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-023-02671-0","volume":"42","author":"MR Dhamdhere","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dhamdhere MR, Gowda CP, Singh V, Liu Z, Carruthers N, Grant CN, Sharma A, Dovat S, Sundstrom JM, Wang HG, et al. IGF2BP1 regulates the cargo of extracellular vesicles and promotes neuroblastoma metastasis. Oncogene. 2023;42(19):1558\u201371.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"8044_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2020.02.040","volume":"478","author":"M Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao M, Hou Y, Du YE, Yang L, Qin Y, Peng M, Liu S, Wan X, Qiao Y, Zeng H, et al. Drosha-independent miR-6778-5p strengthens gastric cancer stem cell stemness via regulation of cytosolic one-carbon folate metabolism. Cancer Lett. 2020;478:8\u201321.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"8044_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2021.05.019","volume":"19","author":"M Monti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Monti M, Guiducci G, Paone A, Rinaldo S, Giardina G, Liberati FR, Cutruzzola F, Tartaglia GG. Modelling of SHMT1 riboregulation predicts dynamic changes of serine and glycine levels across cellular compartments. Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2021;19:3034\u201341.","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"issue":"45","key":"8044_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31097","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.015800","volume":"284","author":"JT Fox","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fox JT, Shin WK, Caudill MA, Stover PJ. A UV-responsive internal ribosome entry site enhances serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 expression for DNA damage repair. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(45):31097\u2013108.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koac055","volume":"34","author":"S Fu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fu S, Wang K, Ma T, Liang Y, Ma Z, Wu J, Xu Y, Zhou X. An evolutionarily conserved C4HC3-type E3 ligase regulates plant broad-spectrum resistance against pathogens. Plant Cell. 2022;34(5):1822\u201343.","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06812-y","volume":"9","author":"Z Wei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wei Z, Song J, Wang G, Cui X, Zheng J, Tang Y, Chen X, Li J, Cui L, Liu CY, et al. Deacetylation of serine hydroxymethyl-transferase 2 by SIRT3 promotes colorectal carcinogenesis. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):4468.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-1912","volume":"78","author":"X Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang X, Wang Z, Li X, Liu B, Liu M, Liu L, Chen S, Ren M, Wang Y, Yu M, et al. SHMT2 Desuccinylation by SIRT5 Drives Cancer Cell Proliferation. Cancer Res. 2018;78(2):372\u201386.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5487","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1815365116","volume":"116","author":"J Cao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cao J, Sun L, Aramsangtienchai P, Spiegelman NA, Zhang X, Huang W, Seto E, Lin H. HDAC11 regulates type I interferon signaling through defatty-acylation of SHMT2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2019;116(12):5487\u201392.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"18","key":"8044_CR80","first-page":"e2307834","volume":"11","author":"T Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han T, Wang Y, Cheng M, Hu Q, Wan X, Huang M, Liu Y, Xun W, Xu J, Wang L, et al. Phosphorylated SHMT2 Regulates Oncogenesis Through m(6)A Modification in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Advanced science (Weinheim. Baden-Wurttemberg Germany). 2024;11(18):e2307834.","journal-title":"Baden-Wurttemberg Germany)"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26395-5","volume":"12","author":"M Hennequart","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hennequart M, Labuschagne CF, Tajan M, Pilley SE, Cheung EC, Legrave NM, Driscoll PC, Vousden KH. The impact of physiological metabolite levels on serine uptake, synthesis and utilization in cancer cells. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):6176.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"8044_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101685","volume":"36","author":"C Shao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shao C, Lu W, Du Y, Yan W, Bao Q, Tian Y, Wang G, Ye H, Hao H. Cytosolic ME1 integrated with mitochondrial IDH2 supports tumor growth and metastasis. Redox Biol. 2020;36:101685.","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.04.006","volume":"34","author":"D Mukha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mukha D, Fokra M, Feldman A, Sarvin B, Sarvin N, Nevo-Dinur K, Besser E, Hallo E, Aizenshtein E, Schug ZT, et al. Glycine decarboxylase maintains mitochondrial protein lipoylation to support tumor growth. Cell Metabol. 2022;34(5):775\u2013e782779.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-23-0550","volume":"23","author":"A Wallace-Povirk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wallace-Povirk A, O\u2019Connor C, Dekhne AS, Bao X, Nayeen MJ, Schneider M, Katinas JM, Wong-Roushar J, Kim S, Polin L, et al. Mitochondrial and Cytosolic One-Carbon Metabolism Is a Targetable Metabolic Vulnerability in Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2024;23(6):809\u201322.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.06.007","volume":"24","author":"N Ron-Harel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ron-Harel N, Santos D, Ghergurovich JM, Sage PT, Reddy A, Lovitch SB, Dephoure N, Satterstrom FK, Sheffer M, Spinelli JB, et al. Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Proteome Remodeling Promote One-Carbon Metabolism for T Cell Activation. Cell Metabol. 2016;24(1):104\u201317.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18828-3","volume":"8","author":"H Tani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tani H, Ohnishi S, Shitara H, Mito T, Yamaguchi M, Yonekawa H, Hashizume O, Ishikawa K, Nakada K, Hayashi JI. Mice deficient in the Shmt2 gene have mitochondrial respiration defects and are embryonic lethal. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):425.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"8044_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6388","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7388","volume":"6","author":"YJ Pai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pai YJ, Leung KY, Savery D, Hutchin T, Prunty H, Heales S, Brosnan ME, Brosnan JT, Copp AJ, Greene ND. Glycine decarboxylase deficiency causes neural tube defects and features of non-ketotic hyperglycinemia in mice. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6388.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-2683","volume":"74","author":"GY Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee GY, Haverty PM, Li L, Kljavin NM, Bourgon R, Lee J, Stern H, Modrusan Z, Seshagiri S, Zhang Z, et al. Comparative oncogenomics identifies PSMB4 and SHMT2 as potential cancer driver genes. Cancer Res. 2014;74(11):3114\u201326.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"8044_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2018.07.001","volume":"653","author":"A Tramonti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tramonti A, Paiardini A, Paone A, Bouzidi A, Giardina G, Guiducci G, Magnifico MC, Rinaldo S, McDermott L, Menendez JA, et al. Differential inhibitory effect of a pyrazolopyran compound on human serine hydroxymethyltransferase-amino acid complexes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2018;653:71\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"7","key":"8044_CR90","first-page":"3405","volume":"12","author":"SY Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie SY, Shi DB, Ouyang Y, Lin F, Chen XY, Jiang TC, Xia W, Guo L, Lin HX. SHMT2 promotes tumor growth through VEGF and MAPK signaling pathway in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2022;12(7):3405\u201321.","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-020-00314-2","volume":"53","author":"H Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang H, Chong T, Li BY, Chen XS, Zhen WB. Evaluating the clinical significance of SHMT2 and its co-expressed gene in human kidney cancer. Biol Res. 2020;53(1):46.","journal-title":"Biol Res"},{"key":"8044_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16594","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16594","volume":"12","author":"Y Shan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shan Y, Liu D, Li Y, Wu C, Ye Y. The expression and clinical significance of serine hydroxymethyltransferase2 in gastric cancer. PeerJ. 2024;12:e16594.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8785","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2022.2051886","volume":"13","author":"H Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang H, Che Y, Xuan B, Wu X, Li H. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) potentiates the aggressive process of oral squamous cell carcinoma by binding to interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 (ILF2). Bioengineered. 2022;13(4):8785\u201397.","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58618-2","volume":"14","author":"SW Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su SW, Chen X, Wang G, Li P, Yang TX, Fang KW, Wu J, Li JM. A study on the significance of serine hydroxymethyl transferase expression and its role in bladder cancer. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):8324.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"8044_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5823","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.915754","volume":"25","author":"L Ji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ji L, Tang Y, Pang X, Zhang Y. Increased Expression of Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) is a Negative Prognostic Marker in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and is Associated with Proliferation of HepG2 Cells. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:5823\u201332.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"8044_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen TH, Vemu PL, Hoy GE, Boudjadi S, Chatterjee B, Shern JF, Khan J, Sun W, Barr FG. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 expression promotes tumorigenesis in rhabdomyosarcoma with 12q13-q14 amplification. J Clin Investig. 2021;131(15).","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI138022"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.01.024","volume":"69","author":"DR Minton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Minton DR, Nam M, McLaughlin DJ, Shin J, Bayraktar EC, Alvarez SW, Sviderskiy VO, Papagiannakopoulos T, Sabatini DM, Birsoy K, et al. Serine Catabolism by SHMT2 Is Required for Proper Mitochondrial Translation Initiation and Maintenance of Formylmethionyl-tRNAs. Mol Cell. 2018;69(4):610\u2013e621615.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"8044_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-020-0080-0","volume":"1","author":"S Parsa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parsa S, Ortega-Molina A, Ying HY, Jiang M, Teater M, Wang J, Zhao C, Reznik E, Pasion JP, Kuo D, et al. The serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2) initiates lymphoma development through epigenetic tumor suppressor silencing. Nat Cancer. 2020;1:653\u201364.","journal-title":"Nat Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021012081","volume":"139","author":"AC Wilke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilke AC, Doebele C, Zindel A, Lee KS, Rieke SA, Ceribelli M, Comoglio F, Phelan JD, Wang JQ, Pikman Y, et al. SHMT2 inhibition disrupts the TCF3 transcriptional survival program in Burkitt lymphoma. Blood. 2022;139(4):538\u201353.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"9","key":"8044_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0237981","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237981","volume":"15","author":"J Tong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tong J, Krieger JR, Taylor P, Bagshaw R, Kang J, Jeedigunta S, Wybenga-Groot LE, Zhang W, Badr H, Mirhadi S, et al. Cancer proteome and metabolite changes linked to SHMT2. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(9):e0237981.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"8044_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-0794-x","volume":"122","author":"AL Engel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Engel AL, Lorenz NI, Klann K, M\u00fcnch C, Depner C, Steinbach JP, Ronellenfitsch MW, Luger AL. Serine-dependent redox homeostasis regulates glioblastoma cell survival. Br J Cancer. 2020;122(9):1391\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07445-y","volume":"16","author":"SQ Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang SQ, Liu N, Zhang Q, Li BQ, Zhao FY, Li C, Wang HQ, Liu C. TFE3 and HIF1\u03b1 regulates the expression of SHMT2 isoforms via alternative promoter utilization in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Death Dis. 2025;16(1):178.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"8044_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111233","volume":"40","author":"E Pranzini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pranzini E, Pardella E, Muccillo L, Leo A, Nesi I, Santi A, Parri M, Zhang T, Uribe AH, Lottini T, et al. SHMT2-mediated mitochondrial serine metabolism drives 5-FU resistance by fueling nucleotide biosynthesis. Cell Rep. 2022;40(7):111233.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"23","key":"8044_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3974","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-021-01815-4","volume":"40","author":"J Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen J, Na R, Xiao C, Wang X, Wang Y, Yan D, Song G, Liu X, Chen J, Lu H, et al. The loss of SHMT2 mediates 5-fluorouracil chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by upregulating autophagy. Oncogene. 2021;40(23):3974\u201388.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/s44321-025-00212-8","volume":"17","author":"GD Barnabas","year":"2025","unstructured":"Barnabas GD, Bhat TA, Goebeler V, Leclair P, Azzam N, Melong N, Anderson C, Gom A, An S, Ergin EK, et al. Proteomics and personalized PDX models identify treatment for a progressive malignancy within an actionable timeframe. EMBO Mol Med. 2025;17(4):625\u201344.","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"8044_CR106","first-page":"860","volume":"50","author":"Q Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Q, Shen N, Zhang N, Chen Y. SHMT2 Promotes Invasion and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Through Binding to and Up-regulating HAX1. Cancer Res Prev Treat. 2023;50(9):860\u20135.","journal-title":"Cancer Res Prev Treat"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2014.08.002","volume":"68","author":"Q Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang Q, Lu K, Du H, Zhang Q, Chen T, Shu Y, Hua Y, Zhu L. Association between cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT1) gene polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2014;68(6):757\u201362.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1525","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.482","volume":"5","author":"A Paone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paone A, Marani M, Fiascarelli A, Rinaldo S, Giardina G, Contestabile R, Paiardini A, Cutruzzola F. SHMT1 knockdown induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells by causing uracil misincorporation. Cell Death Dis. 2014;5(11):e1525.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2022.2149516","volume":"45","author":"Y Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao Y, Jing N, Teng X, Wang Y. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 promotes low-grade glioma progression by activating mTORC1 signaling. Neurol Res. 2023;45(5):415\u201322.","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaat0456","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aat0456","volume":"5","author":"JL May","year":"2019","unstructured":"May JL, Kouri FM, Hurley LA, Liu J, Tommasini-Ghelfi S, Ji Y, Gao P, Calvert AE, Lee A, Chandel NS, et al. IDH3alpha regulates one-carbon metabolism in glioblastoma. Sci Adv. 2019;5(1):eaat0456.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"8044_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao W, Zhao L, Lian Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang M, Li N, Guo J, Shen D, et al. Proteogenomic characterization reveals metabolic vulnerabilities and aberrant phosphorylation in colorectal metastasis to liver. Adv Sci (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany). 2025:e11744.","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202511744"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-025-01050-1","volume":"61","author":"Z Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu Z, Chen Z, Yang H, Liu J, Cui M, Wang W. miR-944 inhibits malignant progression of bladder cancer through ATIC\/AKT\/FOXO3 A axis mediated by SHMT1. vitro Cell Dev biology Anim. 2025;61(6):656\u201368.","journal-title":"vitro Cell Dev biology Anim"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4583","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.15982","volume":"114","author":"Y Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Deng T, Zhou X, Qian H, Wang M, Zhang C, Huo Z, Mao Z, et al. HOXD8 suppresses renal cell carcinoma growth by upregulating SHMT1 expression. Cancer Sci. 2023;114(12):4583\u201395.","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"8044_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2412854122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2412854122","volume":"122","author":"Z Jiao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiao Z, Zhang M, Ning J, Yao H, Yan X, Wu Z, Wu D, Liu Y, Zhang M, Wang L, et al. The oncoprotein SET promotes serine-derived one-carbon metabolism by regulating SHMT2 enzymatic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025;122(19):e2412854122.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"17","key":"8044_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.14610","volume":"285","author":"G Giardina","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giardina G, Paone A, Tramonti A, Lucchi R, Marani M, Magnifico MC, Bouzidi A, Pontecorvi V, Guiducci G, Zamparelli C, et al. The catalytic activity of serine hydroxymethyltransferase is essential for de novo nuclear dTMP synthesis in lung cancer cells. FEBS J. 2018;285(17):3238\u201353.","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"22","key":"8044_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2025.10.002","volume":"85","author":"MA Nengroo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nengroo MA, Klein AT, Carr HS, Vidal-Cruchez O, Sahu U, McGrail DJ, Sahni N, Thompson NB, Faull PA, Gao P, et al. Accumulation of succinate suppresses de novo purine synthesis through succinylation-mediated control of the mitochondrial folate cycle. Mol Cell. 2025;85(22):4215\u201328. e4219.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"8044_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasegawa T, Iino C, Endo T, Mikami K, Kimura M, Sawada N, Nakaji S, Fukuda S. Changed amino acids in NAFLD and liver fibrosis: a large cross-sectional study without influence of insulin resistance. Nutrients. 2020;12(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051450"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR118","first-page":"50","volume":"26","author":"A Alves","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alves A, Morio B. Alterations in glycine metabolism in obesity and chronic metabolic diseases - an update on new advances. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2023;26(1):50\u20134.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"8044_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900343","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.900343","volume":"13","author":"HC Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan HC, Hsu JW, Tai ES, Chacko S, Wu V, Lee CF, Kovalik JP, Jahoor F. De Novo Glycine Synthesis Is Reduced in Adults With Morbid Obesity and Increases Following Bariatric Surgery. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:900343.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"11","key":"8044_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw031","volume":"71","author":"WE Kraus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kraus WE, Pieper CF, Huffman KM, Thompson DK, Kraus VB, Morey MC, Cohen HJ, Ravussin E, Redman LM, Bain JR, et al. Association of Plasma Small-Molecule Intermediate Metabolites With Age and Body Mass Index Across Six Diverse Study Populations. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(11):1507\u201313.","journal-title":"J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"8044_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rom O, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Wu J, Ghrayeb A, Villacorta L, Fan Y, Chang L, Wang L et al. Glycine-based treatment ameliorates NAFLD by modulating fatty acid oxidation, glutathione synthesis, and the gut microbiome. Sci Transl Med 2020;12(572).","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaz2841"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108375","volume":"33","author":"PJ White","year":"2020","unstructured":"White PJ, Lapworth AL, McGarrah RW, Kwee LC, Crown SB, Ilkayeva O, An J, Carson MW, Christopher BA, Ball JR, et al. Muscle-Liver Trafficking of BCAA-Derived Nitrogen Underlies Obesity-Related Glycine Depletion. Cell Rep. 2020;33(6):108375.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.12.001","volume":"36","author":"MJ McBride","year":"2024","unstructured":"McBride MJ, Hunter CJ, Zhang Z, TeSlaa T, Xu X, Ducker GS, Rabinowitz JD. Glycine homeostasis requires reverse SHMT flux. Cell Metabol. 2024;36(1):103\u2013e115104.","journal-title":"Cell Metabol"},{"key":"8044_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheer JB, Mackey AD, Gregory JF 3. Activities of hepatic cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of serine hydroxymethyltransferase and hepatic glycine concentration are affected by vitamin B-6 intake in rats. J Nutr. 2005;135(2):233\u20138.","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.2.233"},{"key":"8044_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4083","volume":"5","author":"A Mardinoglu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mardinoglu A, Agren R, Kampf C, Asplund A, Uhlen M, Nielsen J. Genome-scale metabolic modelling of hepatocytes reveals serine deficiency in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3083.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxaa032","volume":"150","author":"RP da Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"da Silva RP, Eudy BJ, Deminice R. One-Carbon Metabolism in Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis: One-Carbon to Rule Them All. J Nutr. 2020;150(5):994\u20131003.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00487-4","volume":"3","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Z, TeSlaa T, Xu X, Zeng X, Yang L, Xing G, Tesz GJ, Clasquin MF, Rabinowitz JD. Serine catabolism generates liver NADPH and supports hepatic lipogenesis. Nat Metab. 2021;3(12):1608\u201320.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.102036","volume":"24","author":"T Ota","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ota T, Senoo A, Shirakawa M, Nonaka H, Saito Y, Ito S, Ueno G, Nagatoishi S, Tsumoto K, Sando S. Structural basis for selective inhibition of human serine hydroxymethyltransferase by secondary bile acid conjugate. iScience. 2021;24(2):102036.","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.03.028","volume":"107","author":"N Escande-Beillard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Escande-Beillard N, Loh A, Saleem SN, Kanata K, Hashimoto Y, Altunoglu U, Metoska A, Grandjean J, Ng FM, Pomp O, et al. Loss of PYCR2 Causes Neurodegeneration by Increasing Cerebral Glycine Levels via SHMT2. Neuron. 2020;107(1):82\u201394. e86.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1559","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1559","volume":"14","author":"DM Engelhardt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Engelhardt DM, Martyr CA, Niswander L. Pathogenesis of neural tube defects: The regulation and disruption of cellular processes underlying neural tube closure. WIREs Mech Dis. 2022;14(5):e1559.","journal-title":"WIREs Mech Dis"},{"key":"8044_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva EAB, Venda AM, Homem CCF. Serine hydroxymethyl transferase is required for optic lobe neuroepithelia development in Drosophila. Development. 2023;150(20).","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.201152"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2003.12.010","volume":"81","author":"CL Relton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Relton CL, Wilding CS, Laffling AJ, Jonas PA, Burgess T, Binks K, Tawn EJ, Burn J. Low erythrocyte folate status and polymorphic variation in folate-related genes are associated with risk of neural tube defect pregnancy. Mol Genet Metab. 2004;81(4):273\u201381.","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440219","volume":"44","author":"TJ de Koning","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Koning TJ, Duran M, Dorland L, Gooskens R, Van Schaftingen E, Jaeken J, Blau N, Berger R, Poll-The BT. Beneficial effects of L-serine and glycine in the management of seizures in 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency. Ann Neurol. 1998;44(2):261\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"24","key":"8044_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03574-z","volume":"77","author":"G Murtas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murtas G, Marcone GL, Sacchi S, Pollegioni L. L-serine synthesis via the phosphorylated pathway in humans. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020;77(24):5131\u201348.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1501678","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1501678","volume":"2","author":"TF Andlauer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andlauer TF, Buck D, Antony G, Bayas A, Bechmann L, Berthele A, Chan A, Gasperi C, Gold R, Graetz C, et al. Novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci implicated in epigenetic regulation. Sci Adv. 2016;2(6):e1501678.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02223-w","volume":"140","author":"A Garcia-Cazorla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garcia-Cazorla A, Verdura E, Julia-Palacios N, Anderson EN, Goicoechea L, Planas-Serra L, Tsogtbaatar E, Dsouza NR, Schluter A, Urreizti R, et al. Impairment of the mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism enzyme SHMT2 causes a novel brain and heart developmental syndrome. Acta Neuropathol. 2020;140(6):971\u20135.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(84)90012-X","volume":"12","author":"R Waziri","year":"1984","unstructured":"Waziri R, Wilcox J, Sherman AD, Mott J. Serine metabolism and psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 1984;12(2):121\u201336.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.07039.x","volume":"115","author":"M Maekawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maekawa M, Ohnishi T, Hashimoto K, Watanabe A, Iwayama Y, Ohba H, Hattori E, Yamada K, Yoshikawa T. Analysis of strain-dependent prepulse inhibition points to a role for Shmt1 (SHMT1) in mice and in schizophrenia. J Neurochem. 2010;115(6):1374\u201385.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12874","volume":"91","author":"YC Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang YC, Kuang LL, Sun SN, Duan WY, Qiao B, Wang HY. Association of genetic polymorphisms of de novo nucleotide biosynthesis with increased CHD susceptibility in the northern Chinese population. Clin Genet. 2017;91(5):748\u201355.","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"8044_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.8.1989","volume":"135","author":"U Lim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lim U, Peng K, Shane B, Stover PJ, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Gaziano JM, Strawderman RL, Raiszadeh F, Selhub J, et al. Polymorphisms in Cytoplasmic Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Affect the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Men1. J Nutr. 2005;135(8):1989\u201394.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"14","key":"8044_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.726067","volume":"117","author":"A Baccarelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccarelli A, Cassano PA, Litonjua A, Park SK, Suh H, Sparrow D, Vokonas P, Schwartz J. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction: effects from particulate air pollution and protection by dietary methyl nutrients and metabolic polymorphisms. Circulation. 2008;117(14):1802\u20139.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1159\/000492248","volume":"43","author":"B Boehme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boehme B, Schelski N, Makridakis M, Henze L, Vlahou A, Lang F, Pieske B, Alesutan I, Voelkl J. Role of Cytosolic Serine Hydroxymethyl Transferase 1 (SHMT1) in Phosphate-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2018;43(4):1212\u201321.","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18672","volume":"79","author":"Q Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Q, Tian J, Li X, Liu X, Zheng T, Zhao Y, Li X, Zhong H, Liu D, Zhang W, et al. Upregulation of Endothelial DKK1 (Dickkopf 1) Promotes the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension Through the Sp1 (Specificity Protein 1)\/SHMT2 (Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 2) Pathway. Hypertens (Dallas Tex: 1979). 2022;79(5):960\u201373.","journal-title":"Hypertens (Dallas Tex: 1979)"},{"issue":"6","key":"8044_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1302","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1302","volume":"13","author":"Y Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu Y, Chen L, Zhao S, Feng R, Cao X, Chen G, Zhao T, Zhang C, Fang Z, Guo Z, et al. Transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and network pharmacology reveal molecular mechanisms of multi-targets effects of Shenxianshengmai improving human iPSC-CMs beating. Clin translational Med. 2023;13(6):e1302.","journal-title":"Clin translational Med"},{"key":"8044_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2016.08.009","volume":"38","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Huang G, Chen S, Gou Y, Dong Z, Zhang X. Folic acid deficiency increases brain cell injury via autophagy enhancement after focal cerebral ischemia. J Nutr Biochem. 2016;38:41\u20139.","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-016-0723-z","volume":"74","author":"F Cheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cheng F, Lan J, Xia W, Tu C, Chen B, Li S, Pan W. Folic Acid Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury Caused by Hypoxia via the Inhibition of ERK1\/2\/NOX4\/ROS Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2016;74(2):205\u201311.","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"8","key":"8044_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980014002134","volume":"18","author":"R Zeng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zeng R, Xu CH, Xu YN, Wang YL, Wang M. The effect of folate fortification on folic acid-based homocysteine-lowering intervention and stroke risk: a meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(8):1514\u201321.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR148","first-page":"454","volume":"21","author":"J Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang J, Gu J, Huang Y, Fang Y, Lin J. The association between serine hydroxymethyl transferase 1 gene hypermethylation and ischemic stroke. Bosnian J basic Med Sci. 2021;21(4):454\u201360.","journal-title":"Bosnian J basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"50","key":"8044_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm7902","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm7902","volume":"8","author":"A Cappello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cappello A, Mancini M, Madonna S, Rinaldo S, Paone A, Scarponi C, Belardo A, Zolla L, Zuccotti A, Panatta E, et al. Extracellular serine empowers epidermal proliferation and psoriasis-like symptoms. Sci Adv. 2022;8(50):eabm7902.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12363","volume":"14","author":"J Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song J, Kim D, Chun CH, Jin EJ. miR-370 and miR-373 regulate the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis by modulating one-carbon metabolism via SHMT-2 and MECP-2, respectively. Aging Cell. 2015;14(5):826\u201337.","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"8044_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105533","volume":"112","author":"QS Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang QS, Wang JN, Yang TL, Li SY, Li JQ, Liu DN, Shang H, Zhang ZN. SHMT2 regulates CD8\u2009+\u2009T cell senescence via the reactive oxygen species axis in HIV-1 infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. EBioMedicine. 2025;112:105533.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"8044_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(89)90064-5","volume":"44","author":"K Snell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Snell K, Riches D. Effects of a triazine antifolate (NSC 127755) on serine hydroxymethyltransferase in myeloma cells in culture. Cancer Lett. 1989;44(3):217\u201320.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"8044_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)52328-0","volume":"266","author":"P Stover","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stover P, Schirch V. 5-Formyltetrahydrofolate polyglutamates are slow tight binding inhibitors of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1991;266(3):1543\u201350.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"8044_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.1021\/jm501987h","volume":"58","author":"MC Witschel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Witschel MC, Rottmann M, Schwab A, Leartsakulpanich U, Chitnumsub P, Seet M, Tonazzi S, Schwertz G, Stelzer F, Mietzner T, et al. Inhibitors of plasmodial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT): cocrystal structures of pyrazolopyrans with potent blood- and liver-stage activities. J Med Chem. 2015;58(7):3117\u201330.","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4570","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6726","volume":"7","author":"M Marani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marani M, Paone A, Fiascarelli A, Macone A, Gargano M, Rinaldo S, Giardina G, Pontecorvi V, Koes D, McDermott L, et al. A pyrazolopyran derivative preferentially inhibits the activity of human cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase and induces cell death in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2016;7(4):4570\u201383.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"43","key":"8044_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11404","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1706617114","volume":"114","author":"GS Ducker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducker GS, Ghergurovich JM, Mainolfi N, Suri V, Jeong SK, Hsin-Jung Li S, Friedman A, Manfredi MG, Gitai Z, Kim H, et al. Human SHMT inhibitors reveal defective glycine import as a targetable metabolic vulnerability of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(43):11404\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"12","key":"8044_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23742","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202302286RRR","volume":"38","author":"T Liufu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liufu T, Zhao X, Yu M, Xie Z, Meng L, Lv H, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Xing G, Deng J, et al. Multiomics analysis reveals serine catabolism as a potential therapeutic target for MELAS. FASEB journal: official publication Federation Am Soc Experimental Biology. 2024;38(12):e23742.","journal-title":"FASEB journal: official publication Federation Am Soc Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01361-8","volume":"36","author":"Y Pikman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pikman Y, Ocasio-Martinez N, Alexe G, Dimitrov B, Kitara S, Diehl FF, Robichaud AL, Conway AS, Ross L, Su A, et al. Targeting serine hydroxymethyltransferases 1 and 2 for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. Leukemia. 2022;36(2):348\u201360.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.02.009","volume":"46","author":"F Daidone","year":"2011","unstructured":"Daidone F, Florio R, Rinaldo S, Contestabile R, di Salvo ML, Cutruzzola F, Bossa F, Paiardini A. In silico and in vitro validation of serine hydroxymethyltransferase as a chemotherapeutic target of the antifolate drug pemetrexed. Eur J Med Chem. 2011;46(5):1616\u201321.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"8044_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paiardini A, Fiascarelli A, Rinaldo S, Daidone F, Giardina G, Koes DR, Parroni A, Montini G, Marani M, Paone A, et al. Screening and in vitro testing of antifolate inhibitors of human cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Chem Med Chem. 2015;10(3):490\u2013497.","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201500028"},{"issue":"14","key":"8044_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.13455","volume":"593","author":"E Scaletti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scaletti E, Jemth AS, Helleday T, Stenmark P. Structural basis of inhibition of the human serine hydroxymethyltransferase SHMT2 by antifolate drugs. FEBS Lett. 2019;593(14):1863\u201373.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.13774","volume":"97","author":"Y Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han Y, He L, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Pan Y, Fang B, Li S, Zhang JZH, Zhang L. Identification of three new compounds that directly target human serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2021;97(2):221\u201330.","journal-title":"Chem Biol Drug Des"},{"key":"8044_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.109028","volume":"165","author":"HMB Akram","year":"2025","unstructured":"Akram HMB, Liu Y, Dong J, Zhao X, Wang L, Zhao W, Liu H, Ma L, Han C. Discovery of W478, a novel SHMT2 inhibitor for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma. Bioorg Chem. 2025;165:109028.","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-19-0037","volume":"18","author":"AS Dekhne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dekhne AS, Shah K, Ducker GS, Katinas JM, Wong-Roushar J, Nayeen MJ, Doshi A, Ning C, Bao X, Fruhauf J, et al. Novel Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine Compounds Target Mitochondrial and Cytosolic One-carbon Metabolism with Broad-spectrum Antitumor Efficacy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2019;18(10):1787\u201399.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.119.117937","volume":"97","author":"AS Dekhne","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dekhne AS, Ning C, Nayeen MJ, Shah K, Kalpage H, Fruhauf J, Wallace-Povirk A, O\u2019Connor C, Hou Z, Kim S, et al. Cellular Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine Inhibitor Targeting Mitochondrial and Cytosolic One-Carbon Metabolism. Mol Pharmacol. 2020;97(1):9\u201322.","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"16","key":"8044_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11294","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.3c00763","volume":"66","author":"MJ Nayeen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nayeen MJ, Katinas JM, Magdum T, Shah K, Wong JE, O\u2019Connor CE, Fifer AN, Wallace-Povirk A, Hou Z, Matherly LH, et al. Structure-Based Design of Transport-Specific Multitargeted One-Carbon Metabolism Inhibitors in Cytosol and Mitochondria. J Med Chem. 2023;66(16):11294\u2013323.","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1124\/molpharm.124.000912","volume":"106","author":"C O\u2019Connor","year":"2024","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor C, Schneider M, Katinas JM, Nayeen MJ, Shah K, Magdum T, Sharma A, Kim S, Bao X, Li J, et al. Role of Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase in One-Carbon Metabolism and Antitumor Efficacy of Mitochondrial-Targeted Antifolates. Mol Pharmacol. 2024;106(4):173\u201387.","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-20-0480","volume":"20","author":"SL Geeraerts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Geeraerts SL, Kampen KR, Rinaldi G, Gupta P, Planque M, Louros N, Heylen E, De Cremer K, De Brucker K, Vereecke S, et al. Repurposing the Antidepressant Sertraline as SHMT Inhibitor to Suppress Serine\/Glycine Synthesis-Addicted Breast Tumor Growth. Mol Cancer Ther. 2021;20(1):50\u201363.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"8044_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tramonti A, Cuyas E, Encinar JA, Pietzke M, Paone A, Verdura S, Arbusa A, Martin-Castillo B, Giardina G, Joven J, et al. Metformin is a pyridoxal-5\u2032-phosphate (PLP)-competitive inhibitor of SHMT2. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(16).","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164009"},{"issue":"29","key":"8044_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17204","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.29.17204","volume":"270","author":"HK Webb","year":"1995","unstructured":"Webb HK, Matthews RG. 4-Chlorothreonine is substrate, mechanistic probe, and mechanism-based inactivator of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1995;270(29):17204\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"8044_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104349","volume":"25","author":"X Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin X, Li L, Peng Q, Gan C, Gao L, He S, Tan S, Pu W, Liu Y, Gong Y, et al. Glycyrrhetinic acid restricts mitochondrial energy metabolism by targeting SHMT2. iScience. 2022;25(5):104349.","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"8044_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2023.109712","volume":"745","author":"S Maenpuen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maenpuen S, Mee-Udorn P, Pinthong C, Athipornchai A, Phiwkaow K, Watchasit S, Pimviriyakul P, Rungrotmongkol T, Tinikul R, Leartsakulpanich U, et al. Mangiferin is a new potential antimalarial and anticancer drug for targeting serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2023;745:109712.","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"23","key":"8044_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM194806032382301","volume":"238","author":"S Farber","year":"1948","unstructured":"Farber S, Diamond LK. Temporary remissions in acute leukemia in children produced by folic acid antagonist, 4-aminopteroyl-glutamic acid. N Engl J Med. 1948;238(23):787\u201393.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"8044_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2006.09.001","volume":"9","author":"YG Assaraf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Assaraf YG. The role of multidrug resistance efflux transporters in antifolate resistance and folate homeostasis. Drug Resist Updat. 2006;9(4\u20135):227\u201346.","journal-title":"Drug Resist Updat"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02646-y","volume":"11","author":"FR Liberati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liberati FR, Spizzichino S, Di Russo S, Borsatti GE, Riva A, Magnifico MC, Bouzidi A, Giardina G, Arese M, Scribani Rossi C, et al. RNA-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial SHMT2 impairs cancer cell proliferation. Cell Death Discov. 2025;11(1):369.","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.113.055723","volume":"42","author":"LH Matherly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matherly LH, Wilson MR, Hou Z. The major facilitative folate transporters solute carrier 19A1 and solute carrier 46A1: biology and role in antifolate chemotherapy of cancer. Drug Metab Dispos. 2014;42(4):632\u201349.","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-007-9046-2","volume":"26","author":"LH Matherly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Matherly LH, Hou Z, Deng Y. Human reduced folate carrier: translation of basic biology to cancer etiology and therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2007;26(1):111\u201328.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"8044_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.3.607","volume":"137","author":"I Hayashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hayashi I, Sohn KJ, Stempak JM, Croxford R, Kim YI. Folate deficiency induces cell-specific changes in the steady-state transcript levels of genes involved in folate metabolism and 1-carbon transfer reactions in human colonic epithelial cells. J Nutr. 2007;137(3):607\u201313.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"8044_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy238","volume":"100","author":"L Jia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jia L, Zeng Y, Hu Y, Liu J, Yin C, Niu Y, Wang C, Li J, Jia Y, Hong J, et al. Homocysteine impairs porcine oocyte quality via deregulation of one-carbon metabolism and hypermethylation of mitochondrial DNAdagger. Biol Reprod. 2019;100(4):907\u201316.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"8044_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-020518-115206","volume":"7","author":"CE Clare","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clare CE, Brassington AH, Kwong WY, Sinclair KD. One-Carbon Metabolism: Linking Nutritional Biochemistry to Epigenetic Programming of Long-Term Development. Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2019;7:263\u201387.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Anim Biosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"8044_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000001386","volume":"33","author":"G Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang G, Tan J, Guo J, Wu Z, Zhan Q. Exosome-mediated transfer of circ_0063526 enhances cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells via regulating miR-449a\/SHMT2 axis. Anticancer Drugs. 2022;33(10):1047\u201357.","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"8044_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang K, Hu Y, Luo N. ERRalpha activates SHMT2 transcription to enhance the resistance of breast cancer to lapatinib via modulating the mitochondrial metabolic adaption. Biosci Rep. 2020;40(1).","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20192465"},{"issue":"33","key":"8044_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53005","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10415","volume":"7","author":"CC Woo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Woo CC, Chen WC, Teo XQ, Radda GK, Lee PT. Downregulating serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) suppresses tumorigenesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2016;7(33):53005\u201317.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2","key":"8044_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0845-6","volume":"35","author":"JC Garcia-Canaveras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Garcia-Canaveras JC, Lancho O, Ducker GS, Ghergurovich JM, Xu X, da Silva-Diz V, Minuzzo S, Indraccolo S, Kim H, Herranz D, et al. SHMT inhibition is effective and synergizes with methotrexate in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 2021;35(2):377\u201388.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-025-00926-5","volume":"9","author":"H Deng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deng H, Wang Y, Xiao L, Feng M, Dou W, Pan Y. SHMT inhibitor synergizes with 5-Fu to suppress gastric cancer via cell cycle arrest and chemoresistance alleviation. NPJ Precis Oncol. 2025;9(1):135.","journal-title":"NPJ Precis Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8044_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07374-w","volume":"16","author":"X Deng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deng X, Chang L, Tang L, Jiang H, Xu X, Zhang X, Chen J, Dong L, Xu Q, Cao R, et al. Long noncoding RNA GDIL acts as a scaffold for CHAC1 and XRN2 to promote platinum resistance of colorectal cancer through inhibition of glutathione degradation. Cell Death Dis. 2025;16(1):62.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:27:28Z","timestamp":1781648848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":186,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08044-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-5876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-5876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This review article is based on previously published studies, and no new human or animal experiments were conducted by the authors. All participants provided informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors have agreed to publish this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"562"}}