{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:08:01Z","timestamp":1792519681774,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program","award":["QKHJC-ZK[2024]ZD043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QKHJC-ZK[2024]ZD043"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program","award":["QKHJC-ZK[2025]MS473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QKHJC-ZK[2025]MS473"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","award":["2023J06053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J06053"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82101084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China Cultivation Project of Guizhou Medical University","award":["gyfynsfc[2024]-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["gyfynsfc[2024]-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202306310049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202306310049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Transl Med"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:44:30Z","timestamp":1784634270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effectiveness of a heparin-like glycosaminoglycan from snail mucus in a murine model of dry eye"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3843-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shangkun","family":"Ou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisha","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiurong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueer","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2885-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"8609_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008","volume":"15","author":"JP Craig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, Caffery B, Dua HS, Joo CK, Liu Z, Nelson JD, Nichols JJ, Tsubota K, Stapleton F. TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Report. Ocul Surf. 2017;15:276\u201383.","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"8609_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2157477","volume":"55","author":"J Sheppard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sheppard J, Shen Lee B, Periman LM. Dry eye disease: identification and therapeutic strategies for primary care clinicians and clinical specialists. Ann Med. 2023;55:241\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"8609_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000643","volume":"46","author":"K Tsubota","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsubota K, Yokoi N, Watanabe H, Dogru M, Kojima T, Yamada M, Kinoshita S, Kim HM, Tchah HW, Hyon JY, et al. A New Perspective on Dry Eye Classification: Proposal by the Asia Dry Eye Society. Eye Contact Lens. 2020;46(Suppl 1):S2\u201313.","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"8609_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2024.02.001","volume":"4","author":"Y Niu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Niu Y, Ji J, Yao K, Fu Q. Regenerative treatment of ophthalmic diseases with stem cells: Principles, progress, and challenges. Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res. 2024;4:52\u201364.","journal-title":"Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res"},{"key":"8609_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2022.106206","volume":"175","author":"HB Mohamed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohamed HB, Abd El-Hamid BN, Fathalla D, Fouad EA. Current trends in pharmaceutical treatment of dry eye disease: A review. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2022;175:106206.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114582","volume":"191","author":"N Nagai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nagai N, Otake H. Novel drug delivery systems for the management of dry eye. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;191:114582.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"8609_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110464","volume":"258","author":"NF Karakuyu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Karakuyu NF, Kaya MN, Usta Sofu G, Sarman E. Healing effect of homeopathic drug Theranekron in an alkaline-induced corneal injury model in rats. Exp Eye Res. 2025;258:110464.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"8609_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2020.07.02","volume":"13","author":"SY Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi SY, Eom Y, Kim JY, Jang DH, Song JS, Kim HM. Effect of natural extract eye drops in dry eye disease rats. Int J Ophthalmol. 2020;13:1023\u201330.","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"8609_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35907-4","volume":"14","author":"T Deng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deng T, Gao D, Song X, Zhou Z, Zhou L, Tao M, Jiang Z, Yang L, Luo L, Zhou A, et al. A natural biological adhesive from snail mucus for wound repair. Nat Commun. 2023;14:396.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"8609_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.128878","volume":"258","author":"K Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu K, Zhang Z, Li G, Sun J, Gu T, Ain NU, Zhang X, Li D. Extraction, structure, pharmacological activities and applications of polysaccharides and proteins isolated from snail mucus. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;258:128878.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"8609_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.10.091","volume":"181","author":"J Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu J, Zhou L, He Z, Gao N, Shang F, Xu J, Li Z, Yang Z, Wu M, Zhao J. Structural analysis and biological activity of a highly regular glycosaminoglycan from Achatina fulica. Carbohydr Polym. 2018;181:433\u201341.","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"8609_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-4682rev","volume":"20","author":"KR Taylor","year":"2006","unstructured":"Taylor KR, Gallo RL. Glycosaminoglycans and their proteoglycans: host-associated molecular patterns for initiation and modulation of inflammation. Faseb j. 2006;20:9\u201322.","journal-title":"Faseb j"},{"key":"8609_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2011.02.007","volume":"62","author":"JH Oh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Oh JH, Kim YK, Jung JY, Shin JE, Kim KH, Cho KH, Eun HC, Chung JH. Intrinsic aging- and photoaging-dependent level changes of glycosaminoglycans and their correlation with water content in human skin. J Dermatol Sci. 2011;62:192\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116682","volume":"247","author":"Y Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu Y, Zhou Z, Luo L, Tao M, Chang X, Yang L, Huang X, Hu L, Wu M. A non-anticoagulant heparin-like snail glycosaminoglycan promotes healing of diabetic wound. Carbohydr Polym. 2020;247:116682.","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"8609_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12370","volume":"23","author":"U Anderegg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anderegg U, Simon JC, Averbeck M. More than just a filler - the role of hyaluronan for skin homeostasis. Exp Dermatol. 2014;23:295\u2013303.","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"8609_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19578-6","volume":"8","author":"K Shinomiya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shinomiya K, Ueta M, Kinoshita S. A new dry eye mouse model produced by exorbital and intraorbital lacrimal gland excision. Sci Rep. 2018;8:1483.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"8609_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2023.100414","volume":"4","author":"H Fujii","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fujii H, Saeki K, Hoshi S, Kadoya Y, Oshika T, Yokomizo T. Robust and Objective Evaluation of Superficial Punctate Keratopathy in a Murine Dry Eye Model. Ophthalmol Sci. 2024;4:100414.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204479","volume":"15","author":"M Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie M, Wang H, Gao T, Peng J, Meng P, Zhang X, Guo D, Liu G, Shi J, Peng Q. The protective effect of luteolin on the depression-related dry eye disorder through Sirt1\/NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 pathway. Aging. 2023;15:261\u201375.","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"8609_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2023.08.003","volume":"193","author":"S Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin S, Cai M, Zhang L, Mao Y, Wu H, Liu X, Li Y, Liang M, Cheng X, Yu F, et al. Limbal Stem Cell Dysfunction Induced by Severe Dry Eye via Activation of the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Am J Pathol. 2023;193:1863\u201378.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"8609_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.06.110","volume":"24","author":"I Miller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miller I, Min M, Yang C, Tian C, Gookin S, Carter D, Spencer SL. Ki67 is a Graded Rather than a Binary Marker of Proliferation versus Quiescence. Cell Rep. 2018;24:1105\u20131112.e5.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"8609_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23557","volume":"59","author":"A Richardson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Richardson A, Park M, Watson SL, Wakefield D, Di Girolamo N. Visualizing the Fate of Transplanted K14-Confetti Corneal Epithelia in a Mouse Model of Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:1630\u201340.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.03.003","volume":"14","author":"AF Ablamowicz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ablamowicz AF, Nichols JJ. Ocular Surface Membrane-Associated Mucins. Ocul Surf. 2016;14:331\u201341.","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"8609_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2417-5_41","volume":"350","author":"PN Dilly","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dilly PN. Structure and function of the tear film. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1994;350:239\u201347.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013108","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.103.013108","volume":"103","author":"A Choudhury","year":"2021","unstructured":"Choudhury A, Dey M, Dixit HN, Feng JJ. Tear-film breakup: The role of membrane-associated mucin polymers. Phys Rev E. 2021;103:013108.","journal-title":"Phys Rev E"},{"key":"8609_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108206","volume":"200","author":"WW Kao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kao WW. Keratin expression by corneal and limbal stem cells during development. Exp Eye Res. 2020;200:108206.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"8609_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0685","volume":"49","author":"S Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li S, Nikulina K, DeVoss J, Wu AJ, Strauss EC, Anderson MS, McNamara NA. Small proline-rich protein 1B (SPRR1B) is a biomarker for squamous metaplasia in dry eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:34\u201341.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2005.02.016","volume":"81","author":"U Schl\u00f6tzer-Schrehardt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schl\u00f6tzer-Schrehardt U, Kruse FE. Identification and characterization of limbal stem cells. Exp Eye Res. 2005;81:247\u201364.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"8609_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2004-0093","volume":"23","author":"CS de Paiva","year":"2005","unstructured":"de Paiva CS, Chen Z, Corrales RM, Pflugfelder SC, Li DQ. ABCG2 transporter identifies a population of clonogenic human limbal epithelial cells. Stem Cells. 2005;23:63\u201373.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"8609_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polisetti N, Schlunck G, Reinhard T. PAX6 expression patterns in the adult human limbal stem cell niche. Cells. 2023;12:400.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030400"},{"key":"8609_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2022.08.006","volume":"491","author":"SS Sunny","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sunny SS, Lachova J, Dupacova N, Kozmik Z. Multiple roles of Pax6 in postnatal cornea development. Dev Biol. 2022;491:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401646","volume":"194","author":"G Germena","year":"2015","unstructured":"Germena G, Volmering S, Sohlbach C, Zarbock A. Mutation in the CD45 inhibitory wedge modulates integrin activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. J Immunol. 2015;194:728\u201338.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8609_CR32","first-page":"250","volume":"67","author":"M Zemba","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zemba M, Ionescu MA, P\u00eervulescu RA, Dumitrescu OM, Daniel-Constantin B, Radu M, Stamate AC, Istrate S. Biomarkers of ocular allergy and dry eye disease. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2023;67:250\u20139.","journal-title":"Rom J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"8609_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-024-0921-5_2","volume":"941","author":"AS Yazdi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yazdi AS, Ghoreschi K. The Interleukin-1 Family. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;941:21\u20139.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-013-0633-0","volume":"62","author":"H Zelov\u00e1","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zelov\u00e1 H, Ho\u0161ek J. TNF-\u03b1 signalling and inflammation: interactions between old acquaintances. Inflamm Res. 2013;62:641\u201351.","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"8609_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a016295","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016295","volume":"6","author":"T Tanaka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tanaka T, Narazaki M, Kishimoto T. IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014;6:a016295.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-54090-0_7","volume":"62","author":"A Dos Anjos Cassado","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dos Anjos Cassado A. F4\/80 as a Major Macrophage Marker: The Case of the Peritoneum and Spleen. Results Probl Cell Differ. 2017;62:161\u201379.","journal-title":"Results Probl Cell Differ"},{"key":"8609_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01668-x","volume":"36","author":"MH Goldstein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goldstein MH, Silva FQ, Blender N, Tran T, Vantipalli S. Ocular benzalkonium chloride exposure: problems and solutions. Eye (Lond). 2022;36:361\u20138.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"8609_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.31348\/2020\/29","volume":"77","author":"M Zemanov\u00e1","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zemanov\u00e1 M. DRY EYE DISEASE. A REVIEW. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2021;77:107\u201319.","journal-title":"Cesk Slov Oftalmol"},{"key":"8609_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang M, Tian X, Wu Y, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zheng X, Ou S, Gu H. Establishment of a mouse model of aqueous deficiency dry eye. J Vis Exp. 2024.","DOI":"10.3791\/67317"},{"key":"8609_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.07.002","volume":"49","author":"AV Ljubimov","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ljubimov AV, Saghizadeh M. Progress in corneal wound healing. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2015;49:17\u201345.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"8609_CR41","first-page":"168","volume":"12","author":"R Belvedere","year":"2018","unstructured":"Belvedere R, Bizzarro V, Parente L, Petrella F, Petrella A. Effects of Prisma\u00ae Skin dermal regeneration device containing glycosaminoglycans on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Cell Adh Migr. 2018;12:168\u201383.","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr"},{"key":"8609_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.05.016","volume":"83","author":"DH Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee DH, Oh JH, Chung JH. Glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan in skin aging. J Dermatol Sci. 2016;83:174\u201381.","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.18433\/J3K89D","volume":"18","author":"MG Neuman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neuman MG, Nanau RM, Oru\u00f1a-Sanchez L, Coto G. Hyaluronic acid and wound healing. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2015;18:53\u201360.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR44","first-page":"1825","volume":"34","author":"W Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen W, Shi XL, He XH, Mao YH, Li C, Dong N. Loteprednol combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of dry eye disease and its effect on TNF-\u03b1 and CXCL10 in tears. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2020;34:1825\u20139.","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"8609_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581809337738","volume":"28","author":"LC Becker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Becker LC, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Marks JG Jr., Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Andersen FA. Final report of the safety assessment of hyaluronic acid, potassium hyaluronate, and sodium hyaluronate. Int J Toxicol. 2009;28:5\u201367.","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"key":"8609_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo Y, Wang H. Sodium hyaluronate promotes proliferation, autophagy, and migration of corneal epithelial cells by downregulating miR-18a in the course of corneal epithelial injury. Eur J Histochem. 2023;67:3663.","DOI":"10.4081\/ejh.2023.3663"},{"key":"8609_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-20-695","volume":"9","author":"Y Wen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wen Y, Zhang X, Chen M, Han D. Sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of dry eye after cataract surgery: a meta-analysis. Ann Palliat Med. 2020;9:927\u201339.","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"8609_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(200003)182:3<311::AID-JCP1>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"182","author":"T Scholzen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scholzen T, Gerdes J. The Ki-67 protein: from the known and the unknown. J Cell Physiol. 2000;182:311\u201322.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"8609_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakravarti S, Chen B, Mi S, Wright B, Connon CJ. Investigation of K14\/K5 as a stem cell marker in the limbal region of the bovine cornea. PLoS One. 2010;5:e13192.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013192"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"8609_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.107.2.401","volume":"107","author":"N Flint","year":"1994","unstructured":"Flint N, Cove FL, Evans GS. Heparin stimulates the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells in primary culture. J Cell Sci. 1994;107(Pt 2):401\u201311.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.90.2.372","volume":"90","author":"JJ Castellot Jr","year":"1981","unstructured":"Castellot JJ Jr., Addonizio ML, Rosenberg R, Karnovsky MJ. Cultured endothelial cells produce a heparinlike inhibitor of smooth muscle cell growth. J Cell Biol. 1981;90:372\u20139.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6138","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.18.6138","volume":"82","author":"AB Schreiber","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schreiber AB, Kenney J, Kowalski WJ, Friesel R, Mehlman T, Maciag T. Interaction of endothelial cell growth factor with heparin: characterization by receptor and antibody recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985;82:6138\u201342.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"8609_CR53","first-page":"240","volume":"12","author":"DM Ornitz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ornitz DM, Yayon A, Flanagan JG, Svahn CM, Levi E, Leder P. Heparin is required for cell-free binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to a soluble receptor and for mitogenesis in whole cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1992;12:240\u20137.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"8609_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34128","volume":"100","author":"MA Princz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Princz MA, Sheardown H. Heparin-modified dendrimer crosslinked collagen matrices for the delivery of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2012;100:1929\u201337.","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res A"},{"key":"8609_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5630","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5158","volume":"51","author":"R Yoshioka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshioka R, Shiraishi A, Kobayashi T, Morita S, Hayashi Y, Higashiyama S, Ohashi Y. Corneal epithelial wound healing impaired in keratinocyte-specific HB-EGF-deficient mice in vivo and in vitro. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010;51:5630\u20139.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"8609_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2011.25.3562","volume":"25","author":"T Ogawa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ogawa T, Shimizu S, Tojima I, Kouzaki H, Shimizu T. Heparin inhibits mucus hypersecretion in airway epithelial cells. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2011;25:69\u201374.","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"key":"8609_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-011-1078-9","volume":"360","author":"Q Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li Q, Lei RX, Zhou XD, Kolosov VP, Perelman JM. Regulation of PMA-induced MUC5AC expression by heparin in human bronchial epithelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2012;360:383\u201391.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"8609_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R17","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-21-0083","volume":"29","author":"CA Dreyer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dreyer CA, VanderVorst K, Free S, Rowson-Hodel A, Carraway KL. The role of membrane mucin MUC4 in breast cancer metastasis. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2021;29:R17\u201332.","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"8609_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8821610","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8821610","volume":"2023","author":"Y Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng Y, Zhou M, Yang H, Qu R, Qiu Y, Hao J, Bi H, Guo D. Regulatory Mechanism of M1\/M2 Macrophage Polarization in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm. 2023;2023:8821610.","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"8609_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6425","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26429","volume":"233","author":"A Shapouri-Moghaddam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shapouri-Moghaddam A, Mohammadian S, Vazini H, Taghadosi M, Esmaeili SA, Mardani F, Seifi B, Mohammadi A, Afshari JT, Sahebkar A. Macrophage plasticity, polarization, and function in health and disease. J Cell Physiol. 2018;233:6425\u201340.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"8609_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2022.0133","volume":"39","author":"VL Perez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perez VL, Mah FS, Willcox M, Pflugfelder S. Anti-Inflammatories in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Review. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2023;39:89\u2013101.","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"8609_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161747","volume":"74","author":"TM Handel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Handel TM, Johnson Z, Crown SE, Lau EK, Proudfoot AE. Regulation of protein function by glycosaminoglycans\u2013as exemplified by chemokines. Annu Rev Biochem. 2005;74:385\u2013410.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"8609_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00483","volume":"11","author":"H Crijns","year":"2020","unstructured":"Crijns H, Vanheule V, Proost P. Targeting Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interactions to Inhibit Inflammation. Front Immunol. 2020;11:483.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Translational Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T09:02:33Z","timestamp":1786093353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-026-08609-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-5876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-5876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study received approval from the Animal Care Welfare Committee of Guizhou Medical University (No. 2201536), adhering to the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology standards for the use of animals in ophthalmic research.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We thank Dr. Shiyan Cao (Department of Ophthalmology, the Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital) and Ms. Yuchong Feng (Xiamen University) for their assistance during the peer review of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1012"}}