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These parameters were evaluated for each bone unit yielding a score from 0 to 7 and summed up as RAI-CROMRIS including all bone units. We assessed clinical disease activity using a physician global assessment (PGA) and radiological findings in 76 treatment-na\u00efve patients; 46 of 76 were evaluated at 6 and 12\u2009months after initial WB-MRI. Quantitative variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test for unmatched groups and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired groups. Correlation was evaluated using Spearman\u2019s rank coefficient (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant correlation between RAI-CROMRIS and PGA (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.32;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0055), between RAI-CROMRIS and presence of elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013) and C-reactive protein (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0001) at baseline. The RAI-CROMRIS decreased from a median of 17 at baseline to 12 at 6\u2009months (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) and remained stable (median 11) at 12\u2009months. A correlation between the RAI-CROMRIS and the PGA was observed at baseline (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.41;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004) and during follow up at 6\u2009months (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.33;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025) and 12\u2009months (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.38;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010). The baseline RAI-CROMRIS (median 20) was significantly higher in patients who subsequently received bisphosphonates than in patients who received other treatments (median 12) and decreased significantly after bisphosphonates (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RAI-CROMRIS was correlated with clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity showing significant short-term changes following treatment with bisphosphonates. This tool could be used in clinical practice and clinical trials after validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-021-00620-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T05:02:42Z","timestamp":1628917362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Assessment of disease activity using a whole-body MRI derived radiological activity index in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Capponi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Pires Marafon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaminia","family":"Rivosecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongdong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Pardeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Messia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tanturri de Horatio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Tom\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"De Benedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Insalaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"620_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2013.05.002","volume":"39","author":"SM Stern","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stern SM, Ferguson PJ. 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