{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:58:48Z","timestamp":1789001928053,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211030\/Z\/18\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211030\/Z\/18\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC_UU_00011\/5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC_UU_00011\/5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Rheumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There is growing concern about the long-term cardiovascular health of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In this study we assessed the association between JIA polygenic risk and cardiovascular phenotypes (cardiovascular risk factors, early atherosclerosis\/arteriosclerosis markers, and cardiac structure and function measures) early in life.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>JIA polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were constructed for 2,815 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, using the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) weights from the most recent JIA genome wide association study. The association between JIA PRSs and cardiovascular phenotypes at age 24\u00a0years was assessed using linear and logistic regression. For outcomes with strong evidence of association, further analysis was undertaken to examine how early in life (from age seven onwards) these associations manifest.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The JIA PRS was associated with diastolic blood pressure (\u03b2 0.062, 95% CI 0.026 to 0.099, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), insulin (\u03b2 0.050, 95% CI 0.011 to 0.090, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013), insulin resistance index (HOMA2_IR, \u03b2 0.054, 95% CI 0.014 to 0.095, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), log hsCRP (\u03b2 0.053, 95% CI 0.011 to 0.095, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), waist circumference (\u03b2 0.041, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.075, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017), fat mass index (\u03b2 0.049, 95% CI 0.016 to 0.083, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) and body mass index (\u03b2 0.046, 95% CI 0.011 to 0.081, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010). For anthropometric measures and diastolic blood pressure, there was suggestive evidence of association with JIA PRS from age seven years. The findings were consistent across multiple sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Genetic liability to JIA is associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, supporting the hypothesis of increased cardiovascular risk in JIA. Our findings suggest that cardiovascular risk is a core feature of JIA, rather than secondary to the disease activity\/treatment, and that cardiovascular risk counselling should form part of patient care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T08:08:47Z","timestamp":1668845327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Juvenile idiopathic arthritis polygenic risk scores are associated with cardiovascular phenotypes in early adulthood: a phenome-wide association study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7385-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah L. N.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma C.","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayleigh E.","family":"Easey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alun D.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athimalaipet V.","family":"Ramanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline L.","family":"Relton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2013.09.003","volume":"81","author":"S Thierry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thierry S, Fautrel B, Lemelle I, Guillemin F. Prevalence and incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review. Joint Bone Spine. 2014;81(2):112\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2013.09.003.","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"760_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.05.007","volume":"47","author":"SJW Shoop-Worrall","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shoop-Worrall SJW, Kearsley-Fleet L, Thomson W, Verstappen SMM, Hyrich KL. How common is remission in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2017;47(3):331\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.05.007.","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"760_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv337","volume":"44","author":"CW Tsao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsao CW, Vasan RS. Cohort profile: the Framingham Heart Study (FHS): overview of milestones in cardiovascular epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol. 2015;44(6):1800\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyv337.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"760_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00016","volume":"6","author":"AW Aday","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aday AW, Ridker PM. Targeting residual inflammatory risk: a shifting paradigm for atherosclerotic disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019;6:16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00016.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"760_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367359","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/367359","volume":"2014","author":"J Amaya-Amaya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amaya-Amaya J, Montoya-Sanchez L, Rojas-Villarraga A. Cardiovascular involvement in autoimmune diseases. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:367359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/367359.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"760_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j2099","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2099","volume":"357","author":"J Hippisley-Cox","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Brindle P. Development and validation of QRISK3 risk prediction algorithms to estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2017;357:j2099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j2099.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209775","volume":"76","author":"R Agca","year":"2017","unstructured":"Agca R, Heslinga SC, Rollefstad S, Heslinga M, McInnes B, Peters MJL, et al. EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015\/2016 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(1):17\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209775.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"760_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38216","volume":"65","author":"E Coulson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coulson E, Ng WF, Platt PN, Foster HE. Cardiovascular risk in adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65:S120\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.38216.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"760_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2015.1126345","volume":"45","author":"JH Anderson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anderson JH, Anderson KR, Aulie HA, Crowson CS, Mason TG, Ardoin SP, et al. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and future risk for cardiovascular disease: a multicenter study. Scand J Rheumatol. 2016;45(4):299\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03009742.2015.1126345.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-020-04689-z","volume":"41","author":"KS Hussain","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hussain KS, Gulati R, Satheesh S, Negi VS. Early-onset subclinical cardiovascular damage assessed by non-invasive methods in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: analytical cross-sectional study. Rheumatol Int. 2021;41(2):423\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-020-04689-z.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-012-0496-3","volume":"102","author":"L Breda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Breda L, Di Marzio D, Giannini C, Gaspari S, Nozzi M, Scarinci A, et al. Relationship between inflammatory markers, oxidant-antioxidant status and intima-media thickness in prepubertal children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Res Cardiol. 2013;102(1):63\u201371.","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-020-00448-3","volume":"18","author":"IC Aranda-Valera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aranda-Valera IC, Arias I, de la Rosa R, Roldan-Molina M-A, Torres-Granados C, Patino-Trives A, et al. Subclinical cardiovascular risk signs in adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in sustained remission. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2020;18(1):59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12969-020-00448-3.","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"issue":"12","key":"760_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20613","volume":"63","author":"AP Vlahos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vlahos AP, Theocharis P, Bechlioulis A, Naka KK, Vakalis K, Papamichael ND, et al. Changes in vascular function and structure in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011;63(12):1736\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.20613.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00742-5","volume":"12","author":"CM Lewis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lewis CM, Vassos E. Polygenic risk scores: from research tools to clinical instruments. Genome Med. 2020;12(1):44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-020-00742-5.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"760_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11404","author":"SLN Clarke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clarke SLN, Richmond RC, Zheng J, Spiller W, Ramanan AV, Sharp GC, et al. Examining health outcomes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a genetic epidemiology study. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr2.11404.","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys064","volume":"42","author":"A Boyd","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boyd A, Golding J, Macleod J, Lawlor DA, Fraser A, Henderson J, et al. Cohort profile: the \u2019children of the 90s\u2019\u2013the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(1):111\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dys064.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys066","volume":"42","author":"A Fraser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fraser A, Macdonald-Wallis C, Tilling K, Boyd A, Golding J, Davey Smith G, et al. Cohort profile: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2013;42(1):97\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dys066.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"760_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15132.1","volume":"4","author":"K Northstone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Northstone K, Lewcock M, Groom A, Boyd A, Macleod J, Timpson N, et al. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): an update on the enrolled sample of index children in 2019. Wellcome Open Res. 2019;4:51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15132.1.","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"key":"760_CR19","unstructured":"Avon Longitundinal Study of Parents and Children. Web site: http:\/\/www.bristol.ac.uk\/alspac\/researchers\/our-data\/. Accessed 26 Oct 26\u00a02021."},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","volume":"42","author":"PA Harris","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2013a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010.","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"4","key":"760_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy060","volume":"47","author":"AE Taylor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taylor AE, Jones HJ, Sallis H, Euesden J, Stergiakouli E, Davies NM, et al. Exploring the association of genetic factors with participation in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(4):1207\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyy060.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"760_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218481","author":"E Lopez-Isac","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopez-Isac E, Smith SL, Marion MC, Wood A, Sudman M, Yarwood A, et al. Combined genetic analysis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis clinical subtypes identifies novel risk loci, target genes and key regulatory mechanisms. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218481.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"760_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"\u00a0Choi SW, O'Reilly PF. PRSice-2: polygenic risk score software for biobank-scale data. Gigascience. 2019;8(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gigascience\/giz082","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giz082"},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.11.011","volume":"21","author":"JH Stein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stein JH, Korcarz CE, Hurst RT, Lonn E, Kendall CB, Mohler ER, et al. Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk: a consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiography Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force. Endorsed by the Society for Vascular Medicine. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(2):93\u2013111; quiz 89-90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2007.11.011.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"6","key":"760_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev076","volume":"16","author":"TH Marwick","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marwick TH, Gillebert TC, Aurigemma G, Chirinos J, Derumeaux G, Galderisi M, et al. Recommendations on the use of echocardiography in adult hypertension: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)dagger. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(6):577\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jev076.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"22","key":"760_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","volume":"322","author":"D Levy","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy D, Garrison RJ, Savage DD, Kannel WB, Castelli WP. Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1990;322(22):1561\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"760_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-5-345","volume":"114","author":"MJ Koren","year":"1991","unstructured":"Koren MJ, Devereux RB, Casale PN, Savage DD, Laragh JH. Relation of left ventricular mass and geometry to morbidity and mortality in uncomplicated essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114(5):345\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-114-5-345.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"760_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2005.10.005","volume":"18","author":"RM Lang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography\u2019s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18(12):1440\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2005.10.005.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"760_CR29","unstructured":"Author. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Journal. 2020 Available from: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"760_CR30","unstructured":"Author. RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R. Journal. 2020 Available from: http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/."},{"issue":"3","key":"760_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001526","volume":"17","author":"J Nurnberger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nurnberger J, Dammer S, Opazo Saez A, Philipp T, Schafers RF. Diastolic blood pressure is an important determinant of augmentation index and pulse wave velocity in young, healthy males. J Hum Hypertens. 2003;17(3):153\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001526.","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.019","volume":"180","author":"M Nagano","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nagano M, Nakamura M, Sato K, Tanaka F, Segawa T, Hiramori K. Association between serum C-reactive protein levels and pulse wave velocity: a population-based cross-sectional study in a general population. Atherosclerosis. 2005;180(1):189\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.019.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"760_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217421","volume":"79","author":"R Canovas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Canovas R, Cobb J, Brozynska M, Bowes J, Li YR, Smith SL, et al. Genomic risk scores for juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its subtypes. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(12):1572\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217421.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24091","volume":"61","author":"AO Hersh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hersh AO, von Scheven E, Yazdany J, Panopalis P, Trupin L, Julian L, et al. Differences in long-term disease activity and treatment of adult patients with childhood- and adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61(1):13\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.24091.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30645","volume":"64","author":"LE Schanberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schanberg LE, Sandborg C, Barnhart HX, Ardoin SP, Yow E, Evans GW, et al. Use of atorvastatin in systemic lupus erythematosus in children and adolescents. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(1):285\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.30645.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"760_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202315","volume":"73","author":"SP Ardoin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ardoin SP, Schanberg LE, Sandborg CI, Barnhart HX, Evans GW, Yow E, et al. Secondary analysis of APPLE study suggests atorvastatin may reduce atherosclerosis progression in pubertal lupus patients with higher C reactive protein. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(3):557\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202315.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.08.026","volume":"14","author":"ST Chiesa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chiesa ST, Charakida M, Georgiopoulos G, Dangardt F, Wade KH, Rapala A, et al. Determinants of intima-media thickness in the young: the ALSPAC study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14(2):468\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.08.026.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"760_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.91","volume":"9","author":"J Robertson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robertson J, Peters MJ, McInnes IB, Sattar N. Changes in lipid levels with inflammation and therapy in RA: a maturing paradigm. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2013;9(9):513\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.91.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"760_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Behl T, Kaur I, Sehgal A, Zengin G, Brisc C, Brisc MC, et al. The lipid paradox as a metabolic checkpoint and its therapeutic significance in ameliorating the associated cardiovascular risks in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(24). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21249505","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249505"},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90265-b","volume":"44","author":"WB Kannel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kannel WB, Cupples LA, Ramaswami R, Stokes J 3rd, Kreger BE, Higgins M. Regional obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease; the Framingham study. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(2):183\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90265-b.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"760_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-010-9219-y","volume":"34","author":"HH Hermsdorff","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hermsdorff HH, Zulet MA, Puchau B, Martinez JA. Central adiposity rather than total adiposity measurements are specifically involved in the inflammatory status from healthy young adults. Inflammation. 2011;34(3):161\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-010-9219-y.","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"760_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-018-0014-y","volume":"2","author":"A Jagpal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jagpal A, Navarro-Millan I. Cardiovascular co-morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review of risk factors, cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment. BMC Rheumatol. 2018;2:10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41927-018-0014-y.","journal-title":"BMC Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"760_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22932","volume":"69","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Y, Hazlewood GS, Kaplan GG, Eksteen B, Barnabe C. Impact of obesity on remission and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017;69(2):157\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.22932.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"760_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Diaz-Cordoves Rego G, Nunez-Cuadros E, Mena-Vazquez N, Aguado Henche S, Galindo-Zavala R, Manrique-Arija S, et al. Adiposity is related to inflammatory disease activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Clin Med. 2021;10(17). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10173949","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173949"},{"issue":"4","key":"760_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2014.999351","volume":"44","author":"S Schenck","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schenck S, Niewerth M, Sengler C, Trauzeddel R, Thon A, Minden K, et al. Prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol. 2015;44(4):288\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03009742.2014.999351.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"760_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-016-0102-8","volume":"14","author":"GJ Bos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bos GJ, Lelieveld OT, Armbrust W, Sauer PJ, Geertzen JH, Dijkstra PU. Physical activity in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis compared to controls. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2016;14(1):42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12969-016-0102-8.","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"issue":"3","key":"760_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.051904","volume":"193","author":"J Horwood","year":"2008","unstructured":"Horwood J, Salvi G, Thomas K, Duffy L, Gunnell D, Hollis C, et al. IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort. Br J Psychiatry. 2008;193(3):185\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.051904.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"760_CR48","unstructured":"Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Cohort Profile. University of Bristol. Web site: http:\/\/www.bristol.ac.uk\/alspac\/researchers\/cohort-profile\/. Accessed 27 July\u00a02021."}],"container-title":["Pediatric Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T08:20:30Z","timestamp":1668846030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["760"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12969-022-00760-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-0096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-0096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the ALSPAC Ethics and Law Committee and the Local Research Ethics Committees. Consent for biological samples has been collected in accordance with the Human Tissue Act (2004). Informed consent for the use of data collected via questionnaires and clinics was obtained from participants following the recommendations of the ALSPAC Ethics and Law Committee at the time.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consents to participate"}},{"value":"AVR \u2013 has received speaker fees\/honoraria\/consultancy from Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Roche, SOBI, Novartis and UCB. No other disclosures relevant to this article are reported.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"105"}}