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In joints of JIA patients, aggressive phenotypic changes in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of the synovial lining play a key role in inflammation. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in rheumatoid arthritis and JIA, including miR-27a-3p. However, it is not understood if miR-27a-3p, enriched in JIA synovial fluid (SF) and leukocytes, alters FLS function.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Primary JIA FLS cells were transfected with a miR-27a-3p mimic or a negative control microRNA (miR-NC) and stimulated with pooled JIA SF or inflammatory cytokines. Viability and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Proliferation was evaluated using a <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H-thymidine incorporation assay. Cytokine production was assessed by qPCR and ELISA. Expression of TGF-\u03b2 pathway genes was determined using a qPCR array.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>MiR-27a-3p was constitutively expressed in FLS. Overexpression of miR-27a-3p caused increased interleukin-8 secretion in resting FLS, and interleukin-6 was elevated in SF-activated FLS compared to miR-NC. Furthermore, stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines augmented FLS proliferation in miR-27a-3p-transfected FLS relative to miR-NC. Expression of multiple TGF-\u03b2 pathway genes was modulated by overexpression of miR-27a-3p.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>MiR-27a-3p significantly contributes to FLS proliferation and cytokine production, making it a potential candidate for epigenetic therapy that targets FLS in arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-023-00833-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T23:02:31Z","timestamp":1686006151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["MicroRNA-27a-3p enhances the inflammatory phenotype of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Claire H.","family":"Bullock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9298-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"McAlpine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Derfalvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"833_CR1","first-page":"90","volume":"34","author":"K Barut","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barut K, Adrovic A, Sahin S, Kasapcopur O. 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