{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T07:05:14Z","timestamp":1783926314988,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017590","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Essen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Rheumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIAU) frequently follows a chronic and complicated course. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) represent a promising new therapeutic option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retrospective monocentric analysis of 20 children with chronic anterior JIAU treated with tofacitinib (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918), baricitinib (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091) or upadacitinib (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091). Outcome measures: uveitis or arthritis inactivity at any time during follow-up, recurrences after achieving inactivity, sparing of medication, occurrence of new ocular complications, resolution of preexisting macular edema.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients had received methotrexate prior to baseline, and at least two biologics had been ineffective in 18\/20 patients. Whilst receiving JAKi medication, uveitis was inactive in eight patients (anterior chamber cell count\u2009&lt;\u20090.5+) at any time during follow-up (mean 9.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.3 months), but uveitis relapsed in 6 of them subsequently. In 7 patients, treatment was terminated after \u2264\u20091 year due to inadequate response of ocular inflammation. During follow-up, new uveitis-related complications occurred in 7 patients (9 eyes), the most frequent were macular edema (8 eyes of 7 patients), and ocular hypertension (5 eyes of 3 patients). Reduction of concomitant systemic medication was possible in 3\/14 patients. Any reduction of topical steroids during follow-up was possible in 24\/30 eyes, and 23\/30 eyes received a lower dose at the last follow-up than they did at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data show limited effectiveness of JAKi treatment in patients with chronic DMARD-refractory JIAU. The number of patients in whom uveitis quiescence could be observed was low, as was the possibility for reduction of concomitant medication, and the relapse rate was high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-026-01243-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T13:54:56Z","timestamp":1783778096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Janus kinase inhibitors are of limited use in refractory JIA-associated uveitis: retrospective data from a tertiary uveitis center"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9323-6711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karoline","family":"Baquet-Walscheid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0932-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Wortmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4288-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Rothaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Ohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2814-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2422-1943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Windschall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1726-8973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnd","family":"Heiligenhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1243_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2013.791701","volume":"21","author":"A Heiligenhaus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heiligenhaus A, Heinz C, Edelsten C, Kotaniemi K, Minden K. 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