{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T01:34:43Z","timestamp":1788572083385,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021R1A2B5B02001578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A2B5B02001578"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019R1A6A1A03033084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1A6A1A03033084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroinflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The crucial role of type I interferon (IFN-I, IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2) is well known to control central nervous system (CNS) neuroinflammation caused by neurotrophic flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus. However, an in-depth analysis of IFN-I signal-dependent cellular factors that govern CNS-restricted tropism in JEV infection in vivo remains to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Viral dissemination, tissue tropism, and cytokine production were examined in IFN-I signal-competent and -incompetent mice after JEV inoculation in tissues distal from the CNS such as the footpad. Bone marrow (BM) chimeric models were used for defining hematopoietic and tissue-resident cells in viral dissemination and tissue tropism.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The paradoxical and interesting finding was that IFN-I signaling was essentially required for CNS neuroinflammation following JEV inoculation in distal footpad tissue. IFN-I signal-competent mice died after a prolonged neurological illness, but IFN-I signal-incompetent mice all succumbed without neurological signs. Rather, IFN-I signal-incompetent mice developed hemorrhage-like disease as evidenced by thrombocytopenia, functional injury of the liver and kidney, increased vascular leakage, and excessive cytokine production. This hemorrhage-like disease was closely associated with quick viral dissemination and impaired IFN-I innate responses before invasion of JEV into the CNS. Using bone marrow (BM) chimeric models, we found that intrinsic IFN-I signaling in tissue-resident cells in peripheral organs played a major role in inducing the hemorrhage-like disease because IFN-I signal-incompetent recipients of BM cells from IFN-I signal-competent mice showed enhanced viral dissemination, uncontrolled cytokine production, and increased vascular leakage. IFN-I signal-deficient hepatocytes and enterocytes were permissive to JEV replication with impaired induction of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes, and neuron cells derived from both IFN-I signal-competent and -incompetent mice were vulnerable to JEV replication. Finally, circulating CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Ly-6C<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocytes infiltrated into the distal tissues inoculated by JEV participated in quick viral dissemination to peripheral organs of IFN-I signal-incompetent mice at an early stage.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An IFN-I signal-dependent model is proposed to demonstrate how CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Ly-6C<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocytes are involved in restricting the tissue tropism of JEV to the CNS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T13:03:59Z","timestamp":1623762239000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Type I IFN signaling limits hemorrhage-like disease after infection with Japanese encephalitis virus through modulating a prerequisite infection of CD11b+Ly-6C+ monocytes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ajit Mahadev","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Ok","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erdenebelig","family":"Uyangaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bumseok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koanhoi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9243-4268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Kug","family":"Eo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2180_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0714-0","volume":"5","author":"TC Pierson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pierson TC, Diamond MS. The continued threat of emerging flaviviruses. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5(6):796\u2013812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-020-0714-0.","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"2180_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Tripathi A. Recent advances in understanding Japanese encephalitis. F1000Res. 2019;8.","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19693.1"},{"issue":"22","key":"2180_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6622a3","volume":"66","author":"JD Heffelfinger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heffelfinger JD, Li X, Batmunkh N, Grabovac V, Fiorditsa S, Liyanage JB, et al. Japanese encephalitis surveillance and immunization \u2013 Asia and Western Pacific regions, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017;66(22):579\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6622a3.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2180_CR4","unstructured":"Center for disease. West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease cases reported to CDC by state of residence, 1999-2018. (assessed on Sep 20, 2020) http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncdod\/dvbid\/westnile\/sure&control."},{"issue":"3","key":"2180_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328360dd2b","volume":"26","author":"MR Wilson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wilson MR. Emerging viral infections. Curr Opin Neurol. 2013;26(3):301\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328360dd2b.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810372507","volume":"47","author":"T Kimura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kimura T, Sasaki M, Okumura M, Kim E, Sawa H. Flavivirus encephalitis: pathological aspects of mouse and other animal models. Vet Pathol. 2010;47(5):806\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300985810372507.","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"2180_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01467","volume":"10","author":"JY Choi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Choi JY, Kim JH, Hossain FMA, Uyangaa E, Park SO, Kim B, et al. Indispensable role of CX3CR1(+) dendritic cells in regulation of virus-induced neuroinflammation through rapid development of antiviral immunity in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01467.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.013565-0","volume":"91","author":"CJ Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen CJ, Ou YC, Lin SY, Raung SL, Liao SL, Lai CY, et al. Glial activation involvement in neuronal death by Japanese encephalitis virus infection. J Gen Virol. 2010;91(4):1028\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/vir.0.013565-0.","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20474","volume":"55","author":"A Ghoshal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ghoshal A, Das S, Ghosh S, Mishra MK, Sharma V, Koli P, et al. Proinflammatory mediators released by activated microglia induces neuronal death in Japanese encephalitis. Glia. 2007;55(5):483\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.20474.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"9","key":"2180_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000437","volume":"3","author":"D Ghosh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ghosh D, Basu A. Japanese encephalitis-a pathological and clinical perspective. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(9):e437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000437.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2180_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang ZY, Zhen ZD, Fan DY, Qin CF, Han DS, Zhou HN, et al. Axl deficiency promotes the neuroinvasion of Japanese encephalitis virus by enhancing IL-1alpha production from pyroptotic macrophages. J Virol. 2020;94(17). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00602-20.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00602-20"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201243152","volume":"43","author":"M Larena","year":"2013","unstructured":"Larena M, Regner M, Lobigs M. Cytolytic effector pathways and IFN-gamma help protect against Japanese encephalitis. Eur J Immunol. 2013;43(7):1789\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.201243152.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0656-x","volume":"13","author":"JH Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim JH, Patil AM, Choi JY, Kim SB, Uyangaa E, Hossain FM, et al. CCR5 ameliorates Japanese encephalitis via dictating the equilibrium of regulatory CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T and IL-17(+)CD4(+) Th17 cells. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13(1):223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-016-0656-x.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"2180_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-012-8333-3","volume":"54","author":"SV Bardina","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bardina SV, Lim JK. The role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of neurotropic flaviviruses. Immunol Res. 2012;54(1-3):121\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12026-012-8333-3.","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2006.11.003","volume":"19","author":"T Saito","year":"2007","unstructured":"Saito T, Gale M Jr. Principles of intracellular viral recognition. Curr Opin Immunol. 2007;19(1):17\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coi.2006.11.003.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"2180_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2018.09.018","volume":"56","author":"M Ugolini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ugolini M, Sander LE. Dead or alive: how the immune system detects microbial viability. Curr Opin Immunol. 2019;56:60\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coi.2018.09.018.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"2180_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.09.013","volume":"20","author":"MU Gack","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gack MU, Diamond MS. Innate immune escape by dengue and West Nile viruses. Curr Opin Virol. 2016;20:119\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.09.013.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"key":"2180_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2014.12.001","volume":"11","author":"HM Lazear","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lazear HM, Diamond MS. New insights into innate immune restriction of West Nile virus infection. Curr Opin Virol. 2015;11:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2014.12.001.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2180_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101664","volume":"207","author":"G Trinchieri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Trinchieri G. Type I interferon: friend or foe? J Exp Med. 2010;207(10):2053\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20101664.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2180_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7186","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00396-11","volume":"85","author":"HM Lazear","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lazear HM, Pinto AK, Vogt MR, Gale M Jr. Diamond MS: beta interferon controls West Nile virus infection and pathogenesis in mice. J Virol. 2011;85(14):7186\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00396-11.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2180_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000607","volume":"5","author":"S Daffis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Daffis S, Suthar MS, Szretter KJ, Gale M Jr, Diamond MS. Induction of IFN-beta and the innate antiviral response in myeloid cells occurs through an IPS-1-dependent signal that does not require IRF-3 and IRF-7. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5(10):e1000607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000607.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003118","volume":"9","author":"HM Lazear","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lazear HM, Lancaster A, Wilkins C, Suthar MS, Huang A, Vick SC, et al. IRF-3, IRF-5, and IRF-7 coordinately regulate the type I IFN response in myeloid dendritic cells downstream of MAVS signaling. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(1):e1003118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003118.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2180_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01448","volume":"10","author":"MH Tsai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tsai MH, Pai LM, Lee CK. Fine-tuning of type I interferon response by STAT3. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01448.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2180_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uehata T, Takeuchi O. RNA recognition and immunity-innate immune sensing and its posttranscriptional regulation mechanisms. Cells. 2020;9(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells9071701.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071701"},{"issue":"12","key":"2180_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002407","volume":"7","author":"AK Pinto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pinto AK, Daffis S, Brien JD, Gainey MD, Yokoyama WM, Sheehan KC, et al. A temporal role of type I interferon signaling in CD8+ T cell maturation during acute West Nile virus infection. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(12):e1002407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002407.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"22","key":"2180_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11557","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05519-11","volume":"85","author":"KJ Szretter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Szretter KJ, Brien JD, Thackray LB, Virgin HW, Cresswell P, Diamond MS. The interferon-inducible gene viperin restricts West Nile virus pathogenesis. J Virol. 2011;85(22):11557\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.05519-11.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002698","volume":"8","author":"KJ Szretter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Szretter KJ, Daniels BP, Cho H, Gainey MD, Yokoyama WM, Gale M Jr, et al. 2\u2019-O methylation of the viral mRNA cap by West Nile virus evades ifit1-dependent and -independent mechanisms of host restriction in vivo. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(5):e1002698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002698.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0748-7","volume":"13","author":"R Lindqvist","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lindqvist R, Mundt F, Gilthorpe JD, Wolfel S, Gekara NO, Kroger A, et al. Fast type I interferon response protects astrocytes from flavivirus infection and virus-induced cytopathic effects. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13(1):277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-016-0748-7.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02463-15","volume":"90","author":"TM Lucas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lucas TM, Richner JM, Diamond MS. The interferon-stimulated gene Ifi27l2a restricts West Nile Virus infection and pathogenesis in a cell-type- and region-specific manner. J Virol. 2015;90(5):2600\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.02463-15.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2180_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004319","volume":"10","author":"YW Han","year":"2014","unstructured":"Han YW, Choi JY, Uyangaa E, Kim SB, Kim JH, Kim BS, et al. Distinct dictation of Japanese encephalitis virus-induced neuroinflammation and lethality via triggering TLR3 and TLR4 signal pathways. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10(9):e1004319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004319.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0438-x","volume":"12","author":"SB Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim SB, Choi JY, Kim JH, Uyangaa E, Patil AM, Park SY, et al. Amelioration of Japanese encephalitis by blockage of 4-1BB signaling is coupled to divergent enhancement of type I\/II IFN responses and Ly-6C(hi) monocyte differentiation. J Neuroinflammation. 2015;12(1):216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-015-0438-x.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0551-5","volume":"13","author":"SB Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim SB, Choi JY, Uyangaa E, Patil AM, Hossain FM, Hur J, et al. Blockage of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulates Japanese encephalitis via enhancement of type I\/II IFN innate and adaptive T-cell responses. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13(1):79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-016-0551-5.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"17","key":"2180_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9285","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.17.9285-9294.2004","volume":"78","author":"RJ Lin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lin RJ, Liao CL, Lin E, Lin YL. Blocking of the alpha interferon-induced Jak-Stat signaling pathway by Japanese encephalitis virus infection. J Virol. 2004;78(17):9285\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.78.17.9285-9294.2004.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2180_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5908","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02714-05","volume":"80","author":"RJ Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin RJ, Chang BL, Yu HP, Liao CL, Lin YL. Blocking of interferon-induced Jak-Stat signaling by Japanese encephalitis virus NS5 through a protein tyrosine phosphatase-mediated mechanism. J Virol. 2006;80(12):5908\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.02714-05.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2180_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ye J, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhao Z, He W, Zohaib A, et al. Japanese encephalitis virus NS5 inhibits type I interferon (IFN) production by blocking the nuclear translocation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and NF-kappaB. J Virol. 2017;91(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00039-17.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00039-17"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900946","volume":"204","author":"D Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou D, Li Q, Jia F, Zhang L, Wan S, Li Y, et al. The Japanese encephalitis virus NS1\u2019 protein inhibits type I IFN production by targeting MAVS. J Immunol. 2020;204(5):1287\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1900946.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3108","volume":"19","author":"H Cho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cho H, Proll SC, Szretter KJ, Katze MG, Gale M Jr, Diamond MS. Differential innate immune response programs in neuronal subtypes determine susceptibility to infection in the brain by positive-stranded RNA viruses. Nat Med. 2013;19(4):458\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3108.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7344","key":"2180_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09907","volume":"472","author":"JW Schoggins","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schoggins JW, Wilson SJ, Panis M, Murphy MY, Jones CT, Bieniasz P, et al. A diverse range of gene products are effectors of the type I interferon antiviral response. Nature. 2011;472(7344):481\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature09907.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"2180_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005256","volume":"11","author":"E Uyangaa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Uyangaa E, Kim JH, Patil AM, Choi JY, Kim SB, Eo SK. Distinct upstream role of type I IFN signaling in hematopoietic stem cell-derived and epithelial resident cells for concerted recruitment of Ly-6Chi monocytes and NK cells via CCL2-CCL3 cascade. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11(11):e1005256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005256.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201948420","volume":"50","author":"JA George","year":"2020","unstructured":"George JA, Park SO, Choi JY, Uyangaa E, Eo SK. Double-faced implication of CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells expanded by acute dengue infection via TLR2\/MyD88 pathway. Eur J Immunol. 2020;50(7):1000\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.201948420.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2180_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5597","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.12.5597-5603.2000","volume":"74","author":"KK Macartney","year":"2000","unstructured":"Macartney KK, Baumgart DC, Carding SR, Brubaker JO, Offit PA. Primary murine small intestinal epithelial cells, maintained in long-term culture, are susceptible to rotavirus infection. J Virol. 2000;74(12):5597\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.74.12.5597-5603.2000.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C990","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00308.2005","volume":"290","author":"S Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu S, Stolz DB, Sappington PL, Macias CA, Killeen ME, Tenhunen JJ, et al. HMGB1 is secreted by immunostimulated enterocytes and contributes to cytomix-induced hyperpermeability of Caco-2 monolayers. Am J Phys Cell Phys. 2006;290(4):C990\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00308.2005.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Cell Phys"},{"key":"2180_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-019-5_13","volume":"633","author":"WC Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li WC, Ralphs KL, Tosh D. Isolation and culture of adult mouse hepatocytes. Methods Mol Biol. 2010;633:185\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-59745-019-5_13.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.02.061","volume":"48","author":"BC Bridges","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bridges BC, Hardison D, Pietsch J. A case series of the successful use of ECMO, continuous renal replacement therapy, and plasma exchange for thrombocytopenia-associated multiple organ failure. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(5):1114\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.02.061.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30163-2","volume":"4","author":"G Latimer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Latimer G, Corriveau C, DeBiasi RL, Jantausch B, Delaney M, Jacquot C, et al. Cardiac dysfunction and thrombocytopenia-associated multiple organ failure inflammation phenotype in a severe paediatric case of COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(7):552\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30163-2.","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30391-8","volume":"18","author":"R Arem","year":"1989","unstructured":"Arem R. Hypoglycemia associated with renal failure. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am. 1989;18(1):103\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30391-8.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"2180_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E309","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1985.248.3.E309","volume":"248","author":"JM Naylor","year":"1985","unstructured":"Naylor JM, Kronfeld DS. In vivo studies of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis in endotoxic shock. Am J Phys. 1985;248(3 Pt 1):E309\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.1985.248.3.E309.","journal-title":"Am J Phys"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"2180_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E16","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1988.254.1.E16","volume":"254","author":"DM Hargrove","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hargrove DM, Bagby GJ, Lang CH, Spitzer JJ. Adrenergic blockade dose not abolish elevated glucose turnover during bacterial infection. Am J Phys. 1988;254(1 Pt 1):E16\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.1988.254.1.E16.","journal-title":"Am J Phys"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"2180_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006970229704","volume":"196","author":"SR Maitra","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maitra SR, Gestring ML, El-Maghrabi MR, Lang CH, Henry MC. Endotoxin-induced alterations in hepatic glucose-6-phospahatase activity and gene expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 1999;196(1\/2):79\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1006970229704.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"2180_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-014-1841-9","volume":"355","author":"A Srikiatkhachorn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Srikiatkhachorn A, Spiropoulou CF. Vascular events in viral hemorrhagic fevers: a comparative study of dengue and hantaviruses. Cell Tissue Res. 2014;355(3):621\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-014-1841-9.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007625","volume":"15","author":"CH Chao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chao CH, Wu WC, Lai YC, Tsai PJ, Perng GC, Lin YS, et al. Dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 activates platelets via Toll-like receptor 4, leading to thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15(4):e1007625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007625.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"21","key":"2180_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-03-900852","volume":"133","author":"Q de Mast","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Mast Q, de Groot PG. Serotonin, key to thrombocytopenia in dengue? Blood. 2019;133(21):2249\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2019-03-900852.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2180_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chanthick C, Suttitheptumrong A, Rawarak N, Pattanakitsakul SN. Transcytosis involvement in transport system and endothelial permeability of vascular leakage during dengue virus infection. Viruses. 2018;10(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v10020069.","DOI":"10.3390\/v10020069"},{"issue":"2","key":"2180_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148564","volume":"11","author":"S Phanthanawiboon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Phanthanawiboon S, Limkittikul K, Sakai Y, Takakura N, Saijo M, Kurosu T. Acute systemic infection with dengue virus leads to vascular leakage and death through tumor necrosis factor-alpha and Tie2\/angiopoietin signaling in mice lacking type I and II interferon receptors. PLoS One. 2016;11(2):e0148564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0148564.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2180_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/mic.10.3-4.247.257","volume":"10","author":"C Daly","year":"2003","unstructured":"Daly C, Rollins BJ. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2) in inflammatory disease and adaptive immunity: therapeutic opportunities and controversies. Microcirculation. 2003;10(3-4):247\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/mic.10.3-4.247.257.","journal-title":"Microcirculation"},{"issue":"12","key":"2180_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2467","volume":"13","author":"AT Satpathy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Satpathy AT, Wu X, Albring JC, Murphy KM. Re(de)fining the dendritic cell lineage. Nat Immunol. 2012;13(12):1145\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.2467.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2180_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00514","volume":"5","author":"P Italiani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Italiani P, Boraschi D. From monocytes to M1\/M2 macrophages: phenotypical vs. functional differentiation. Front Immunol. 2014;5:514.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58644","volume":"122","author":"RM Ransohoff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ransohoff RM, Brown MA. Innate immunity in the central nervous system. J Clin Invest. 2012;122(4):1164\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI58644.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2180_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-270","volume":"9","author":"RL Terry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Terry RL, Getts DR, Deffrasnes C, van Vreden C, Campbell IL, King NJ. Inflammatory monocytes and the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis. J Neuroinflammation. 2012;9:270.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"6","key":"2180_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.05.009","volume":"19","author":"A Grant","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grant A, Ponia SS, Tripathi S, Balasubramaniam V, Miorin L, Sourisseau M, et al. Zika virus targets human STAT2 to inhibit type I interferon signaling. Cell Host Microbe. 2016;19(6):882\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2016.05.009.","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01739-y","volume":"17","author":"D Lux","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lux D, Alakbarzade V, Bridge L, Clark CN, Clarke B, Zhang L, et al. The association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio with 3-month clinical outcome after mechanical thrombectomy following stroke. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17(1):60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-020-01739-y.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.243212","volume":"110","author":"PE Kolattukudy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kolattukudy PE, Niu J. Inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1\/CCR2 pathway. Circ Res. 2012;110(1):174\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.243212.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005201108","volume":"108","author":"N Iijima","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iijima N, Mattei LM, Iwasaki A. Recruited inflammatory monocytes stimulate antiviral Th1 immunity in infected tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(1):284\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1005201108.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2180_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00905","volume":"9","author":"E Uyangaa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uyangaa E, Choi JY, Patil AM, Hossain FMA, Park SO, Kim B, et al. Dual TLR2\/9 recognition of herpes simplex virus infection is required for recruitment and activation of monocytes and NK cells and restriction of viral dissemination to the central nervous system. Front Immunol. 2018;9:905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00905.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.05015-11","volume":"76","author":"JR Tisoncik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tisoncik JR, Korth MJ, Simmons CP, Farrar J, Martin TR, Katze MG. Into the eye of the cytokine storm. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2012;76(1):16\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/MMBR.05015-11.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2180_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2007.10.031","volume":"26","author":"H Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang H, Ma S. The cytokine storm and factors determining the sequence and severity of organ dysfunction in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Am J Emerg Med. 2008;26(6):711\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2007.10.031.","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2180_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz7086","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz7086","volume":"6","author":"Q Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Q, Fang P, He R, Li M, Yu H, Zhou L, et al. O-GlcNAc transferase promotes influenza A virus-induced cytokine storm by targeting interferon regulatory factor-5. Sci Adv. 2020;6:eaaz7086.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2019.19.e31","volume":"19","author":"FMA Hossain","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hossain FMA, Choi JY, Uyangaa E, Park SO, Eo SK. The interplay between host immunity and respiratory viral infection in asthma exacerbation. Immune Netw. 2019;19(5):e31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4110\/in.2019.19.e31.","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2020.06.012","volume":"51","author":"N Roshanravan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roshanravan N, Seif F, Ostadrahimi A, Pouraghaei M, Ghaffari S. Targeting cytokine storm to manage patients with COVID-19: a mini-review. Arch Med Res. 2020;51(7):608\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2020.06.012.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"2180_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2020.20.e28","volume":"20","author":"P Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee P, Kim DJ. Newly emerging human coronaviruses: animal models and vaccine research for SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Immune Netw. 2020;20:e28.","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e672","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000672","volume":"4","author":"GK Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan GK, Ng JK, Trasti SL, Schul W, Yip G, Alonso S. A non mouse-adapted dengue virus strain as a new model of severe dengue infection in AG129 mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010;4(4):e672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000672.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2180_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-017-0625-1","volume":"39","author":"A Srikiatkhachorn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Srikiatkhachorn A, Mathew A, Rothman AL. Immune-mediated cytokine storm and its role in severe dengue. Semin Immunopathol. 2017;39(5):563\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-017-0625-1.","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2180_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002763","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002763","volume":"8","author":"E Kernbauer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kernbauer E, Maier V, Stoiber D, Strobl B, Schneckenleithner C, Sexl V, et al. Conditional Stat1 ablation reveals the importance of interferon signaling for immunity to Listeria monocytogenes infection. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(6):e1002763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002763.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004086","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004086","volume":"10","author":"AK Pinto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pinto AK, Ramos HJ, Wu X, Aggarwal S, Shrestha B, Gorman M, et al. Deficient IFN signaling by myeloid cells leads to MAVS-dependent virus-induced sepsis. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10(4):e1004086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004086.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01161-09","volume":"84","author":"M Laurent-Rolle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laurent-Rolle M, Boer EF, Lubick KJ, Wolfinbarger JB, Carmody AB, Rockx B, et al. The NS5 protein of the virulent West Nile virus NY99 strain is a potent antagonist of type I interferon-mediated JAK-STAT signaling. J Virol. 2010;84(7):3503\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01161-09.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2180_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Best SM. The many faces of the flavivirus NS5 protein in antagonism of type I interferon signaling. J Virol. 2017;91(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.01970-16.","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01970-16"},{"key":"2180_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01045","volume":"10","author":"M Hassert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hassert M, Brien JD, Pinto AK. Mouse models of heterologous flavivirus immunity: a role for cross-reactive T cells. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01045.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2180_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0348-1_24","volume":"1138","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Vasudevan SG. Evaluation of dengue antiviral candidates in vivo in mouse model. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1138:391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-0348-1_24.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0008454","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008454","volume":"14","author":"CN Ma'roef","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma'roef CN, Dhenni R, Megawati D, Fadhilah A, Lucanus A, Artika IM, et al. Japanese encephalitis virus infection in non-encephalitic acute febrile illness patients. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(7):e0008454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008454.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"41","key":"2180_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17453","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017453","volume":"98","author":"Q Feng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Feng Q, Chen Q, Bi X, Yu S, Wang J, Sun X, et al. Severe Japanese encephalitis with multiple intracranial hemorrhages: a case report. Medicine. 2019;98(41):e17453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000017453.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"2180_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"OD10","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/28814.10243","volume":"11","author":"AS Kutiyal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kutiyal AS, Malik C, Hyanki G. Dengue haemorrhagic encephalitis: rare case report with review of literature. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(7):OD10\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/28814.10243.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2180_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-019-2201-x","volume":"13","author":"WS Weerasinghe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weerasinghe WS, Medagama A. Dengue hemorrhagic fever presenting as encephalitis: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2019;13(1):278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-019-2201-x.","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2180_CR83","first-page":"82","volume":"67","author":"R Sarkar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sarkar R, Paul R, Thakur I, Ghosh R, Singh S, Mani A, et al. Encephalitis due to dengue virus infection mimicking Japanese B encephalitis: two case reports. J Assoc Physicians India. 2019;67(4):82\u20134.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroinflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T13:06:26Z","timestamp":1623762386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02180-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-2094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-2094","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were conducted at Jeonbuk National University according to the guidelines set by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUC) of Jeonbuk National University and were pre-approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Experiments of Jeonbuk National University (Permission code 2013\u20130028). The animal research protocol followed the guideline set up by the nationally recognized Korea Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (KALAS). The institutional biosafety committees (IBC) of Jeonbuk National University approved all necessary experimental biosafety protocols.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no commercial or financial conflicts of interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"136"}}