{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:05:59Z","timestamp":1783947959150,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS116990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS116990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroinflammation"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T13:32:03Z","timestamp":1738243923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hyperhomocysteinemia-induced VCID results in visual deficits, reduced neuroinflammation and vascular alterations in the retina"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Erica M.","family":"Weekman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin B.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany L.","family":"Sudduth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna M.","family":"Wilcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"3332_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2024 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer\u2019s & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer\u2019s Association. 2024;20(5):3708\u2009\u2013\u2009821.","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13809"},{"issue":"8","key":"3332_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-02988-7","volume":"30","author":"CR Jack Jr","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jack CR Jr., Andrews SJ, Beach TG, Buracchio T, Dunn B, Graf A, et al. Revised criteria for the diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Med. 2024;30(8):2121\u20134.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3332_CR3","first-page":"100148","volume":"3","author":"S Agrawal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agrawal S, Schneider JA. Vascular pathology and pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Cereb Circ Cogn Behav. 2022;3:100148.","journal-title":"Cereb Circ Cogn Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.227","volume":"9","author":"A London","year":"2013","unstructured":"London A, Benhar I, Schwartz M. The retina as a window to the brain-from eye research to CNS disorders. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013;9(1):44\u201353.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.04.004","volume":"31","author":"J Kur","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kur J, Newman EA, Chan-Ling T. Cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying blood flow regulation in the retina and choroid in health and disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2012;31(5):377\u2013406.","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"3332_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koronyo Y, Biggs D, Barron E, Boyer DS, Pearlman JA, Au WJ et al. Retinal amyloid pathology and proof-of-concept imaging trial in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. JCI Insight. 2017;2(16).","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.93621"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3332_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.020","volume":"54","author":"M Koronyo-Hamaoui","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koronyo-Hamaoui M, Koronyo Y, Ljubimov AV, Miller CA, Ko MK, Black KL, et al. Identification of amyloid plaques in retinas from Alzheimer\u2019s patients and noninvasive in vivo optical imaging of retinal plaques in a mouse model. NeuroImage. 2011;54(Suppl 1):S204\u201317.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-024-02760-8","volume":"148","author":"H Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi H, Mirzaei N, Koronyo Y, Davis MR, Robinson E, Braun GM, et al. Identification of retinal oligomeric, citrullinated, and other tau isoforms in early and advanced AD and relations to disease status. Acta Neuropathol. 2024;148(1):3.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0199-3","volume":"12","author":"M Chiasseu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chiasseu M, Alarcon-Martinez L, Belforte N, Quintero H, Dotigny F, Destroismaisons L, et al. Tau accumulation in the retina promotes early neuronal dysfunction and precedes brain pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2017;12(1):58.","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"3332_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00862","volume":"14","author":"JKH Lim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lim JKH, Li QX, He Z, Vingrys AJ, Chinnery HR, Mullen J, et al. Retinal functional and structural changes in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:862.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-01102-5","volume":"9","author":"M Vandenabeele","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vandenabeele M, Veys L, Lemmens S, Hadoux X, Gelders G, Masin L, et al. The app(NL-G-F) mouse retina is a site for preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis and research. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2021;9(1):6.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-80988-0","volume":"11","author":"JP Vit","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vit JP, Fuchs DT, Angel A, Levy A, Lamensdorf I, Black KL, et al. Color and contrast vision in mouse models of aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease using a novel visual-stimuli four-arm maze. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1255.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"3332_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.01.004","volume":"1","author":"GT Feke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feke GT, Hyman BT, Stern RA, Pasquale LR. Retinal blood flow in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2015;1(2):144\u201351.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (Amst)"},{"issue":"2","key":"3332_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.06.009","volume":"10","author":"CY Cheung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheung CY, Ong YT, Ikram MK, Ong SY, Li X, Hilal S, et al. Microvascular network alterations in the retina of patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc. 2014;10(2):135\u201342.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02134-w","volume":"139","author":"H Shi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shi H, Koronyo Y, Rentsendorj A, Regis GC, Sheyn J, Fuchs DT, et al. Identification of early pericyte loss and vascular amyloidosis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease retina. Acta Neuropathol. 2020;139(5):813\u201336.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"3332_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2022.12.003","volume":"254","author":"LB Eisenmenger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eisenmenger LB, Peret A, Famakin BM, Spahic A, Roberts GS, Bockholt JH, et al. Vascular contributions to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Transl Res. 2023;254:41\u201353.","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3332_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13469","volume":"20","author":"F Abdolahi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdolahi F, Yu V, Varma R, Zhou X, Wang RK, D\u2019Orazio LM, et al. Retinal perfusion is linked to cognition and brain MRI biomarkers in Black americans. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc. 2024;20(2):858\u201368.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"key":"3332_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2019.08.006","volume":"11","author":"ALM Almeida","year":"2019","unstructured":"Almeida ALM, Pires LA, Figueiredo EA, Costa-Cunha LVF, Zacharias LC, Preti RC, et al. Correlation between cognitive impairment and retinal neural loss assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2019;11:659\u201369.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (Amst)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.2021.2040.1","volume":"13","author":"Z Farzinvash","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farzinvash Z, Abutorabi-Zarchi M, Manaviat M, Zare Mehrjerdi H. Retinal ganglion cell complex in Alzheimer Disease: comparing Ganglion Cell Complex and Central Macular Thickness in Alzheimer Disease and healthy subjects using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Basic Clin Neurosci. 2022;13(5):675\u201384.","journal-title":"Basic Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"3332_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.1563","volume":"140","author":"HM Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim HM, Han JW, Park YJ, Bae JB, Woo SJ, Kim KW. Association between Retinal Layer Thickness and Cognitive decline in older adults. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2022;140(7):683\u201390.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13167","volume":"20","author":"FCT van der Heide","year":"2024","unstructured":"van der Heide FCT, Khawaja A, Berendschot T, Littlejohns TJ, Kuzma E, Luben R, et al. Associations of inner retinal layers with risk of incident dementia: an individual participant data analysis of four prospective cohort studies. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc. 2024;20(1):211\u201320.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13442","volume":"20","author":"FCT van der Heide","year":"2024","unstructured":"van der Heide FCT, Steens ILM, Limmen B, Mokhtar S, van Boxtel MPJ, Schram MT, et al. Thinner inner retinal layers are associated with lower cognitive performance, lower brain volume, and altered white matter network structure-the Maastricht Study. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc. 2024;20(1):316\u201329.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc"},{"key":"3332_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nam KY, Lee MW, Jun JH, Sung JY, Kim JY. Different characteristics of retinal damage between chronic hypertension and hypertensive retinopathy. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):18902.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23756-y"},{"key":"3332_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quiroz J, Yazdanyar A. Animal models of diabetic retinopathy. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9(15):1272.","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-6737"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.1","volume":"33","author":"TL Sudduth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sudduth TL, Powell DK, Smith CD, Greenstein A, Wilcock DM. Induction of hyperhomocysteinemia models vascular dementia by induction of cerebral microhemorrhages and neuroinflammation. J Cereb Blood flow Metabolism: Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism. 2013;33(5):708\u201315.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood flow Metabolism: Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism"},{"key":"3332_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.11.024","volume":"341","author":"TL Sudduth","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sudduth TL, Weekman EM, Price BR, Gooch JL, Woolums A, Norris CM, et al. Time-course of glial changes in the hyperhomocysteinemia model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Neuroscience. 2017;341:42\u201351.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"3332_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13279","volume":"290","author":"AD Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith AD, Refsum H. Homocysteine - from disease biomarker to disease prevention. J Intern Med. 2021;290(4):826\u201354.","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3332_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6703061","volume":"22","author":"AD Wright","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wright AD, Martin N, Dodson PM. Homocysteine, folates, and the eye. Eye (Lond). 2008;22(8):989\u201393.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"22","key":"3332_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4234","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.4234","volume":"11","author":"JP Vit","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vit JP, Fuchs DT, Angel A, Levy A, Lamensdorf I, Black KL, et al. Visual-stimuli four-arm maze test to assess cognition and vision in mice. Bio Protoc. 2021;11(22):e4234.","journal-title":"Bio Protoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X211069006","volume":"42","author":"CE Seaks","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seaks CE, Weekman EM, Sudduth TL, Xie K, Wasek B, Fardo DW, et al. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4\/4 genotype limits response to dietary induction of hyperhomocysteinemia and resulting inflammatory signaling. J Cereb Blood flow Metabolism: Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism. 2022;42(5):771\u201387.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood flow Metabolism: Official J Int Soc Cereb Blood Flow Metabolism"},{"issue":"6","key":"3332_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0723","volume":"79","author":"JR Ehrlich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ehrlich JR, Goldstein J, Swenor BK, Whitson H, Langa KM, Veliz P. Addition of Vision Impairment to a life-course model of potentially modifiable dementia risk factors in the US. JAMA Neurol. 2022;79(6):623\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5016","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-55637-x","volume":"14","author":"A Begde","year":"2024","unstructured":"Begde A, Wilcockson T, Brayne C, Hogervorst E. Visual processing speed and its association with future dementia development in a population-based prospective cohort: EPIC-Norfolk. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):5016.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3332_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2015.09.007","volume":"450","author":"TA Ajith","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ajith TA. Ranimenon. Homocysteine in ocular diseases. Clin Chim Acta. 2015;450:316\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(03)00864-X","volume":"137","author":"R Axer-Siegel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Axer-Siegel R, Bourla D, Ehrlich R, Dotan G, Benjamini Y, Gavendo S, et al. Association of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;137(1):84\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31816079fb","volume":"28","author":"O Aydemir","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aydemir O, Turkcuoglu P, Guler M, Celiker U, Ustundag B, Yilmaz T, et al. Plasma and vitreous homocysteine concentrations in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Retina. 2008;28(5):741\u20133.","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"12","key":"3332_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020200097","volume":"109","author":"S Bleich","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bleich S, Junemann A, von Ahsen N, Lausen B, Ritter K, Beck G, et al. Homocysteine and risk of open-angle glaucoma. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002;109(12):1499\u2013504.","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16065-2","volume":"7","author":"X Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang X, Yang Y, Duan Y, Kuang YQ, Lin D. Homocysteine in retinal artery occlusive disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15708.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.07.059","volume":"141","author":"JM Seddon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Seddon JM, Gensler G, Klein ML, Milton RC. Evaluation of plasma homocysteine and risk of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;141(1):201\u20133.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3332_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10536","volume":"54","author":"A Tawfik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tawfik A, Al-Shabrawey M, Roon P, Sonne S, Covar JA, Matragoon S, et al. Alterations of retinal vasculature in cystathionine-Beta-synthase mutant mice, a model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(2):939\u201349.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"3332_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.05.018","volume":"184","author":"A Tawfik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tawfik A, Markand S, Al-Shabrawey M, Mayo JN, Reynolds J, Bearden SE, et al. Alterations of retinal vasculature in cystathionine-beta-synthase heterozygous mice: a model of mild to moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Pathol. 2014;184(9):2573\u201385.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR41","first-page":"1023","volume":"1","author":"A Tawfik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tawfik A, Smith SB. Increased ER stress as a mechanism of retinal neurovasculopathy in mice with severe hyperhomocysteinemia. Austin J Clin Ophthalmol. 2014;1(5):1023.","journal-title":"Austin J Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12368","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12368","volume":"8","author":"EM Weekman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weekman EM, Winder Z, Rogers CB, Abner EL, Sudduth TL, Patel E, et al. Genetic expression changes and pathologic findings associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in human autopsy brain tissue. Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2022;8(1):e12368.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (N Y)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3332_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.02.012","volume":"10","author":"MA Burguillos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Burguillos MA, Svensson M, Schulte T, Boza-Serrano A, Garcia-Quintanilla A, Kavanagh E, et al. Microglia-secreted Galectin-3 acts as a toll-like receptor 4 Ligand and contributes to Microglial activation. Cell Rep. 2015;10(9):1626\u201338.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3332_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00162","volume":"14","author":"M Puigdellivol","year":"2020","unstructured":"Puigdellivol M, Allendorf DH, Brown GC. Sialylation and Galectin-3 in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci. 2020;14:162.","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02589-6","volume":"19","author":"M Tabel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tabel M, Wolf A, Szczepan M, Xu H, Jagle H, Moehle C, et al. Genetic targeting or pharmacological inhibition of galectin-3 dampens microglia reactivity and delays retinal degeneration. J Neuroinflamm. 2022;19(1):229.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"3332_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02759","volume":"10","author":"M Gschwandtner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gschwandtner M, Derler R, Midwood KS. More than just attractive: how CCL2 influences myeloid cell Behavior Beyond Chemotaxis. Front Immunol. 2019;10:2759.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3332_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6010","volume":"52","author":"M Rutar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rutar M, Natoli R, Valter K, Provis JM. Early focal expression of the chemokine Ccl2 by Muller cells during exposure to damage-inducing bright continuous light. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(5):2379\u201388.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"3332_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.03.005","volume":"39","author":"V Chitu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chitu V, Gokhan S, Nandi S, Mehler MF, Stanley ER. Emerging roles for CSF-1 receptor and its ligands in the nervous system. Trends Neurosci. 2016;39(6):378\u201393.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"14","key":"3332_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2402-19.2020","volume":"40","author":"RJ Henry","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henry RJ, Ritzel RM, Barrett JP, Doran SJ, Jiao Y, Leach JB, et al. Microglial depletion with CSF1R inhibitor during chronic phase of experimental traumatic brain Injury reduces neurodegeneration and neurological deficits. J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci. 2020;40(14):2960\u201374.","journal-title":"J Neuroscience: Official J Soc Neurosci"},{"key":"3332_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11499","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11499","volume":"7","author":"G Szalay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szalay G, Martinecz B, Lenart N, Kornyei Z, Orsolits B, Judak L, et al. Microglia protect against brain injury and their selective elimination dysregulates neuronal network activity after stroke. Nat Commun. 2016;7:11499.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3332_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00746-9","volume":"23","author":"KHG Mills","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mills KHG. IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology. Nat Rev Immunol. 2023;23(1):38\u201354.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroinflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T13:32:09Z","timestamp":1738243929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-025-03332-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-2094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-2094","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"23"}}