{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:59:56Z","timestamp":1790258396300,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":83,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chinese Scholarship Council"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K07080 and 25K10399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K07080 and 25K10399"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K27267, 24K21932, 25A302, 25H01309, and 25H01311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K27267, 24K21932, 25A302, 25H01309, and 25H01311"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJFR240F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJFR240F"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroinflammation"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T12:17:30Z","timestamp":1783081050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuron-specific deletion of ADAR1 induces brain malformation and early postnatal lethality"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Todo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuangtong","family":"Vongpipatana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Shibuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Nakahama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3941_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135501","volume":"71","author":"BL Bass","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bass BL. RNA editing by adenosine deaminases that act on RNA. Annu Rev Biochem. 2002;71:817\u201346.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"3941_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060208-105251","volume":"79","author":"K Nishikura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nishikura K. Functions and regulation of RNA editing by ADAR deaminases. Annu Rev Biochem. 2010;79:321\u201349.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"3941_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.242636.118","volume":"29","author":"K Licht","year":"2019","unstructured":"Licht K, Kapoor U, Amman F, Picardi E, Martin D, Bajad P, et al. A high resolution A-to-I editing map in the mouse identifies editing events controlled by pre-mRNA splicing. Genome Res. 2019;29:1453\u201363.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"3941_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1315-y","volume":"18","author":"HT Porath","year":"2017","unstructured":"Porath HT, Knisbacher BA, Eisenberg E, Levanon EY. Massive A-to-I RNA editing is common across the Metazoa and correlates with dsRNA abundance. Genome Biol. 2017;18:185.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.164749.113","volume":"24","author":"L Bazak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bazak L, Haviv A, Barak M, Jacob-Hirsch J, Deng P, Zhang R, et al. A-to-I RNA editing occurs at over a hundred million genomic sites, located in a majority of human genes. Genome Res. 2014;24:365\u201376.","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"3941_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200085","volume":"10","author":"JE Heraud-Farlow","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heraud-Farlow JE, Walkley CR. What do editors do? Understanding the physiological functions of A-to-I RNA editing by adenosine deaminase acting on RNAs. Open Biol. 2020;10:200085.","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2015.07.001","volume":"21","author":"MA Zipeto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zipeto MA, Jiang Q, Melese E, Jamieson CH. RNA rewriting, recoding, and rewiring in human disease. Trends Mol Med. 2015;21:549\u201359.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"3941_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.029","volume":"380","author":"CX George","year":"2008","unstructured":"George CX, Das S, Samuel CE. Organization of the mouse RNA-specific adenosine deaminase Adar1 gene 5\u2019-region and demonstration of STAT1-independent, STAT2-dependent transcriptional activation by interferon. Virology. 2008;380:338\u201343.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"3941_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15020","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500476200","volume":"280","author":"CX George","year":"2005","unstructured":"George CX, Wagner MV, Samuel CE. Expression of interferon-inducible RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1 during pathogen infection and mouse embryo development involves tissue-selective promoter utilization and alternative splicing. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:15020\u20138.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3941_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2015.4","volume":"17","author":"K Nishikura","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nishikura K. A-to-I editing of coding and non-coding RNAs by ADARs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2016;17:83\u201396.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.072728.119","volume":"26","author":"PH Costa Cruz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costa Cruz PH, Kato Y, Nakahama T, Shibuya T, Kawahara Y. A comparative analysis of ADAR mutant mice reveals site-specific regulation of RNA editing. RNA. 2020;26:454\u201369.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"3941_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-016-3091-6","volume":"17","author":"MA Huntley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huntley MA, Lou M, Goldstein LD, Lawrence M, Dijkgraaf GJ, Kaminker JS, et al. Complex regulation of ADAR-mediated RNA-editing across tissues. BMC Genomics. 2016;17:61.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"3941_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201846303","volume":"19","author":"T Nakahama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nakahama T, Kato Y, Kim JI, Vongpipatana T, Suzuki Y, Walkley CR, et al. ADAR1-mediated RNA editing is required for thymic self-tolerance and inhibition of autoimmunity. EMBO Rep. 2018;19:e46303.","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.08.022","volume":"54","author":"T Nakahama","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nakahama T, Kato Y, Shibuya T, Inoue M, Kim JI, Vongpipatana T, et al. Mutations in the adenosine deaminase ADAR1 that prevent endogenous Z-RNA binding induce Aicardi-Goutieres-syndrome-like encephalopathy. Immunity. 2021;54:1976\u201388.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"3941_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24041","volume":"550","author":"MH Tan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tan MH, Li Q, Shanmugam R, Piskol R, Kohler J, Young AN, et al. Dynamic landscape and regulation of RNA editing in mammals. Nature. 2017;550:249\u201354.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3941_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009516","volume":"17","author":"JI Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim JI, Nakahama T, Yamasaki R, Costa Cruz PH, Vongpipatana T, Inoue M, et al. RNA editing at a limited number of sites is sufficient to prevent MDA5 activation in the mouse brain. PLoS Genet. 2021;17:e1009516.","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"3941_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5376","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.10.5376","volume":"15","author":"JB Patterson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Patterson JB, Samuel CE. Expression and regulation by interferon of a double-stranded-RNA-specific adenosine deaminase from human cells: evidence for two forms of the deaminase. Mol Cell Biol. 1995;15:5376\u201388.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(00)00368-1","volume":"258","author":"K Kawakubo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kawakubo K, Samuel CE. Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR1) gene specifies transcripts that initiate from a constitutively active alternative promoter. Gene. 2000;258:165\u201372.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"3941_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7862","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.21.22.7862-7871.2001","volume":"21","author":"H Poulsen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Poulsen H, Nilsson J, Damgaard CK, Egebjerg J, Kjems J. CRM1 mediates the export of ADAR1 through a nuclear export signal within the Z-DNA binding domain. Mol Cell Biol. 2001;21:7862\u201371.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4894","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M311347200","volume":"279","author":"JC Hartner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hartner JC, Schmittwolf C, Kispert A, Muller AM, Higuchi M, Seeburg PH. Liver disintegration in the mouse embryo caused by deficiency in the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:4894\u2013902.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3941_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1017241108","volume":"108","author":"SV Ward","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ward SV, George CX, Welch MJ, Liou LY, Hahm B, Lewicki H, et al. RNA editing enzyme adenosine deaminase is a restriction factor for controlling measles virus replication that also is required for embryogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108:331\u20136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"3941_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4952","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310162200","volume":"279","author":"Q Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang Q, Miyakoda M, Yang W, Khillan J, Stachura DL, Weiss MJ, et al. Stress-induced apoptosis associated with null mutation of ADAR1 RNA editing deaminase gene. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:4952\u201361.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3941_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1765","volume":"290","author":"Q Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang Q, Khillan J, Gadue P, Nishikura K. Requirement of the RNA editing deaminase ADAR1 gene for embryonic erythropoiesis. Science. 2000;290:1765\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3941_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac7049","volume":"349","author":"BJ Liddicoat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liddicoat BJ, Piskol R, Chalk AM, Ramaswami G, Higuchi M, Hartner JC, et al. RNA editing by ADAR1 prevents MDA5 sensing of endogenous dsRNA as nonself. Science. 2015;349:1115\u201320.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3941_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.10.041","volume":"9","author":"NM Mannion","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mannion NM, Greenwood SM, Young R, Cox S, Brindle J, Read D, et al. The RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 controls innate immune responses to RNA. Cell Rep. 2014;9:1482\u201394.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.11.001","volume":"43","author":"K Pestal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pestal K, Funk CC, Snyder JM, Price ND, Treuting PM, Stetson DB. Isoforms of RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 independently control nucleic acid sensor MDA5-driven autoimmunity and multi-organ development. Immunity. 2015;43:933\u201344.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"3941_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03466-2","volume":"77","author":"T Nakahama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakahama T, Kawahara Y. Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in the immune system: friend or foe? Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020;77:2931\u201348.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"3941_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2414","volume":"44","author":"GI Rice","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rice GI, Kasher PR, Forte GM, Mannion NM, Greenwood SM, Szynkiewicz M, et al. Mutations in ADAR1 cause Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome associated with a type I interferon signature. Nat Genet. 2012;44:1243\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3941_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36887","volume":"167A","author":"YJ Crow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crow YJ, Chase DS, Lowenstein Schmidt J, Szynkiewicz M, Forte GM, Gornall HL, et al. Characterization of human disease phenotypes associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR, and IFIH1. Am J Med Genet A. 2015;167A:296\u2013312.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"3941_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1694","volume":"30","author":"C Uggetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Uggetti C, La Piana R, Orcesi S, Egitto MG, Crow YJ, Fazzi E. Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome: neuroradiologic findings and follow-up. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009;30:1971\u20136.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"3941_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1592307","volume":"47","author":"JH Livingston","year":"2016","unstructured":"Livingston JH, Crow YJ. Neurologic phenotypes associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR1, and IFIH1: Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome and beyond. Neuropediatrics. 2016;47:355\u201360.","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"3941_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02646-0","volume":"19","author":"X Guo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guo X, Steinman RA, Sheng Y, Cao G, Wiley CA, Wang Q. An AGS-associated mutation in ADAR1 catalytic domain results in early-onset and MDA5-dependent encephalopathy with IFN pathway activation in the brain. J Neuroinflammation. 2022;19:285.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"3941_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02217-9","volume":"18","author":"X Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo X, Wiley CA, Steinman RA, Sheng Y, Ji B, Wang J, et al. Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome-associated mutation at ADAR1 gene locus activates innate immune response in mouse brain. J Neuroinflammation. 2021;18:169.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"3941_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3016","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100526","volume":"207","author":"M Inoue","year":"2021","unstructured":"Inoue M, Nakahama T, Yamasaki R, Shibuya T, Kim JI, Todo H, et al. An Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome-causative point mutation in Adar1 gene invokes multiorgan inflammation and late-onset encephalopathy in mice. J Immunol. 2021;207:3016\u201327.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"3941_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.07.001","volume":"54","author":"M Maurano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maurano M, Snyder JM, Connelly C, Henao-Mejia J, Sidrauski C, Stetson DB. Protein kinase R and the integrated stress response drive immunopathology caused by mutations in the RNA deaminase ADAR1. Immunity. 2021;54:1948-1960 e1945.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"3941_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112733","volume":"42","author":"X Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo X, Liu S, Sheng Y, Zenati M, Billiar T, Herbert A, et al. ADAR1 Zalpha domain P195A mutation activates the MDA5-dependent RNA-sensing signaling pathway in brain without decreasing overall RNA editing. Cell Rep. 2023;42:112733.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202255835","volume":"24","author":"Z Liang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liang Z, Chalk AM, Taylor S, Goradia A, Heraud-Farlow JE, Walkley CR. The phenotype of the most common human ADAR1p150 Zalpha mutation P193A in mice is partially penetrant. EMBO Rep. 2023;24:e55835.","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2026.117113","volume":"45","author":"H Yoo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Yoo H, Nakahama T, Sugihara R, Gao Y, Ishizawa Y, Yang J, et al. Aberrant multicellular interferon signaling underlies Adar1 mutation-driven Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome-like encephalopathy. Cell Rep. 2026;45:117113.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900929","volume":"204","author":"T Vongpipatana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vongpipatana T, Nakahama T, Shibuya T, Kato Y, Kawahara Y. ADAR1 regulates early T cell development via MDA5-dependent and -independent pathways. J Immunol. 2020;204:2156\u201368.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"3941_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.104840","volume":"299","author":"Y Xing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xing Y, Nakahama T, Wu Y, Inoue M, Kim JI, Todo H, et al. RNA editing of AZIN1 coding sites is catalyzed by ADAR1 p150 after splicing. J Biol Chem. 2023;299:104840.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"3941_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.10.073","volume":"17","author":"K Miyake","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miyake K, Ohta T, Nakayama H, Doe N, Terao Y, Oiki E, et al. CAPS1 RNA editing promotes dense core vesicle exocytosis. Cell Rep. 2016;17:2004\u201314.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3941_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.03.103","volume":"370","author":"K Muramatsu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Muramatsu K, Hashimoto Y, Uemura T, Kunii M, Harada R, Sato T, et al. Neuron-specific recombination by Cre recombinase inserted into the murine tau locus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008;370:419\u201323.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"3869\u20133884","key":"3941_CR43","volume":"83","author":"SB Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu SB, Heraud-Farlow J, Sun T, Liang Z, Goradia A, Taylor S, et al. ADAR1p150 prevents MDA5 and PKR activation via distinct mechanisms to avert fatal autoinflammation. Mol Cell. 2023;83(3869\u20133884):e3867.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"3941_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04896-7","volume":"607","author":"NW Hubbard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hubbard NW, Ames JM, Maurano M, Chu LH, Somfleth KY, Gokhale NS, et al. ADAR1 mutation causes ZBP1-dependent immunopathology. Nature. 2022;607:769\u201375.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3941_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04974-w","volume":"607","author":"R de Reuver","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Reuver R, Verdonck S, Dierick E, Nemegeer J, Hessmann E, Ahmad S, et al. ADAR1 prevents autoinflammation by suppressing spontaneous ZBP1 activation. Nature. 2022;607:784\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3941_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04878-9","volume":"607","author":"H Jiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiao H, Wachsmuth L, Wolf S, Lohmann J, Nagata M, Kaya GG, et al. ADAR1 averts fatal type I interferon induction by ZBP1. Nature. 2022;607:776\u201383.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3941_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5028","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710576105","volume":"105","author":"L Agranat","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agranat L, Raitskin O, Sperling J, Sperling R. The editing enzyme ADAR1 and the mRNA surveillance protein hUpf1 interact in the cell nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:5028\u201333.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"3941_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.03.024","volume":"153","author":"H Ota","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ota H, Sakurai M, Gupta R, Valente L, Wulff BE, Ariyoshi K, et al. ADAR1 forms a complex with Dicer to promote microRNA processing and RNA-induced gene silencing. Cell. 2013;153:575\u201389.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3941_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3403","volume":"24","author":"M Sakurai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sakurai M, Shiromoto Y, Ota H, Song C, Kossenkov AV, Wickramasinghe J, et al. ADAR1 controls apoptosis of stressed cells by inhibiting Staufen1-mediated mRNA decay. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2017;24:534\u201343.","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"key":"3941_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62980","volume":"123","author":"Y Nemlich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nemlich Y, Greenberg E, Ortenberg R, Besser MJ, Barshack I, Jacob-Hirsch J, et al. MicroRNA-mediated loss of ADAR1 in metastatic melanoma promotes tumor growth. J Clin Invest. 2013;123:2703\u201318.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3941_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.12.038","volume":"172","author":"H Chung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chung H, Calis JJA, Wu X, Sun T, Yu Y, Sarbanes SL, et al. Human ADAR1 prevents endogenous RNA from triggering translational shutdown. Cell. 2018;172:811-824 e814.","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroinflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:07:26Z","timestamp":1790255246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03941-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-2094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-2094","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of The University of Osaka (01\u2013063 and 25\u2013002).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"319"}}