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T-cells, which represent the main reservoir for HTLV-1, have been the main focus of studies aimed at understanding viral transmission and disease progression. However, other cell types such as myeloid cells are also target of HTLV-1 infection and display functional alterations as a consequence. In this work, we review the current investigations that shed light on infection, transmission and functional alterations subsequent to HTLV-1 infection of the different myeloid cells types, and we highlight the lack of knowledge in this regard.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-019-0506-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T16:02:42Z","timestamp":1577116962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["HTLV-1 infection of myeloid cells: from transmission to immune alterations"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Brenda","family":"Rocamonde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Auriane","family":"Carcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Mahieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-4302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Dutartre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"506_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00388","volume":"3","author":"A Gessain","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gessain A, Cassar O. 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