{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:40:00Z","timestamp":1782232800370,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["66589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["66589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Retrovirology"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T13:44:25Z","timestamp":1770039865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigation of the expression level of human endogenous retrovirus E env transcript in cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shaghayegh","family":"Jahanshahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahim","family":"Soleimani-Jelodar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Jalilvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zabihollah","family":"Shoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Farahmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Arashkia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayed Mahdi","family":"Marashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"672_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e197","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00501-0","volume":"11","author":"D Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh D, Vignat J, Lorenzoni V, Eslahi M, Ginsburg O, Lauby-Secretan B, et al. Global estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2020: a baseline analysis of the WHO global cervical cancer elimination initiative. Lancet Global Health. 2023;11:e197\u2013206.","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"672_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30716","volume":"141","author":"C de Martel","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J, Franceschi S. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 2017;141:664\u201370.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"672_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019244","volume":"6","author":"SS Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu SS, Chan KYK, Leung RCY, Chan KKL, Tam KF, Luk MHM et al. Prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Southern Chinese women\u2013a population-based study. PLoS ONE. 2011;6:e19244.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"672_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15102210","volume":"15","author":"MI Rodr\u00edguez-\u00c1lvarez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-\u00c1lvarez MI, G\u00f3mez-Urquiza JL, Husein-El Ahmed H, Albend\u00edn-Garc\u00eda L, G\u00f3mez-Salgado J, Ca\u00f1adas-De la Fuente GA. Prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus in male patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15:2210.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"672_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr2545w","volume":"8","author":"H Shigeishi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shigeishi H, Sugiyama MJJ. Risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med Res. 2016;8:721.","journal-title":"J Clin Med Res"},{"key":"672_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu247","volume":"181","author":"DC Beachler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beachler DC, Sugar EA, Margolick JB, Weber KM, Strickler HD, Wiley DJ et al. Risk factors for acquisition and clearance of oral human papillomavirus infection among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2015;181:40\u201353.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"672_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"Y Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao Y, Yu X-F, Chen T. Human endogenous retroviruses in cancer: expression, regulation and function. Oncol Lett. 2021;21:1.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"672_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143513","volume":"13","author":"G Curty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Curty G, Menezes AN, Brant AC, de Mulder Rougvie M, Moreira M\u00c2M, Soares MA. Expression of retroelements in cervical cancer and their interplay with HPV infection and host gene expression. Cancers. 2021;13:3513.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"672_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.09.006","volume":"382","author":"BK Prusty","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prusty BK, zur Hausen H, Schmidt R, Kimmel R, de Villiers E-M. Transcription of HERV-E and HERV-E-related sequences in malignant and non-malignant human Haematopoietic cells. Virology. 2008;382:37\u201345.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"672_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0080","volume":"13","author":"M Gonzalez-Cao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Cao M, Iduma P, Karachaliou N, Santarpia M, Blanco J, Rosell RJC, et al. Human endogenous retroviruses and cancer. Cancer Biol Med. 2016;13:483.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"key":"672_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00059","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00059-23","volume":"97","author":"E Stricker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stricker E, Peckham-Gregory EC, Scheurer ME. CancerHERVdb: human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) expression database for human cancer accelerates studies of the retrovirome and predictions for HERV-based therapies. J Virol. 2023;97:e00059\u201323.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"672_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2142","volume":"30","author":"Z Salavatiha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salavatiha Z, Soleimani-Jelodar R, Jalilvand S. The role of endogenous retroviruses-K in human cancer. Rev Med Virol. 2020;30:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"672_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2021.100936","volume":"44","author":"S Tavakolian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tavakolian S, Goudarzi H, Moridi A, Faghihloo E. Analysing the HERV-K env, np9, rec and gag expression in cervical tissues. New Microb New Infect. 2021;44:100936.","journal-title":"New Microb New Infect"},{"key":"672_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29501","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29501","volume":"96","author":"R Soleimani-Jelodar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Soleimani-Jelodar R, Arashkia A, Shoja Z, Akhavan S, Yarandi F, Sharifian K, et al. The expression analysis of human endogenous retrovirus\u2010K Env, Np9, and rec transcripts in cervical cancer. J Med Virol. 2024;96:e29501.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"672_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02115-07","volume":"82","author":"O Frank","year":"2008","unstructured":"Frank O, Verbeke C, Schwarz N, Mayer J, Fabarius A, Hehlmann, Rd, et al. Variable transcriptional activity of endogenous retroviruses in human breast cancer. J Virol. 2008;82:1808\u201318.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"672_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp1214","volume":"38","author":"J Gimenez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gimenez J, Montgiraud C, Pichon J-P, Bonnaud B, Arsac M, Ruel K, et al. Custom human endogenous retroviruses dedicated microarray identifies self-induced HERV-W family elements reactivated in testicular cancer upon methylation control. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010;38:2229\u201346.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"672_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618542","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1618542","volume":"13","author":"J Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang J, Sun D, Zhan Y, Gao Q, Bao C, Xiang H, et al. The role of HERV envelope protein in ovarian cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025;13:1618542.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"672_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16080988","volume":"16","author":"A Bhagwate","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bhagwate A, Taylor W, Kisiel J, Sun Z. Abnormal ERV expression and its clinical relevance in colon cancer. Genes (Basel). 2025;16:988.","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"672_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-005-1123-8","volume":"24","author":"PC Piotrowski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piotrowski PC, Duriagin S, Jagodzinski PP. Expression of human endogenous retrovirus clone 4\u2009-1 May correlate with blood plasma concentration of anti-U1 RNP and anti-Sm nuclear antibodies. Clin Rheumatol. 2005;24:620\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"672_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4609","DOI":"10.3390\/v6114609","volume":"6","author":"AG Lokossou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lokossou AG, Toudic C, Barbeau B. Implication of human endogenous retrovirus envelope proteins in placental functions. Viruses. 2014;6:4609\u201327.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"672_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.3390\/v7031238","volume":"7","author":"C Le Dantecu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Le Dantec C, Vallet S, Brooks WH, Renaudineau YJV. Human endogenous retrovirus group E and its involvement in diseases. Viruses. 2015;7:1238-57.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"672_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11451","volume":"98","author":"F Wang-Johanning","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang-Johanning F, Frost AR, Jian B, Azerou R, Lu DW, Chen DT, et al. Detecting the expression of human endogenous retrovirus E envelope transcripts in human prostate adenocarcinoma. Cancer. 2003;98:187\u201397.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"672_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1159\/000164053","volume":"64","author":"MA Turbeville","year":"1996","unstructured":"Turbeville MA, Rhodes JC, Hyams DM, Distler CM, Steele PEJP. Expression of a putative immunosuppressive protein in human tumors and tissues. Pathobiology. 1996;64:233\u20138.","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"672_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34409C1","volume":"118","author":"Y Takahashi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Takahashi Y, Harashima N, Kajigaya S, Yokoyama H, Cherkasova E, McCoy JP et al. Regression of human kidney cancer following allogeneic stem cell transplantation is associated with recognition of an HERV-E antigen by T cells. J Clin Investig. 2008;118:1099\u2013109.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"672_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-15-3139","volume":"76","author":"E Cherkasova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cherkasova E, Scrivani C, Doh S, Weisman Q, Takahashi Y, Harashima N, et al. Detection of an Immunogenic HERV-E envelope with selective expression in clear cell kidney cancer. Cancer Res. 2016;76:2177\u201385.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"672_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","volume":"25","author":"KJ Livak","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta delta C(T)) method. Methods. 2001;25:402\u20138.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"672_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1822","volume":"25","author":"J Doorbar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Doorbar J, Egawa N, Griffin H, Kranjec C, Murakami I. Human papillomavirus molecular biology and disease association. Rev Med Virol. 2015;25:2\u201323.","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"672_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.3390\/v7031238","volume":"7","author":"C Le Dantec","year":"2015","unstructured":"Le Dantec C, Vallet S, Brooks W, Renaudineau Y. Human endogenous retrovirus group E and its involvement in diseases. Viruses. 2015;7:1238\u201357.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"672_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zcac001","DOI":"10.1093\/narcan\/zcac001","volume":"4","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xue H, Aglave M, Lain\u00e9 A, Gallopin M, Gautheret D. The contribution of uncharted RNA sequences to tumor identity in lung adenocarcinoma. NAR Cancer. 2022;4:zcac001.","journal-title":"NAR Cancer"},{"key":"672_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-3-12","volume":"3","author":"L Menendez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Menendez L, Benigno BB, McDonald JF. L1 and HERV-W retrotransposons are hypomethylated in human ovarian carcinomas. Mol Cancer. 2004;3:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"672_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34409C1","volume":"118","author":"Y Takahashi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Takahashi Y, Harashima N, Kajigaya S, Yokoyama H, Cherkasova E, McCoy JP, et al. Regression of human kidney cancer following allogeneic stem cell transplantation is associated with recognition of an HERV-E antigen by T cells. J Clin Investig. 2008;118:1099\u2013109.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"672_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021492","volume":"24","author":"J Alldredge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alldredge J, Kumar V, Nguyen J, Sanders BE, Gomez K, Jayachandran K, et al. Endogenous retrovirus RNA expression differences between race, stage and HPV status offer improved prognostication among women with cervical cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24:1492.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"672_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2009.08.006","volume":"448","author":"S Szpakowski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Szpakowski S, Sun X, Lage JM, Dyer A, Rubinstein J, Kowalski D, et al. Loss of epigenetic Silencing in tumors preferentially affects primate-specific retroelements. Gene. 2009;448:151\u201367.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"672_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12565","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1814589115","volume":"115","author":"M Tokuyama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tokuyama M, Kong Y, Song E, Jayewickreme T, Kang I, Iwasaki A. ERVmap analysis reveals genome-wide transcription of human endogenous retroviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2018;115:12565\u201372.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Retrovirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T10:41:22Z","timestamp":1772448082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["672"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12977-025-00672-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Our research was conducted ethically by the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. We declare that informed consent was obtained from all study subjects and the study was approved by the local ethical committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR.TUMS.SPH.REC.1402.054).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"5"}}