{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:01:24Z","timestamp":1793638884525,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>It has been reported that lifestyle factors may affect birth weight; however, few studies have explored the association between lifestyle factors and low birth weight in preterm and term births in China. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of lifestyle on low birth weight in preterm and term births.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This case-control study was conducted in fourteen hospitals in Jiangmen, Guangdong Province. Data were collected from August 2015 to May 2016 using a standard questionnaire. Data were analysed using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Women who delivered preterm and were physically active (1\u20133 times per week and\u2009\u2265\u20094 times per week) had reduced odds of having low birth weight babies (aOR\u2009=\u20090.584, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.394\u20130.867 and, aOR\u2009=\u20090.516, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.355\u20130.752, respectively). Pregnant women who had insufficient gestational weight gain had increased odds of having low birth weight babies (aOR\u2009=\u20092.272, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.626\u20133.176). Women exposed to passive smoking had an increased risk of delivering low birth weight infants (aOR\u2009=\u20091.404, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.057\u20131.864). Insufficient gestational weight gain and excessive gestational weight gain were both significantly associated with low birth weight (aOR\u2009=\u20091.484, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.103\u20131.998 and aOR\u2009=\u20090.369, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.236\u20130.577, respectively) for term deliveries. In addition, parity, history of low birth weight, antenatal care and gestational hypertension were significantly associated with the likelihood of low birth weight.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pregnant women without exercise contraindications should remain physically active. Pregnant women should be aware of the negative effects of smoke and be aware of strategies to protect themselves from passive smoke exposure. Hospitals should inform pregnant women of the importance appropriate gestational weight gain. These recommendations should be put into practice to decrease the prevalence of low birth weight infants.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T17:02:57Z","timestamp":1591894977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Association between maternal lifestyle factors and low birth weight in preterm and term births: a case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chuhao","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songbai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4266-4967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciyong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"932_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.09.005","volume":"85","author":"W Huo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huo W, et al. Maternal urinary bisphenol a levels and infant low birth weight: a nested case-control study of the health baby cohort in China. Environ Int. 2015;85:96\u2013103.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"932_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1017\/PHN20062005","volume":"9","author":"M de Onis","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Onis M, et al. Comparison of the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards and the National Center for Health Statistics\/WHO international growth reference: implications for child health programmes. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9(7):942\u20137.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-011-1885-y","volume":"285","author":"JO Awoleke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Awoleke JO. Maternal risk factors for low birth weight babies in Lagos, Nigeria. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;285(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2007.00847.x","volume":"21","author":"DJ Jackson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jackson DJ, Batiste E, Rendall-Mkosi K. Effect of smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy on the occurrence of low birthweight in a farming region in South Africa. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2007;21(5):432\u201340.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1080\/1357628031000116808","volume":"16","author":"JJ Guilbert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guilbert JJ. The world health report 2002 - reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Educ Health (Abingdon). 2003;16(2):230.","journal-title":"Educ Health (Abingdon)"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2006000600002","volume":"22","author":"IK Sclowitz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sclowitz IK, Santos IS. Risk factors for repetition of low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and prematurity in subsequent pregnancies: a systematic review. Cad Saude Publica. 2006;22(6):1129\u201336.","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02493.x","volume":"117","author":"SN Vigod","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vigod SN, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression among women with preterm and low-birth-weight infants: a systematic review. BJOG. 2010;117(5):540\u201350.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"932_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-242","volume":"13","author":"Y Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen Y, et al. An epidemiological survey on low birth weight infants in China and analysis of outcomes of full-term low birth weight infants. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:242.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002471","volume":"95","author":"L Pei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pei L, et al. Changes in socioeconomic inequality of low birth weight and Macrosomia in Shaanxi Province of Northwest China, 2010-2013: a cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(5):e2471.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"932_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g2058","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2058","volume":"348","author":"A Gulland","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gulland A. Drinking in first trimester is linked to premature birth and babies small for gestational age. BMJ. 2014;348:g2058.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.2.195","volume":"287","author":"X Wang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang X, et al. Maternal cigarette smoking, metabolic gene polymorphism, and infant birth weight. JAMA. 2002;287(2):195\u2013202.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200007000-00011","volume":"11","author":"GC Windham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Windham GC, et al. Prenatal active or passive tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of preterm delivery or low birth weight. Epidemiology. 2000;11(4):427\u201333.","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"932_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.047068","volume":"95","author":"SA Ricketts","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ricketts SA, Murray EK, Schwalberg R. Reducing low birthweight by resolving risks: results from Colorado's prenatal plus program. Am J Public Health. 2005;95(11):1952\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.109392","volume":"184","author":"MK Campbell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Campbell MK, Mottola MF. Recreational exercise and occupational activity during pregnancy and birth weight: a case-control study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;184(3):403\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1988.16.3.249","volume":"16","author":"V Kariniemi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kariniemi V, Rosti J. Maternal smoking and alcohol consumption as determinants of birth weight in an unselected study population. J Perinat Med. 1988;16(3):249\u201352.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116997","volume":"139","author":"I Fortier","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fortier I, Marcoux S, Brisson J. Passive smoking during pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small-for-gestational-age infant. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;139(3):294\u2013301.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"932_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-013-1426-3","volume":"18","author":"LM Currie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Currie LM, et al. The association between physical activity and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a prospective cohort. Matern Child Health J. 2014;18(8):1823\u201330.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"932_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-341","volume":"13","author":"HA Wahabi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wahabi HA, et al. Effects of secondhand smoke on the birth weight of term infants and the demographic profile of Saudi exposed women. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:341.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.126631","volume":"98","author":"H Wipfli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wipfli H, et al. Secondhand smoke exposure among women and children: evidence from 31 countries. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(4):672\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"932_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm364","volume":"167","author":"M Juhl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Juhl M, et al. Physical exercise during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(7):859\u201366.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"932_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000373","volume":"124","author":"CS Harrod","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harrod CS, et al. Physical activity in pregnancy and neonatal body composition: the healthy start study. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124(2 Pt 1):257\u201364.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm360","volume":"167","author":"S Sasaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sasaki S, et al. Adverse birth outcomes associated with maternal smoking and polymorphisms in the N-nitrosamine-metabolizing enzyme genes NQO1 and CYP2E1. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(6):719\u201326.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182a6b226","volume":"122","author":"FP McCarthy","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCarthy FP, et al. Association between maternal alcohol consumption in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122(4):830\u20137.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123962","volume":"10","author":"SR Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma SR, et al. Low birth weight at term and its determinants in a tertiary hospital of Nepal: a case-control study. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123962.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"932_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0677-y","volume":"15","author":"H Demelash","year":"2015","unstructured":"Demelash H, et al. Risk factors for low birth weight in bale zone hospitals, South-East Ethiopia : a case-control study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:264.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.2.207","volume":"83","author":"J Zhang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zhang J, Ratcliffe JM. Paternal smoking and birthweight in Shanghai. Am J Public Health. 1993;83(2):207\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.3109\/00016341003692261","volume":"89","author":"M Anderka","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anderka M, et al. Patterns of tobacco exposure before and during pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010;89(4):505\u201314.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.02058.x","volume":"116","author":"CM O'Leary","year":"2009","unstructured":"O'Leary CM, et al. The effect of maternal alcohol consumption on fetal growth and preterm birth. BJOG. 2009;116(3):390\u2013400.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"11","key":"932_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2012.05732.x","volume":"39","author":"AL Siebel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Siebel AL, Carey AL, Kingwell BA. Can exercise training rescue the adverse cardiometabolic effects of low birth weight and prematurity? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;39(11):944\u201357.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2255","volume":"95","author":"SA Hopkins","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hopkins SA, et al. Exercise training in pregnancy reduces offspring size without changes in maternal insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(5):2080\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"932_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(98)00020-9","volume":"8","author":"BW Alderman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Alderman BW, et al. Maternal physical activity in pregnancy and infant size for gestational age. Ann Epidemiol. 1998;8(8):513\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539515589810","volume":"27","author":"CH Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang CH, et al. Effects of Prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(6):620\u201330.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39957","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039957","volume":"7","author":"N Assefa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Assefa N, Berhane Y, Worku A. Wealth status, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and antenatal care (ANC) are determinants for low birth weight in Kersa, Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39957.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"932_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.10.063","volume":"171","author":"S Leivonen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leivonen S, et al. Obstetric and neonatal adversities, parity, and Tourette syndrome: a Nationwide registry. J Pediatr. 2016;171:213\u20139.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.2016-0088","volume":"54","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suzuki K, et al. Combination of parity and pre-pregnancy BMI and low birth weight infants among Japanese women of reproductive age. Ind Health. 2016;54(6):515\u201320.","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"932_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002358","volume":"130","author":"QA Class","year":"2017","unstructured":"Class QA, et al. Within-family analysis of Interpregnancy interval and adverse birth outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130(6):1304\u201311.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.120080","volume":"186","author":"A Buchbinder","year":"2002","unstructured":"Buchbinder A, et al. Adverse perinatal outcomes are significantly higher in severe gestational hypertension than in mild preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(1):66\u201371.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"21","key":"932_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2574","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510210060028","volume":"270","author":"MB Aldous","year":"1993","unstructured":"Aldous MB, Edmonson MB. Maternal age at first childbirth and risk of low birth weight and preterm delivery in Washington state. JAMA. 1993;270(21):2574\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"932_CR39","first-page":"434","volume":"26","author":"U Murai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murai U, et al. Pre-pregnancy body mass index as a predictor of low birth weight infants in Japan. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017;26(3):434\u20137.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"932_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1691-4","volume":"19","author":"CA Vamos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vamos CA, et al. Do physical activity patterns across the Lifecourse impact birth outcomes? Matern Child Health J. 2015;19(8):1775\u201382.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022545718786","volume":"7","author":"JA Leiferman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Leiferman JA, Evenson KR. The effect of regular leisure physical activity on birth outcomes. Matern Child Health J. 2003;7(1):59\u201364.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.07.033","volume":"202","author":"M Juhl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Juhl M, et al. Physical exercise during pregnancy and fetal growth measures: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(1):63.e1\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00918.x","volume":"20","author":"HK Hegaard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hegaard HK, et al. Sports and leisure-time physical activity in pregnancy and birth weight: a population-based study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010;20(1):e96\u2013102.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"7","key":"932_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.02941.x","volume":"118","author":"JM Crane","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crane JM, et al. Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on perinatal outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG. 2011;118(7):865\u201371.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2007.00916.x","volume":"22","author":"VW Jaddoe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jaddoe VW, et al. Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risks of low birthweight and preterm birth: the generation R study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2008;22(2):162\u201371.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3109\/00016340903505748","volume":"89","author":"G Salmasi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salmasi G, et al. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010;89(4):423\u201341.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"932_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114436","volume":"124","author":"TR Martin","year":"1986","unstructured":"Martin TR, Bracken MB. Association of low birth weight with passive smoke exposure in pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol. 1986;124(4):633\u201342.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"932_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.02.003","volume":"26","author":"T Zdravkovic","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zdravkovic T, et al. The adverse effects of maternal smoking on the human placenta: a review. Placenta. 2005;26(Suppl A):S81\u20136.","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"932_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s6897","volume":"107","author":"DP Misra","year":"1999","unstructured":"Misra DP, Nguyen RH. Environmental tobacco smoke and low birth weight: a hazard in the workplace? Environ Health Perspect. 1999;107(Suppl 6):897\u2013904.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"932_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-157","volume":"13","author":"Y Miyake","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miyake Y, Tanaka K, Arakawa M. Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and birth outcomes: the Kyushu Okinawa maternal and child health study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:157.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"932_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90081-J","volume":"44","author":"TO Scholl","year":"1991","unstructured":"Scholl TO, et al. Maternal weight gain, diet and infant birth weight: correlations during adolescent pregnancy. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(4\u20135):423\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 2","key":"932_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1592S","volume":"133","author":"MS Kramer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kramer MS. The epidemiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes: an overview. J Nutr. 2003;133(5 Suppl 2):1592S\u20136S.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"932_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31818a5d50","volume":"112","author":"E Oken","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oken E, et al. Maternal gestational weight gain and offspring weight in adolescence. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112(5):999\u20131006.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"932_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-008-0318-4","volume":"15","author":"A Langford","year":"2011","unstructured":"Langford A, et al. Does gestational weight gain affect the risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes in overweight women? Matern Child Health J. 2011;15(7):860\u20135.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12249","volume":"30","author":"RR El","year":"2016","unstructured":"El RR, et al. Association of pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with preterm births and fetal size: an observational study from Lebanon. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016;30(1):38\u201345.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"932_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-40","volume":"14","author":"JM Wallace","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wallace JM, et al. Inter-pregnancy weight change impacts placental weight and is associated with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the second pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14:40.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"932_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.1.183","volume":"84","author":"JN Nielsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nielsen JN, et al. High gestational weight gain does not improve birth weight in a cohort of African American adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(1):183\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"932_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.12.005","volume":"36","author":"E Nkwabong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nkwabong E, et al. Risk factors and placental histopathological findings of term born low birth weight neonates. Placenta. 2015;36(2):138\u201341.","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"932_CR59","first-page":"255","volume":"14","author":"FC Da","year":"2014","unstructured":"Da FC, et al. Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, Sao Paulo. Brazil: a case-control study BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14:255.","journal-title":"Brazil: a case-control study BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T23:44:16Z","timestamp":1623368656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-020-00932-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 December 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Sun Yat-sen University, School of Public Health Institutional Review Board.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent for publication of any individual person\u2019s data was obtained from all pregnant women or their husbands.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"93"}}