{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:18:11Z","timestamp":1740140291038,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria continues to scourge the population and is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in young children and pregnant women. As current preventative measures such as intermittent preventive treatment and use of insecticide-treated nets provide incomplete protection, several malaria vaccines are currently under development, including one to specifically prevent pregnancy malaria. Prior to conducting vaccine trials, it is important to obtain background information on poor pregnancy outcomes in the target population to establish a baseline.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Pregnant women presenting at community health care centers for antenatal care were recruited to the study. Gestational age was determined by ultrasound examination following recruitment. Antenatal care and pregnancy outcome information were collected during a visit 4\u20138\u2009weeks post-delivery.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One thousand eight hundred fifty women completed the study, and analysis included 1814 women after excluding multiple gestations (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200926) and missing\/incomplete data (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200910). The percentage (95% CI) of adverse pregnancy outcomes is as follows: miscarriage, 0.28% (0.04\u20130.52); stillbirth, 1.93% (1.30\u20132.56); early neonatal death, 1.65% (1.03\u20132.24); late neonatal death, 0.39%, (0.10\u20130.68); and preterm delivery (PTD), 4.74% (3.76\u20135.73). The percentages of early and late neonatal deaths and PTD were significantly higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.01) in primigravid compared to multigravid women. In primigravidae, 3.1, 1.1 and 7.1% of pregnancies resulted in early neonatal death, late neonatal death and PTD, respectively, while these outcomes in multigravidae were 1.0, 0.1 and 2.7%, respectively. Major malformations were identified in 4 newborns.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Low gravidity and young age predict perinatal death and PTD. The information collected here can be used as a baseline for adverse pregnancy outcomes in future vaccine trials in pregnant women.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T07:02:29Z","timestamp":1584428549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ou\u00e9less\u00e9bougou, Mali"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Naissem","family":"Andemel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santara","family":"Gaoussou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amadou","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Djibrilla","family":"Issiaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Almahamoudou","family":"Mahamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moussa","family":"Traore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick E.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alassane","family":"Dicko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Fried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"890_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00837-5","volume":"387","author":"JE Lawn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Froen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, et al. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016;387:587\u2013603.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"890_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61712-8","volume":"375","author":"RL Goldenberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goldenberg RL, McClure EM, Saleem S, Reddy UM. Infection-related stillbirths. Lancet. 2010;375:1482\u201390.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"890_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S200","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix664","volume":"65","author":"AC Seale","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seale AC, Bianchi-Jassir F, Russell NJ, Kohli-Lynch M, Tann CJ, Hall J, Madrid L, Blencowe H, Cousens S, Baker CJ, et al. Estimates of the burden of group B streptococcal disease worldwide for pregnant women, stillbirths, and children. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:S200\u201319.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.033258","volume":"85","author":"D Watson-Jones","year":"2007","unstructured":"Watson-Jones D, Weiss HA, Changalucha JM, Todd J, Gumodoka B, Bulmer J, Balira R, Ross D, Mugeye K, Hayes R, Mabey D. Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania--impact and prevention of maternal risk factors. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85:9\u201318.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"890_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix623","volume":"65","author":"M Fried","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fried M, Kurtis JD, Swihart B, Pond-Tor S, Barry A, Sidibe Y, Gaoussou S, Traore M, Keita S, Mahamar A, et al. Systemic inflammatory response to malaria during pregnancy is associated with pregnancy loss and preterm delivery. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65:1729\u201335.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31593-8","volume":"388","author":"L Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J, Lawn JE, Cousens S, Mathers C, Black RE. Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000-15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the sustainable development goals. Lancet. 2016;388:3027\u201335.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"890_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1564433","volume":"15","author":"S Krishnaswamy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krishnaswamy S, Lambach P, Giles ML. Key considerations for successful implementation of maternal immunization programs in low and middle income countries. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15:942\u201350.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"890_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.03.103","volume":"35","author":"S Kochhar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kochhar S, Bonhoeffer J, Jones CE, Munoz FM, Honrado A, Bauwens J, Sobanjo-Ter Meulen A, Hirschfeld S. Immunization in pregnancy clinical research in low- and middle-income countries - study design, regulatory and safety considerations. Vaccine. 2017;35:6575\u201381.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"890_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003161","volume":"133","author":"FM Munoz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Munoz FM, Jamieson DJ. Maternal Immunization. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133:739\u201353.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"890_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00484-3","volume":"16","author":"RS Heyderman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heyderman RS, Madhi SA, French N, Cutland C, Ngwira B, Kayambo D, Mboizi R, Koen A, Jose L, Olugbosi M, et al. Group B streptococcus vaccination in pregnant women with or without HIV in Africa: a non-randomised phase 2, open-label, multicentre trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:546\u201355.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishnaswamy S, Lambach P, Giles ML. Key considerations for successful implementation of maternal immunization programs in low and middle income countries. Hum Vacc Immunotherapeutics. 2019:1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1564433"},{"key":"890_CR12","volume-title":"Book World Malaria Report (Editor ed.^eds.). City: World Health Organiation","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO. World Malaria Report. In: Book World Malaria Report (Editor ed.^eds.). City: World Health Organiation; 2018."},{"key":"890_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70021-X","volume":"7","author":"M Desai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Desai M, ter Kuile FO, Nosten F, McGready R, Asamoa K, Brabin B, Newman RD. Epidemiology and burden of malaria in pregnancy. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7:93\u2013104.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-2040-4","volume":"16","author":"J Kapisi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kapisi J, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P, Muhindo MK, Natureeba P, Awori P, Nakalembe M, Ssekitoleko R, Olwoch P, Ategeka J, et al. Relationships between infection with plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy, measures of placental malaria, and adverse birth outcomes. Malar J. 2017;16:400.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"890_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0863-z","volume":"15","author":"KA Moore","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moore KA, Fowkes FJI, Wiladphaingern J, Wai NS, Paw MK, Pimanpanarak M, Carrara VI, Raksuansak J, Simpson JA, White NJ, et al. Mediation of the effect of malaria in pregnancy on stillbirth and neonatal death in an area of low transmission: observational data analysis. BMC Med. 2017;15:98.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"890_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9027","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901415106","volume":"106","author":"WE Harrington","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harrington WE, Mutabingwa TK, Muehlenbachs A, Sorensen B, Bolla MC, Fried M, Duffy PE. Competitive facilitation of drug-resistant plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in pregnant women who receive preventive treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:9027\u201332.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"890_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12028","volume":"18","author":"JT Lin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin JT, Mbewe B, Taylor SM, Luntamo M, Meshnick SR, Ashorn P. Increased prevalence of dhfr and dhps mutants at delivery in Malawian pregnant women receiving intermittent preventive treatment for malaria. Tropical Med Int Health. 2013;18:175\u20138.","journal-title":"Tropical Med Int Health"},{"key":"890_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir376","volume":"53","author":"WE Harrington","year":"2011","unstructured":"Harrington WE, Mutabingwa TK, Kabyemela E, Fried M, Duffy PE. Intermittent treatment to prevent pregnancy malaria does not confer benefit in an area of widespread drug resistance. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:224\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1140","volume":"69","author":"B Mordmuller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mordmuller B, Sulyok M, Egger-Adam D, Resende M, de Jongh WA, Jensen MH, Smedegaard HH, Ditlev SB, Soegaard M, Poulsen L, et al. First-in-human, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of differentially adjuvanted PAMVAC, a vaccine candidate to prevent pregnancy-associated malaria. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69:1509.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"890_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.09.011","volume":"49","author":"SL Hoffman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hoffman SL, Vekemans J, Richie TL, Duffy PE. The march toward malaria vaccines. Am J Prev Med. 2015;49:S319\u201333.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"890_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.04.075","volume":"37","author":"S Kochhar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kochhar S, Edwards KM, Ropero Alvarez AM, Moro PL, Ortiz JR. Introduction of new vaccines for immunization in pregnancy - programmatic, regulatory, safety and ethical considerations. Vaccine. 2019;37:3267\u201377.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"890_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.12.025","volume":"37","author":"SA Healy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Healy SA, Fried M, Richie T, Bok K, Little M, August A, Riley L, Swamy GK, Wylie BJ, Menendez C, et al. Malaria vaccine trials in pregnant women: an imperative without precedent. Vaccine. 2019;37:763\u201370.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"890_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.07.032","volume":"34","author":"CE Jones","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jones CE, Munoz FM, Spiegel HM, Heininger U, Zuber PL, Edwards KM, Lambach P, Neels P, Kohl KS, Gidudu J, et al. Guideline for collection, analysis and presentation of safety data in clinical trials of vaccines in pregnant women. Vaccine. 2016;34:5998\u20136006.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"890_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-12-S2-S8","volume":"12","author":"F Althabe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Althabe F, Moore JL, Gibbons L, Berrueta M, Goudar SS, Chomba E, Derman RJ, Patel A, Saleem S, Pasha O, et al. Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies: The Global Network's Maternal Newborn Health Registry study. Reprod Health. 2015;12(Suppl 2):S8.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"890_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-12-S2-S6","volume":"12","author":"SM Dhaded","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dhaded SM, Somannavar MS, Vernekar SS, Goudar SS, Mwenche M, Derman R, Moore JL, Patel A, Pasha O, Esamai F, et al. Neonatal mortality and coverage of essential newborn interventions 2010\u20132013: a prospective, population-based study from low-middle income countries. Reprod Health. 2015;12(Suppl 2):S6.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"890_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-12-S2-S7","volume":"12","author":"EM McClure","year":"2015","unstructured":"McClure EM, Saleem S, Goudar SS, Moore JL, Garces A, Esamai F, Patel A, Chomba E, Althabe F, Pasha O, et al. Stillbirth rates in low-middle income countries 2010\u20132013: a population-based, multi-country study from the Global Network. Reprod Health. 2015;12(Suppl 2):S7.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"890_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.14613.1","volume":"3","author":"AL Parker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parker AL, Parker DM, Zan BN, Min AM, Gilder ME, Ringringulu M, Win E, Wiladphaingern J, Charunwatthana P, Nosten F, et al. Trends and birth outcomes in adolescent refugees and migrants on the Thailand-Myanmar border, 1986-2016: an observational study. Wellcome Open Res. 2018;3:62.","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"key":"890_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1086\/426400","volume":"191","author":"K Kayentao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kayentao K, Kodio M, Newman RD, Maiga H, Doumtabe D, Ongoiba A, Coulibaly D, Keita AS, Maiga B, Mungai M, et al. Comparison of intermittent preventive treatment with chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of malaria during pregnancy in Mali. J Infect Dis. 2005;191:109\u201316.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T00:22:11Z","timestamp":1615940531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-020-0890-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4755"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1742-4755"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The protocol and study procedures were approved by the institutional review board of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the US National Institutes of Health ( ID ), and the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry at the University of Bamako, Mali.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"39"}}