{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T10:28:08Z","timestamp":1780396088840,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Foundation \u2013 Flanders","award":["1261923N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1261923N"]}]},{"name":"The Flemish Government, Science & Innovation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Worldwide, 10% of postpartum women experience postpartum depression, which can lead to diverse sequalae at individual, family, and societal levels. In sub-Saharan Africa, it is estimated that 17% of women experience depression in the postpartum period, which could be an underestimate as 48% of women in the region do not receive postnatal care (81% in Ethiopia and 51% in Guinea) and a large share of postpartum depression remains undiagnosed and untreated as a result. Globally, despite a critical evidence gap, there are growing reports of postpartum depression among women mistreated (disrespected and abused) during childbirth in health facilities, making a strong case to examine the association between mistreatment and postpartum depression. This study in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and Conakry (Guinea) uses a mixed methods design to 1) examine the link between mistreatment and postpartum depression, 2) explore the health system capacity to provide respectful maternity care and maternal mental health services, and 3) explore the experiences of women in accessing care and support for postpartum depression.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We will conduct a prospective longitudinal survey of women (434 in Addis Ababa and 408 in Conakry) from the third trimester of pregnancy to eight weeks postpartum and carry out in-depth interviews with key health system informants (20\u201325 in each city) and women who recovered from a clinically confirmed episode of postpartum depression (15\u201325 in each city). Quantitative data from the women\u2019s survey will be analysed using a multilevel mixed-effects model; qualitative data from key-informants will be analysed by using a hybrid thematic analysis approach, whereas data from women\u2019s in-depth interviews will be analysed using the phenomenological approach. The inclusion of two different settings in our study (Addis Ababa and Conakry) will enable us to apply a comparative health systems lens to explore the dynamics of respectful maternity care and maternal mental health services within the broader health systems of the two countries (Ethiopia and Guinea).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings from this study will inform actions aimed at mitigating the mistreatment of women in maternity settings and improving promotive, preventive, and treatment interventions for postpartum depression in Ethiopia and Guinea. The findings can also be extrapolated to other low-resource settings.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-024-01850-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T12:04:24Z","timestamp":1725451464000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Is MIStreatment of women during facility-based childbirth an independent risk factor for POstpartum Depression in Ethiopia and Guinea? A mixed methods prospective study protocol\u2014MISPOD study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4470-1848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anteneh","family":"Asefa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7838-2470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samson","family":"Gebremedhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9397-7106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Delamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7185-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Marchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8595-365X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lenka","family":"Benov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1850_CR1","volume-title":"Mental health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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No participants were enrolled, or participant related activities were performed before written approval from these bodies was obtained. Written consents will be sought from all participants of the study. Separate plain language statements prepared in local languages will be used for both types of participants (women and key-informants). To make sure that women with low literacy level understand what the study is about, the data collectors will provide a one-by-one explanation of contents of the plain language statement. For participants willing to participate in the study, a consent form prepared in local languages will be used to seek their written consent. In Ethiopia, emancipated minors \"minors working or earn their living, married, parenting\u2014may be allowed to give an informed consent or an institutional review board may decide a waiver of consent\u201d []. In Guinea, only married adolescents are considered as emancipated minors and are allowed to give an informed consent []. Accordingly, if we come across eligible pregnant women between 15\u201318 years in Addis Ababa, they will be asked to give their written consent before participating in the study. However, we will not invite unmarried pregnant women less than 18 years old in Conakry to participate in the study as they are not eligible to give informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"129"}}