{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T15:22:42Z","timestamp":1771860162597,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005047","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant no. 2022-BS-120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. 2022-BS-120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University","award":["Grant no. M1349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant no. M1349"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:25:06Z","timestamp":1727760306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical characteristics and treatment during preconception and perinatal period of infertile women with non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xuejiao","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"1874_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01865","volume":"103","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Speiser PW, Arlt W, Auchus RJ, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(11):4043\u201388.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02740.x","volume":"66","author":"N Krone","year":"2007","unstructured":"Krone N, Dhir V, Ivison HE, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and P450 oxidoreductase deficiency. Clin Endocrinol. 2007;66(2):162\u201372.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1874_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4133","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2631","volume":"95","author":"PW Speiser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Speiser PW, Azziz R, Baskin LS, et al. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(9):4133\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2015.02.002","volume":"44","author":"AF Turcu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Turcu AF, Auchus RJ. Adrenal steroidogenesis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015;44(2):275\u201396.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"1874_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e32835a1a2e","volume":"19","author":"SF Witchel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Witchel SF. Management of CAH during pregnancy: optimizing outcomes. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012;19(6):489\u201396.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.11.002","volume":"101","author":"DE Reichman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reichman DE, White PC, New MI, et al. Fertility in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Fertil Steril. 2014;101(2):301\u20139.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"11","key":"1874_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2017.46","volume":"19","author":"F Hannah-Shmouni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hannah-Shmouni F, Morissette R, Sinaii N, et al. Revisiting the prevalence of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia in US Ashkenazi Jews and Caucasians. Genet Med. 2017;19(11):1276\u20139.","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"1874_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00388","volume":"10","author":"G Papadakis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Papadakis G, Kandaraki EA, Tseniklidi E, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome and nc-cah: distinct characteristics and common findings a systematic review. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:388.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.06.025","volume":"94","author":"M Pall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pall M, Azziz R, Beires J, et al. The phenotype of hirsute women: a comparison of polycystic ovary syndrome and 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(2):684\u20139.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"9","key":"1874_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0062","volume":"91","author":"C Moran","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moran C, Azziz R, Weintrob N, et al. Reproductive outcome of women with 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(9):3451\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1383","volume":"95","author":"M Bidet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bidet M, Bellanne-Chantelot C, Galand-Portier MB, et al. Fertility in women with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(3):1182\u201390.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12543","volume":"82","author":"S Livadas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Livadas S, Dracopoulou M, Dastamani A, et al. The spectrum of clinical, hormonal and molecular findings in 280 individuals with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by mutations of the CYP21A2 gene. Clin Endocrinol. 2015;82(4):543\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1874_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.108020","volume":"183","author":"C Moran","year":"2000","unstructured":"Moran C, Azziz R, Carmina E, et al. 21-Hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a progressive disorder: a multicenter study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(6):1468\u201374.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1874_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den118","volume":"23","author":"K Hagenfeldt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hagenfeldt K, Janson PO, Holmdahl G, et al. Fertility and pregnancy outcome in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Hum Reprod. 2008;23(7):1607\u201313.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"8","key":"1874_CR15","first-page":"569","volume":"54","author":"Subspecialty Group of Endocrinologic H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subspecialty Group of Endocrinologic H. Metabolic diseases tSoPCMA consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2016;54(8):569\u201376.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13288","volume":"43","author":"Y Kawarai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kawarai Y, Ishikawa H, Segawa T, et al. High serum progesterone associated with infertility in a woman with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43(5):946\u201350.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345586","volume":"31","author":"H Falhammar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Falhammar H, Thoren M, Hagenfeldt K. A 31-year-old woman with infertility and polycystic ovaries diagnosed with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to a novel CYP21 mutation. J Endocrinol Invest. 2008;31(2):176\u201380.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01903.x","volume":"39","author":"IN Purwana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Purwana IN, Kanasaki H, Oride A, et al. Successful pregnancy after the treatment of primary amenorrhea in a patient with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2013;39(1):406\u20139.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"1874_CR19","first-page":"889","volume":"65","author":"A Rizwan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rizwan A, Hayat M. Unusual presentation with polymenorrhagia and markedly high 17-hydroxy progesterone levels in a lady with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Pak Med Assoc. 2015;65(8):889\u201391.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.07.1103","volume":"96","author":"E Trakakis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Trakakis E, Dracopoulou-Vabouli M, Dacou-Voutetakis C, et al. Infertility reversed by glucocorticoids and full-term pregnancy in a couple with previously undiagnosed nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Fertil Steril. 2011;96(4):1048\u201350.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR21","first-page":"263","volume":"30","author":"P Kontoleon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kontoleon P, Ilias I, Papapetrou PD. Successful pregnancy in a woman with rare compound heterozygoticity for congenital adrenal hyperplasia; case report. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2003;30(4):263\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1312","key":"1874_CR22","first-page":"77","volume":"123","author":"H Falhammar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Falhammar H. Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydoxylase deficiency as a cause of infertility and miscarriages. N Z Med J. 2010;123(1312):77\u201380.","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1874_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-70942004000600013","volume":"54","author":"M Balki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Balki M, Carvalho JC, Castro C. Anesthesia for cesarean section in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: case report. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2004;54(6):826\u201331.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Anestesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12646","volume":"82","author":"M Boscolo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boscolo M, Bry-Gauillard H, Tardy V, et al. Secondary amenorrhoea associated with high serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels revealing a heterozygous CYP21A2 mutation in a woman with Addison disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2015;82(4):620\u20132.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01359.x","volume":"55","author":"N Krone","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krone N, Wachter I, Stefanidou M, et al. Mothers with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and their children: outcome of pregnancy, birth and childhood. Clin Endocrinol. 2001;55(4):523\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR26","first-page":"609","volume":"43","author":"Chinese Nutrition Society Obesity Control Chinese Nutrition Society Clinical Nutrition","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chinese Nutrition Society Obesity Control Chinese Nutrition Society Clinical Nutrition. Expert consensus on obesity prevention and treatment in China. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2022;43(5):609\u201326.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"issue":"10","key":"1874_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2329-x","volume":"14","author":"NM Stikkelbroeck","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stikkelbroeck NM, Hermus AR, Schouten D, et al. Prevalence of ovarian adrenal rest tumours and polycystic ovaries in females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: results of ultrasonography and MR imaging. Eur Radiol. 2004;14(10):1802\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx014","volume":"23","author":"E Carmina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carmina E, Dewailly D, Escobar-Morreale HF, et al. Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency revisited: an update with a special focus on adolescent and adult women. Hum Reprod Update. 2017;23(5):580\u201399.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.11.023","volume":"111","author":"MI New","year":"2019","unstructured":"New MI, Ghizzoni L, Meyer-Bahlburg H, et al. Fertility in patients with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Fertil Steril. 2019;111(1):13\u201320.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3326","volume":"99","author":"A Strandqvist","year":"2014","unstructured":"Strandqvist A, Falhammar H, Lichtenstein P, et al. Suboptimal psychosocial outcomes in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: epidemiological studies in a nonbiased national cohort in Sweden. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(4):1425\u201332.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13429","volume":"87","author":"O Eyal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eyal O, Ayalon-Dangur I, Segev-Becker A, et al. Pregnancy in women with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: time to conceive and outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2017;87(5):552\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14842","volume":"98","author":"C Carriere","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carriere C, Nguyen LS, Courtillot C, et al. Fertility and pregnancy outcomes in women with nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2023;98(3):315\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1874_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03563.x","volume":"70","author":"A Casteras","year":"2009","unstructured":"Casteras A, De Silva P, Rumsby G, et al. Reassessing fecundity in women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH): normal pregnancy rate but reduced fertility rate. Clin Endocrinol. 2009;70(6):833\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"1874_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00723","volume":"10","author":"A Chatziaggelou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chatziaggelou A, Sakkas EG, Votino R, et al. Assisted reproduction in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:723.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.08.013","volume":"108","author":"J Slowikowska-Hilczer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Hirschberg AL, Claahsen-van der Grinten H, et al. Fertility outcome and information on fertility issues in individuals with different forms of disorders of sex development: findings from the dsd-LIFE study. Fertil Steril. 2017;108(5):822\u201331.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2011.12.009","volume":"77","author":"CM Trapp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trapp CM, Oberfield SE. Recommendations for treatment of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH): an update. Steroids. 2012;77(4):342\u20136.","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR37","first-page":"186","volume":"16","author":"B McCann-Crosby","year":"2018","unstructured":"McCann-Crosby B, Placencia FX, Adeyemi-Fowode O, et al. challenges in prenatal treatment with dexamethasone. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2018;16(1):186\u201393.","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"issue":"233","key":"1874_CR38","first-page":"72063","volume":"79","author":"Drug Administration Food","year":"2014","unstructured":"Drug Administration Food. Content and format of labeling for human prescription drug and biological products; requirements for pregnancy and lactation labeling final rule. Fed Regist. 2014;79(233):72063\u2013103.","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"issue":"6","key":"1874_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.05.046","volume":"197","author":"SL Carmichael","year":"2007","unstructured":"Carmichael SL, Shaw GM, Ma C, et al. Maternal corticosteroid use and orofacial clefts. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;197(6):585.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1874_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000348515","volume":"80","author":"S Grunt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grunt S, Steinlin M, Weisstanner C, et al. Acute encephalopathy with unilateral cortical-subcortical lesions in two unrelated kindreds treated with glucocorticoids prenatally for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: established facts and novel insight. Horm Res Paediatr. 2013;80(1):57\u201363.","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"1874_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5651","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8072","volume":"86","author":"MI New","year":"2001","unstructured":"New MI, Carlson A, Obeid J, et al. Prenatal diagnosis for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in 532 pregnancies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(12):5651\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2109","volume":"92","author":"W Bonfig","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bonfig W, Bechtold S, Schmidt H, et al. Reduced final height outcome in congenital adrenal hyperplasia under prednisone treatment: deceleration of growth velocity during puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(5):1635\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1340","volume":"92","author":"T Hirvikoski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hirvikoski T, Nordenstrom A, Lindholm T, et al. Cognitive functions in children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated prenatally with dexamethasone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(2):542\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"1874_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1970","volume":"97","author":"N Alexander","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alexander N, Rosenlocher F, Stalder T, et al. Impact of antenatal synthetic glucocorticoid exposure on endocrine stress reactivity in term-born children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(10):3538\u201344.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14126","volume":"92","author":"L Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu L, Lin W, Cai L, et al. Efficacy and safety of prenatal dexamethasone treatment in offspring at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2020;92(2):109\u201323.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1874_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80310-8","volume":"105","author":"M David","year":"1984","unstructured":"David M, Forest MG. Prenatal treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Pediatr. 1984;105(5):799\u2013803.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"1874_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-4-838","volume":"70","author":"PW Speiser","year":"1990","unstructured":"Speiser PW, Laforgia N, Kato K, et al. First trimester prenatal treatment and molecular genetic diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990;70(4):838\u201348.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR48","first-page":"930","volume":"84","author":"JC Lo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lo JC, Schwitzgebel VM, Tyrrell JB, et al. Normal female infants born of mothers with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(3):930\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1874_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","volume":"101","author":"SR Bornstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(2):364\u201389.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.05.011","volume":"48","author":"N Reisch","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reisch N. Pregnancy in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019;48(3):619\u201341.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"1874_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-011-9591-x","volume":"41","author":"H Falhammar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Falhammar H, Thoren M. Clinical outcomes in the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrine. 2012;41(3):355\u201373.","journal-title":"Endocrine"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:27:20Z","timestamp":1727760440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-024-01874-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was carefully reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics. Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (Number: 2024PS024K). All subjects agreed on the survey and signed written consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"139"}}