{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:31:08Z","timestamp":1776785468730,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Asylum-seeking women have an increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases, sexual and gender-based violence, unwanted pregnancies, maternal illness and death. This study examined sexual and reproductive health issues among asylum-seeking women in Finland in 2018. The acceptability of asking questions on sexual health was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data from the Asylum Seekers Health and Wellbeing Survey were used. Women aged 18\u201350 (n\u2009=\u2009278) were included in the analysis and grouped to four categories based on their country of birth. Register information on sex, age group, country of birth, and place of residency was obtained from the Finnish Immigration Service and used in the calculations of analysis weights. Weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (Cl) were calculated for sexual activity, the use of contraceptives, female genital mutilation\/cutting, pregnancies, previous births, miscarriages, induced abortions and menstrual health. The differences between the groups were compared using the chi-square test. The acceptability was examined based on nonresponse in each question about sexual health.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among women from the other African countries (excl. North Africa), 21% (95% Cl 10.4\u201338.9%) had had six or more sexual partners within the past 12 months. Majority of women (62%, 95% CI 39.9\u201379.7%) from the \u2018other countries\u2019 and 51% (95% Cl 34.1\u201368.2%) from the other African countries had not used contraceptives during their latest intercourse. Female genital mutilation\/cutting was reported by 30% (95% Cl 18.7\u201345.2%) of women from the other African countries. A total of 10% (95% Cl 6.6\u201313.9%) of all women and 25% (95% Cl 14.3\u201339.2%) of those from other African countries were pregnant at the time of study. Moreover, 35% (95% CI 25.5\u201346.0%) of the women from Russia and former Soviet Union had had at least one induced abortion. Nonresponse varied between 7 and 17%, being the highest in the questions about the gender of the sexual partner(s) and contraceptive use among women from Middle East and Africa.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>It is both acceptable and important to cover sexual and reproductive health when assessing the health of asylum-seeking women. The sensitivity of this topic must be considered when planning data collection.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-025-02012-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]],"date-time":"2025-04-26T03:58:57Z","timestamp":1745639937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sexual and reproductive health of newly-arrived asylum-seeking women: a cross-sectional survey in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Satu","family":"Majlander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarja I.","family":"Kinnunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Lilja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anu E.","family":"Castaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Skogberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivikki","family":"Koponen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2012_CR1","unstructured":"United Nations Population Fund. 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These examinations are confidential health services and not linked to the process of obtaining asylum.Ethical approval for the TERTTU survey was granted by the Coordinating Ethics Committee of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District. The purpose, the significance, and the process of the study was explained to each study participant by the research nurses trained and employed to the study organization (THL). Both written and orally informed consent was obtained from all participants and the voluntary nature of the study was emphasized.Participants were informed concerning personal data protection, independence of the study in terms of the person\u2019s asylum-seeking process and confidentiality of the answers. Participants were informed that they are fully entitled to decline from participation or interrupt participation at any moment without the need for providing a reason. Participants were also informed that they can choose not to answer the questions. Research nurses were bound by a confidentiality clause and were been trained in key principles of research ethics. Detailed description of the ethical aspects of the study can be found elsewhere [].As the survey showed that it\u2019s feasible to address SHR, these questions are currently included in the initial health check of asylum seekers, as part of the voluntary and confidential health services, not as part of the asylum seeking process.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no competing interests","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"59"}}