{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:26:50Z","timestamp":1771572410208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["75N93019C00052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019C00052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008065","name":"Georgia Research Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRA-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRA-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immun Ageing"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T13:44:54Z","timestamp":1761659094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Elicitation of protective immune responses against influenza a viruses in elderly ferrets by adjuvanted recombinant universal influenza hemagglutinin vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ted M.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"539_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30235-7","volume":"5","author":"S Gravenstein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gravenstein S, Davidson HE, Taljaard M, Ogarek J, Gozalo P, Han L, Mor V. Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccination on numbers of US nursing home residents admitted to hospital: a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2017;5(9):738\u201346.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"539_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.571416","volume":"11","author":"V Bajaj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bajaj V, Gadi N, Spihlman AP, Wu SC, Choi CH, Moulton VR. Aging, immunity, and COVID-19: how age influences the host immune response to coronavirus infections? Front Physiol. 2020;11:571416.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"539_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0301157","volume":"19","author":"MA Carlock","year":"2024","unstructured":"Carlock MA, Allen JD, Hanley HB, Ross TM. Longitudinal assessment of human antibody binding to hemagglutinin elicited by split-inactivated influenza vaccination over six consecutive seasons. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(6):e0301157.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"539_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315727","volume":"371","author":"CA DiazGranados","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiazGranados CA, Dunning AJ, Kimmel M, Kirby D, Treanor J, Collins A, Pollak R, Christoff J, Earl J, Landolfi V, et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):635\u201345.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"539_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2022.2115362","volume":"21","author":"F Lapi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lapi F, Domnich A, Marconi E, Rossi A, Cricelli C. Adjuvanted versus non-adjuvanted standard-dose influenza vaccines in preventing all-cause hospitalizations in the elderly: a cohort study with nested case-control analyses over 18 influenza seasons. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022;21(11):1647\u201353.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"4","key":"539_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13288","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13288","volume":"18","author":"M Imran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Imran M, Puig-Barbera J, Ortiz JR, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Dean A, Bonafede M, Haag MDM. Relative effectiveness of the MF59(R)-Adjuvanted influenza vaccine versus High-Dose and Non-Adjuvanted influenza vaccines in preventing cardiorespiratory hospitalizations during the 2019\u20132020 US influenza season. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024;18(4):e13288.","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"6","key":"539_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00163-y","volume":"20","author":"B Pulendran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pulendran B, O\u2019Hagan PSA. Emerging concepts in the science of vaccine adjuvants. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021;20(6):454\u201375.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"539_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100402","volume":"82","author":"DT O\u2019Hagan","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Hagan DT, Wack A, Podda A. MF59 is a safe and potent vaccine adjuvant for flu vaccines in humans: what did we learn during its development? Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007;82(6):740\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"33","key":"539_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.05.007","volume":"31","author":"S Calabro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Calabro S, Tritto E, Pezzotti A, Taccone M, Muzzi A, Bertholet S, De Gregorio E, O\u2019Hagan DT, Baudner B, Seubert A. The adjuvant effect of MF59 is due to the oil-in-water emulsion formulation, none of the individual components induce a comparable adjuvant effect. Vaccine. 2013;31(33):3363\u20139.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.065","volume":"31","author":"RB Couch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Couch RB, Atmar RL, Keitel WA, Quarles JM, Wells J, Arden N, Nino D. Randomized comparative study of the serum antihemagglutinin and antineuraminidase antibody responses to six licensed trivalent influenza vaccines. Vaccine. 2012;31(1):190\u20135.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"539_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI64096","volume":"123","author":"E Montecino-Rodriguez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Montecino-Rodriguez E, Berent-Maoz B, Dorshkind K. Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging. J Clin Invest. 2013;123(3):958\u201365.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"539_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1033","volume":"5","author":"PJ Linton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Linton PJ, Dorshkind K. Age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function. Nat Immunol. 2004;5(2):133\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"539_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.05.013","volume":"26","author":"RR Hardy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hardy RR, Kincade PW, Dorshkind K. The protean nature of cells in the B lymphocyte lineage. Immunity. 2007;26(6):703\u201314.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"539_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0143-6","volume":"19","author":"F Krammer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krammer F. The human antibody response to influenza A virus infection and vaccination. Nat Rev Immunol. 2019;19(6):383\u201397.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"539_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01841","volume":"7","author":"A Bahadoran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bahadoran A, Lee SH, Wang SM, Manikam R, Rajarajeswaran J, Raju CS, Sekaran SD. Immune responses to influenza virus and its correlation to age and inherited factors. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:1841.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"539_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6186","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901474","volume":"183","author":"AM Didierlaurent","year":"2009","unstructured":"Didierlaurent AM, Morel S, Lockman L, Giannini SL, Bisteau M, Carlsen H, et al. AS04, an aluminum salt- and TLR4 agonist-based adjuvant system, induces a transient localized innate immune response leading to enhanced adaptive immunity. J Immunol. 2009;183(10):6186\u201397.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1225635","volume":"13","author":"N Garcon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garcon N, Di Pasquale A. From discovery to licensure, the adjuvant system story. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017;13(1):19\u201333.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"issue":"3","key":"539_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.11.192","volume":"11","author":"N Garcon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garcon N, Vaughn DW, Didierlaurent AM. Development and evaluation of AS03, an adjuvant system containing alpha-tocopherol and squalene in an oil-in-water emulsion. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012;11(3):349\u201366.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"13","key":"539_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.01.011","volume":"29","author":"S Morel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morel S, Didierlaurent A, Bourguignon P, Delhaye S, Baras B, Jacob V, Planty C, Elouahabi A, Harvengt P, Carlsen H, et al. Adjuvant system AS03 containing alpha-tocopherol modulates innate immune response and leads to improved adaptive immunity. Vaccine. 2011;29(13):2461\u201373.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"539_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-018-0070-8","volume":"3","author":"MT Orr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Orr MT, Fox CB. AS03 stresses out macrophages: commentary on \u2018Activation of the Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1alpha by the vaccine adjuvant AS03 contributes to its immunostimulatory properties.\u2019 NPJ Vaccines. 2018;3:27.","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0167488","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167488","volume":"12","author":"LM Howard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Howard LM, Hoek KL, Goll JB, Samir P, Galassie A, Allos TM, et al. Cell-based systems biology analysis of human AS03-adjuvanted H5N1 avian influenza vaccine responses: a phase I randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(1):e0167488.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"539_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3328","volume":"17","author":"O Sobolev","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sobolev O, Binda E, O\u2019Farrell S, Lorenc A, Pradines J, Huang Y, Duffner J, Schulz R, Cason J, Zambon M, et al. Adjuvanted influenza-H1N1 vaccination reveals lymphoid signatures of age-dependent early responses and of clinical adverse events. Nat Immunol. 2016;17(2):204\u201313.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"22","key":"539_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501184","volume":"372","author":"H Lal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lal H, Cunningham AL, Godeaux O, Chlibek R, Diez-Domingo J, Hwang SJ, et al. Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(22):2087\u201396.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"539_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2519","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515257","volume":"374","author":"A Olotu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Olotu A, Fegan G, Wambua J, Nyangweso G, Leach A, Lievens M, et al. Seven-year efficacy of RTS,S\/AS01 malaria vaccine among young African children. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(26):2519\u201329.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"539_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Short KK, Lathrop SK, Davison CJ, Partlow HA, Kaiser JA, Tee RD, Lorentz EB, Evans JT, Burkhart DJ. Using Dual Toll-like Receptor Agonism to Drive Th1-Biased Response in a Squalene- and alpha-Tocopherol-Containing Emulsion for a More Effective SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(7):1455.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071455"},{"issue":"5","key":"539_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.6.5.699","volume":"6","author":"DT O\u2019Hagan","year":"2007","unstructured":"O\u2019Hagan DT. MF59 is a safe and potent vaccine adjuvant that enhances protection against influenza virus infection. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2007;6(5):699\u2013710.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"29","key":"539_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.061","volume":"30","author":"DT O\u2019Hagan","year":"2012","unstructured":"O\u2019Hagan DT, Ott GS, De Gregorio E, Seubert A. The mechanism of action of MF59 - an innately attractive adjuvant formulation. Vaccine. 2012;30(29):4341\u20138.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"539_CR28","first-page":"195","volume":"55","author":"GA Sautto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sautto GA, Ross TM. Hemagglutinin consensus-based prophylactic approaches to overcome influenza virus diversity. Vet Ital. 2019;55(3):195\u2013201.","journal-title":"Vet Ital"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79590-7","volume":"11","author":"JD Allen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Allen JD, Ross TM. Next generation methodology for updating HA vaccines against emerging human seasonal influenza A(H3N2) viruses. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):4554.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"539_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9070793","volume":"9","author":"Y Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang Y, Franca MS, Allen JD, Shi H, Ross TM. Next generation of computationally optimized broadly reactive HA vaccines elicited cross-reactive immune responses and provided protection against H1N1 virus infection. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(7):793.","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"539_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2014.07.013","volume":"464\u2013465","author":"SG Paquette","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paquette SG, Huang SSH, Banner D, Xu L, Leomicronn A, Kelvin AA, Kelvin DJ. Impaired heterologous immunity in aged ferrets during sequential influenza A H1N1 infection. Virology. 2014;464\u2013465:177\u201383.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"539_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.08.017","volume":"189","author":"SJ Bissel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bissel SJ, Carter CE, Wang G, Johnson SK, Lashua LP, Kelvin AA, et al. Age-related pathology associated with H1N1 A\/california\/07\/2009 influenza virus infection. Am J Pathol. 2019;189(12):2389\u201399.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27717-3","volume":"13","author":"YI Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim YI, Yu KM, Koh JY, Kim EH, Kim SM, Kim EJ, Casel MAB, Rollon R, Jang SG, Song MS, et al. Age-dependent pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):21.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.1018","volume":"1","author":"S Elbe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elbe S, Buckland-Merrett G. Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID\u2019s innovative contribution to global health. Glob Chall. 2017;1(1):33\u201346.","journal-title":"Glob Chall"},{"key":"539_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ecker JW, Kirchenbaum GA, Pierce SR, Skarlupka AL, Abreu RB, Cooper RE, et al. High-yield expression and purification of recombinant influenza virus proteins from stably-transfected mammalian cell lines. Vaccines. 2020;8(3):462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines8030462.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8030462"},{"issue":"7","key":"539_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01652-21","volume":"96","author":"JD Allen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Allen JD, Ross TM. Bivalent H1 and H3 COBRA recombinant hemagglutinin vaccines elicit seroprotective antibodies against H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses from 2009 to 2019. J Virol. 2022;96(7):e0165221.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"539_CR37","volume-title":"Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza","author":"WH Organization","year":"2011","unstructured":"Organization WH. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza. World Health Organization; 2011."},{"issue":"4","key":"539_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000931","volume":"36","author":"A Conrad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Conrad A, Valour F, Vanhems P. Burden of influenza in the elderly: a narrative review. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2023;36(4):296\u2013302.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"539_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2989","volume":"11","author":"PE Love","year":"2011","unstructured":"Love PE, Bhandoola A. Signal integration and crosstalk during thymocyte migration and emigration. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(7):469\u201377.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"539_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6649","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003703","volume":"186","author":"EV Rothenberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rothenberg EV. T cell lineage commitment: identity and renunciation. J Immunol. 2011;186(12):6649\u201355.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"539_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.04.003","volume":"30","author":"HE Lynch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lynch HE, Goldberg GL, Chidgey A, Van den Brink MR, Boyd R, Sempowski GD. Thymic involution and immune reconstitution. Trends Immunol. 2009;30(7):366\u201373.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"539_CR42","first-page":"43","volume":"75","author":"GG Steinmann","year":"1986","unstructured":"Steinmann GG. Changes in the human thymus during aging. Curr Top Pathol. 1986;75:43\u201388.","journal-title":"Curr Top Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"539_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57834","volume":"121","author":"S Sasaki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sasaki S, Sullivan M, Narvaez CF, Holmes TH, Furman D, Zheng NY, Nishtala M, Wrammert J, Smith K, James JA, et al. Limited efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine in elderly individuals is associated with decreased production of vaccine-specific antibodies. J Clin Invest. 2011;121(8):3109\u201319.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"539_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Albrecht RA, Liu WC, Sant AJ, Tompkins SM, Pekosz A, Meliopoulos V, et al. Moving forward: recent developments for the ferret biomedical research model. mBio. 2018;9(4):e01113-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.01113-18.","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01113-18"},{"issue":"4","key":"539_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985813502815","volume":"51","author":"B Vidana","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vidana B, Majo N, Perez M, Montoya M, Martorell J, Martinez J. Immune system cells in healthy ferrets: an immunohistochemical study. Vet Pathol. 2014;51(4):775\u201386.","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"539_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hebert LS, Lavinder JJ, Soto G, Ross T, Moody TA, Ippolito GC, Seeger AE. Characterization of the B cell receptor repertoire and discovery of new Immunoglobulin genes in the domestic ferret. J Immunol. 2023;210(1):224.02.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.210.Supp.224.02"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81389-z","volume":"11","author":"W Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang W, Wong J, Tan HX, Kelly HG, Whitney PG, Barr I, Layton DS, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK, Juno JA. Screening and development of monoclonal antibodies for identification of ferret T follicular helper cells. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1864.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"539_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0233794","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233794","volume":"15","author":"J Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong J, Tai CM, Hurt AC, Tan HX, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK. Sequencing B cell receptors from ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). PLoS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0233794.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0002-y","volume":"4","author":"F Krammer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Krammer F, Smith GJD, Fouchier RAM, Peiris M, Kedzierska K, Doherty PC, Palese P, Shaw ML, Treanor J, Webster RG, et al. Influenza. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1):3.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"539_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.06.005","volume":"12","author":"BS Chambers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chambers BS, Parkhouse K, Ross TM, Alby K, Hensley SE. Identification of hemagglutinin residues responsible for H3N2 antigenic drift during the 2014\u20132015 influenza season. Cell Rep. 2015;12(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"539_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1462639","volume":"14","author":"JD Allen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Allen JD, Ross TM. H3N2 influenza viruses in humans: viral mechanisms, evolution, and evaluation. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(8):1840\u20137.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"539_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127156","volume":"56","author":"X Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang X, Shi H, Ross TM. Multivalent H3 COBRA-based influenza vaccine elicits enhanced immune response in a pre-immune elderly ferret model. Vaccine. 2025;56:127156.","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["Immunity & Ageing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T01:05:01Z","timestamp":1761699901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/immunityageing.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12979-025-00539-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"41"}}