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Yet, there is limited information on the relationships between beliefs about gender roles and risky sexual behaviours. Few studies have explored the association between beliefs about gender roles, high risk sexual behaviour, and health-seeking behaviour among men.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We investigated associations between gender beliefs (dichotomised as traditional or progressive) and high-risk sexual behaviour among South African men presenting for medical male circumcision (Apr 2014 to Nov 2015).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of 2792 enrolled men, 47.4% reported traditional gender beliefs. Participant ages ranged between 18\u201346\u00a0years (median age 26\u00a0years; interquartile range, 21\u201331\u00a0years). Most participants had at least one sex partner over the last 12\u00a0months (68.2%). Younger men (18\u201324\u00a0years old vs. 25\u201346\u00a0years old) (odds ratio [OR], 1.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0\u20132.0]), those with multiple partners ([OR], 1.5 (CI) 1.3\u20131.8]) and participants unsure of their last partner\u2019s HIV status (OR, 1.4 [95% CI 1.1\u20131.7]) were more likely to have traditional beliefs on gender roles.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Young men with traditional beliefs on gender roles may be more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviour and could be good candidates for HIV prevention programmes. N\u2009=\u2009206 (max 350)<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Trial registration<\/jats:italic> Name of registry: Clinicaltrials.gov; Trial registration number: NCT02352961; Date of registration: 30 January 2015 \u201cRetrospectively registered\u201d; URL of trial registry record: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/\">https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-021-00359-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]],"date-time":"2021-06-22T13:02:48Z","timestamp":1624366968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High risk sexual behaviours associated with traditional beliefs about gender roles among men interested in medical male circumcision in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02352961","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Candice M.","family":"Chetty-Makkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Grund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evans","family":"Muchiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matt A.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary H.","family":"Latka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salome","family":"Charalambous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"359_CR1","unstructured":"South African National Department of Health. 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Voluntary written informed consent was obtained from all participants, and, in the case of illiterate participants, a thumbprint from the participant was recorded in the presence of a witness to acknowledge understanding and consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"33"}}